Family Dynamics in Late Adulthood
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Questions and Answers

At what age does late adulthood typically begin?

  • 65 (correct)
  • 70
  • 55
  • 60

What percentage of grandparents reportedly share a residence with their grandchildren?

  • 5% (correct)
  • 15%
  • 20%
  • 10%

What is largely a misconception about co-residence among grandparents and grandchildren?

  • It signifies poverty.
  • It benefits the younger generations.
  • It helps in child development.
  • It indicates generativity. (correct)

According to the research mentioned, which situation led to better outcomes for young women and their children?

<p>Having separate homes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor might influence whether a grandmother retires early?

<p>Major responsibility for grandchildren (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential issue that can arise from grandparents living with their grandchildren?

<p>Conflicts about child care (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is often a misconception about the benefits of three-generation households?

<p>They are always beneficial for younger generations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is considered when discussing grandparent generativity among adults?

<p>Past parenting experiences (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one major source of stress for parents raising troubled children?

<p>Lack of support from family and friends (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the challenges a second-grader faces change by the fourth grade?

<p>A different teacher or friends can lead to improvement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is generativity primarily associated with in the context of parenting?

<p>Intense anxiety about children's welfare (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might nonbiological parents face additional challenges?

<p>They may experience unique emotional dynamics. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes current open adoptions?

<p>Birth parents want to maintain some connection with the child. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is often the emotional outcome for parents who adopt children as infants?

<p>They often develop strong parent-child attachments. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can increase the risk of reactive attachment disorder in adopted children?

<p>Prior institutionalization or numerous placements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What unique stress do adoptive families experience during adolescence?

<p>Adoptive relationships add complexity to typical family stressors. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the significant problems regarding training in the workplace?

<p>Implicit understanding of forthcoming training (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect plays a crucial role in the psychological contract between employers and employees?

<p>Fair promotions and new learning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors can lead to resentment and inefficiency in the workplace?

<p>Breach of the psychological contract (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do current business practices often prioritize employee needs?

<p>They focus solely on profit generation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the standard workweek in the United States?

<p>9 a.m. to 5 p.m., Monday through Friday (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of employees in the United States are estimated to have nonstandard work schedules?

<p>Nearly one-half (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential effect of schedule variations on families?

<p>Heightened familial stress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common consequence of breaches in the psychological contract?

<p>Improved employee performance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What negative impact does unemployment have on physical health?

<p>Increases rates of serious illness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does age affect the consequences of unemployment?

<p>Younger adults face lifelong harm due to early unemployment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common employment situation for young adults in the twenty-first century?

<p>Gig economy jobs with variable income (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of job loss in families, according to the content?

<p>Increased family stress and conflict (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one significant challenge for emerging adults during the recent recession and COVID-19?

<p>Scarcity of jobs, particularly for those not in education or training (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does unemployment have on children within a family?

<p>Leads to erratic family meals and nutritional problems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential long-term consequence for young college graduates unable to find suitable jobs?

<p>Increased risk of depression and addiction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might families struggle more during unemployment, especially for slightly older adults?

<p>They have partners and dependent children (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may be a consequence of relocating to a new place for work?

<p>Potential for higher costs of living (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the traditional work/family balance model typically involve?

<p>Men working outside while women managed the home (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is highlighted as a significant issue regarding work/family balance in the past?

<p>Women experiencing feelings of isolation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What historical event demonstrated the need for change in family dynamics?

<p>The divorce wave of the 1980s (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the COVID-19 pandemic affect employment among parents?

<p>More mothers became unemployed compared to fathers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT considered part of a happy and healthy life according to the content?

<p>Stable job opportunities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does joint custody aim to address in modern family dynamics?

<p>Shared parenting to reduce parental alienation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major concern for developmentalists regarding work/life balance?

<p>Limiting employment demands to protect family life (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way adults can satisfy their need for generativity according to Erikson?

<p>Through caregiving (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What challenge may arise after the birth of a child in a marriage?

<p>Diminished marital happiness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of parenthood, what does 'intensive parenting' emphasize?

<p>The sole responsibility of the child’s wellbeing on parents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What common belief regarding gender roles emerges among emerging adults with parenthood?

<p>Men and women may differ in roles and abilities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What recent trend has been observed regarding fathers' involvement in child care?

<p>Fathers are more involved than in previous generations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the data from the Netherlands indicate about mothers as parents?

<p>Mothers are working more but still spending more time with children (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What emotional responses might arise for parents due to the daily needs of an infant?

<p>Joyous acceptance or ongoing resentment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What cultural value influences gender roles among Dutch parents?

<p>Gender equity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Generativity

A stage in adulthood where individuals focus on contributing to society, often through raising children, caring for others, or creative work.

Parenthood and Generativity

Parenthood is a common way for adults to fulfill their need for generativity, as it involves raising and guiding the next generation.

