30 Questions
What is the most common age group affected by varicocele?
15-25 years old
How does a varicocele typically feel like when examined?
Feels like a 'bag of worms'
What is the recommended method for diagnosing varicocele?
Physical examination (PE) and ultrasound
In what position is a varicocele typically more visible?
Standing up
At what age can testes produce viable sperm until?
60-70 years old
Which muscles and tissue compose the pelvic diaphragm, forming a sling in the pelvis?
Levator ani and coccygeus muscles + fascia
Which structure forms a horseshoe around the urinary bladder, uterus, and rectum?
Uterine tubes and ovaries
What is the main function of the round ligament in the female reproductive system?
Passing through the inguinal canal to labia majora
What is the danger associated with a mature ovum not entering the ostium of the uterine tube after rupture?
Increased risk of ectopic pregnancy
Which structure is described as the most powerful muscle in both males and females?
Uterus
The pear-shaped organ whose inferior neck forms the cervix is known as:
Uterus
Which structure extends from pubic symphysis to ischial tuberosity to the anus?
Perineum
Where do male and female gonads begin developing in the fetus?
Next to the kidneys in the abdomen
What is the term used for the holes in the lower quadrant of the anterior abdominal wall?
Inguinal canals
Where does the L gonadal vein usually empty into?
Left renal vein
What causes varicocele?
Incompetent valves between internal spermatic and renal veins
Which side does varicocele usually occur on?
Left side
What happens when retrograde blood flow occurs?
Pampiniform plexus dilate
What is the double layer of peritoneum hanging from the uterine tubes called?
Broad ligaments
Which ligament continues to the lateral body wall and contains ovarian vessels and ureter?
Suspensory ligament
Which part of the female reproductive system is considered retro-peritoneal?
Ovaries
What do folds of peritoneum connecting organ to organ or organ to abdominal wall refer to?
Ligaments
Which structure connects the bladder and rectum in the male pelvic cavity?
Ejaculatory duct
What are the organs of the pelvic cavity that are only partially covered by peritoneum called?
Retro-peritoneal organs
What is responsible for the descent of the testes during embryologic development?
Testosterone
What structure lies medial to direct inguinal hernias?
Inferior epigastric artery
What percentage of male infants have imperfect testicular descent leading to cryptorchidism?
3%
Which structures are pushed ahead of the descending testicles during the process of descent?
Artery, vein, nerve, ductus deferens, glandular duct, and lymph
Which part of the male external genitalia primarily houses the scrotum and testes?
Penis
Where do lymphatics from the testis drain into?
Abdominal lymph nodes
Explore the main components and anatomical relationships of the female reproductive organs, including the ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina. Learn about the structures such as the gubernaculum and round ligament that play crucial roles in the development and positioning of these organs.
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