Feline pathology
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Questions and Answers

What is a common clinical sign of diabetes mellitus?

  • Hypoalbuminemia (correct)
  • Increased appetite
  • Frequent urination (correct)
  • Excessive thirst (correct)
  • Which diagnostic test is most directly linked to the presence of glucose in urine?

  • Blood tests
  • Liver function tests
  • Urine tests (correct)
  • Fructosamine test
  • What pathogenesis mechanism is associated with impaired insulin secretion during diabetes mellitus?

  • Elevated liver enzymes
  • Upregulation of glucagon
  • Downregulation of glucose transporters on beta cell membranes (correct)
  • Increased triglyceride synthesis
  • Which of the following describes a change in liver appearance due to diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Diffuse fat accumulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a clinical sign associated with diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Bilirubinemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of inflammation is characterized by the presence of dark orange thick exudate?

    <p>Fibrinous peritonitis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is indicated by the presence of bilirubin in urine?

    <p>Bilirubinuria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does prolonged hyperglycemia have on glucose transporters?

    <p>Decreases transporter activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom indicates increased sensitivity to stimuli such as touch and sound?

    <p>Hyperesthesia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What lesions are localized in the lymph nodes, kidneys, uvea, and meninges?

    <p>Granulomatous nodules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is primarily responsible for the damage to the pancreas in diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Digestive enzymes released (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes intention tremors?

    <p>Tremors occurring during voluntary movements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cranial nerve deficits are commonly associated with what type of neurological issues?

    <p>Local inflammation of tissues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ shows plaques located at the apex as a clinical feature?

    <p>Heart (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is associated with vasculitis?

    <p>Type 3 hypersensitivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common clinical manifestation of multifocal fibrinous peritonitis?

    <p>Hepatomegaly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common histological feature used to identify amyloid deposits in islets?

    <p>Congo red stain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical sign is associated with feline infectious peritonitis?

    <p>Nystagmus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the pathological characteristics of Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP)?

    <p>Atrophy of the kidney (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Peripheral insulin resistance can be caused by which condition related to fat?

    <p>Lipotoxicity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main underlying cause of Feline Infectious Peritonitis?

    <p>Mutated feline enteric coronavirus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a significant determining factor in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance?

    <p>Intracellular fatty acid suppression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the types of feline infectious peritonitis?

    <p>Non-effusive form has characteristic lesions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of changes occur in the pancreatic islets due to amyloid deposition?

    <p>Cell dearth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Diabetes Mellitus

    A condition where the body cannot properly regulate blood sugar levels due to either insufficient insulin production or resistance to insulin's effects.

    Glucosuria

    Increased sugar concentration in the urine, indicating a problem with blood glucose regulation.

    Amyloidosis

    A complex protein found in various tissues, including the liver, kidneys, and pancreas. In diabetes, it can accumulate abnormally, contributing to organ damage.

    Ascites

    A condition characterized by an accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, often a symptom of diabetes.

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    Hypoalbuminemia

    A condition where the body doesn't have enough albumin, a vital protein that helps regulate fluid balance in the blood.

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    Bilirubinemia

    A condition characterized by an abnormally high level of bilirubin, a pigment produced when red blood cells break down, in the blood.

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    Glucose Toxicity

    High levels of glucose in the blood can lead to damage to the cells of the pancreas, impairing its ability to produce insulin.

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    Impaired Insulin Secretion

    A condition characterized by an imbalance in the breakdown and use of glucose, potentially leading to diabetes.

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    Amyloid Deposition in Islets

    A condition characterized by the accumulation of amyloid deposits in the islets of Langerhans, leading to degeneration and dysfunction of beta cells.

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    Triditis

    Chronic inflammation of the common bile duct, connecting the pancreas, liver, and duodenum.

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    Lipotoxicity

    Excess lipid accumulation within cells, particularly beta cells of the pancreas, leading to dysfunction and inflammation.

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    Beta Cell Death

    The progressive loss of beta cells, the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, due to various factors.

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    Peripheral Insulin Resistance

    A condition characterized by a shortage of glucose uptake by peripheral tissues, leading to insulin resistance.

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    Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) Virus

    A mutated form of feline enteric coronavirus that causes a serious, often fatal disease in cats.

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    Histopathology

    The pathological examination of tissue samples to diagnose diseases.

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    Lesions around Blood Vessels in Kidney

    A characteristic feature of FIP, characterized by the presence of lesions around blood vessels in the kidney.

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    Granulomatous inflammation

    A type of inflammatory response characterized by the formation of granulomas, which are small, round collections of immune cells.

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    Dark orange thick exudate

    Dark orange thick exudate is a thick, yellowish-brown fluid that often indicates the presence of infection.

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    Inflamed capsule of the liver

    Inflamed capsule of the liver is a sign of inflammation around the liver, which often points to an infection or disease affecting this organ.

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    Multifocal hard nodules

    Multifocal hard nodules are small, firm bumps that appear in various locations, often suggesting a widespread inflammatory or infectious process.

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    Plaques located on the apex of the heart

    Plaques located on the apex of the heart are flat, raised areas on the top of the heart, indicating a potential disease process affecting its surface.

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    Fibrin-inflamed capsule of the liver

    Fibrin-inflamed capsule of the liver is a type of liver inflammation involving the formation of fibrin, a sticky protein that helps clot blood but can also contribute to the formation of scar tissue.

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    Incoordination

    Incoordination is a lack of coordination in movements, often occurring during voluntary actions, which may indicate problems with the nervous system.

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    Intention tremors

    Intention tremors are tremors that occur during voluntary movements, such as reaching out for an object, and worsen as the movement progresses.

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    Study Notes

    Diabetes Mellitus

    • Lesions: Diffuse tan coloring of the liver, enlarged liver, fat overtaken tubules, fat accumulation in cells
    • Clinical signs: Glucosuria (glucose in urine), bilirubinuria (bilirubin in urine), hypoalbuminemia (low albumin), bilirubinemia (high bilirubin), ascites (fluid accumulation in abdomen)
    • Pathogenesis/causes: Glucose toxicity (prolonged high blood sugar), downregulation of glucose transporters on beta cells, impaired insulin secretion, lipotoxicity (high serum fatty acids suppressing insulin secretion), glycogen accumulation, cell dearth
    • Diagnosis: Blood tests (urine and/or blood), fructosamine test

    Feline Infectious Peritonitis

    • Lesions: Atrophy of kidney, tan cortex with multifocal raised lesions, lesions around blood vessels in kidney, dark orange thick exudate, multifocal hard nodules, inflamed capsule of liver, multifocal fibrinous peritonitis, hepatomegaly, round firm foci on the serosal surface of organs, plaques located on apex of heart, fibrin inflamed capsule of liver, vasculitis, necrosis, macrophages
    • Clinical signs: Ataxia (loss of bodily control), nystagmus (involuntary eye movements), seizures, incoordination, intention tremors, hyperesthesia (increased sensitivity), behavior changes, cranial nerve deficits, head tilt
    • Pathogenesis/causes: Mutated form of feline enteric coronavirus (FCoV), effusive (wet) or non-effusive (dry) form, high protein exudate or modified transudate, granulomatous inflammation, type 3 hypersensitivity reaction with vasculitis.
    • Diagnosis: Histopathology (if pathognomonic lesions), detection of intracellular FCoV antigen (immunofluorescence or immunohistochemistry), RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction).

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    Feline Pathology PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the causes, symptoms, and diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus and Feline Infectious Peritonitis. This quiz covers essential clinical signs, pathogenesis, and lesions associated with these conditions. Enhance your understanding of feline health and disease.

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