Impact of Parenthood on Intimacy

Marital happiness may decline in the early years after a child's birth as the couple adjusts to new responsibilities and reduced time for intimacy.

Intensive Parenting

A parenting approach prioritizing a child's well-being, happiness, and development through active involvement in their lives.

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Parenthood and Gender Norms

Traditionally, men and women have held different roles in parenting, but modern expectations push for gender equality.

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Gender Roles in Parenting

Despite societal shifts towards gender equality, many parents still lean towards traditional gender roles in practice, especially in the early years of parenting.

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Increasing Father Involvement

Fathers are increasingly involved in childcare, playing with their children, and spending time with them.

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Mothers' Time with Children

While fathers are spending more time with children, mothers are also increasing their time with their children.

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Parental Stress

The emotional strain experienced by parents due to the challenges of raising a child, amplified by lack of support from teachers, friends, or family.

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Nonbiological Parenting

Parenting a child who is not biologically related to the parent, such as through adoption.

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Open Adoption

A type of adoption where the birth parents have some ongoing contact with their adopted child.

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Reactive Attachment Disorder

A condition in children where they struggle to form secure emotional attachments with caregivers.

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Adoption and Adolescence

A time when the normal challenges of teenage identity formation can be particularly stressful for adoptive families.

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Benefits of Adoption

Adoptive parents often experience deep joy and fulfillment from raising their children, who are typically highly wanted.

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Challenges of Nonbiological Parenting

While rewarding, nonbiological parenting can also present unique challenges, especially when dealing with the child's past experiences or developmental issues.

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Grandparenthood Shift

The shift in grandparenthood to later in adulthood due to increased lifespan. This allows for decades of active grandparenting.

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Generative Impulse in Grandparents

Grandparents engage in caring for the youngest generation, often extending their generative role beyond their own children.

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Grandparent Co-residence

Grandparents living with their grandchildren. It's uncommon, usually with the child's mother also present, and can indicate financial difficulty rather than just a supportive role.

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Impact of Co-residence on Young Mothers

Research shows that young mothers who live with their mothers may experience higher levels of depression compared to those who live independently.

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Impact of Co-residence on Children

Children of young mothers who live with their grandmothers have shown less favorable cognitive and emotional outcomes than children of independent mothers.

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Possible Reasons for Negative Impacts

Potential reasons for negative impacts of co-residence include conflicts between mothers and grandmothers regarding child care, and grandmothers disrupting mother-child attachment.

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Impact of Grandmother's Employment

Grandmothers who are employed are more likely to retire early if they have significant responsibilities for their grandchildren.

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Financial Advantage for Independent Families

Families who can afford separate homes for the mother and children may have advantages that those living with grandmothers do not have.

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Psychological Contract

An unspoken agreement between employer and employee regarding expectations, responsibilities, and rewards. It's not a formal document but a shared understanding of the work relationship.

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Impact of Restructuring

Significant changes in an organization, like mergers or new leadership, can dramatically affect the psychological contract. Employees may feel unsure about their roles and expectations.

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Training and Development

A critical aspect of the psychological contract. Employees expect opportunities to learn and grow within the company.

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Fair Promotion Practices

One of the key elements of a healthy psychological contract. When employees believe the company is treating everyone fairly, they feel valued.

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Breaches of Contract

Situations where either the employer or employee violates the expectations of the psychological contract. This can lead to dissatisfaction and a breakdown in the work relationship.

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Impact of COVID-19

The pandemic has significantly changed the dynamic of work, increasing online shopping and impacting the customer service experience.

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Non-Standard Work Schedules

Beyond the traditional 9 to 5 workday, many employees now have flexible schedules due to the needs of various industries.

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Schedule Variations & Family Life

Shift work, late hours, and weekend work can have a profound impact on employees' personal lives, especially family time.

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Work/Family Balance

The idea that employment demands should be limited to protect the rest of life, ensuring a healthy balance between work and family responsibilities.

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Traditional Balance

A historical model where men worked outside the home while women focused on domestic duties, often seen as restrictive for both partners.

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Consequences of Traditional Balance

The traditional work/family balance often led to dissatisfaction for both parents, including depression for stay-at-home mothers and a feeling of exclusion for fathers.

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Divorce Wave of 1980s

A period in the United States where divorce rates drastically increased, partially influenced by women seeking independence and fathers feeling restricted in their parenting roles.

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Joint Custody

A legal arrangement where both parents share custody of children after divorce, promoting equal involvement and parental responsibility.

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Generativity and Parenting

Parenting is a common way for adults to contribute to society and fulfill their need for generativity, raising and guiding the next generation.

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Mothers' Increasing Work

Mothers are increasingly participating in the workforce, balancing both career aspirations and family responsibilities.

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Father's Increased Childcare Involvement

Fathers are taking on more childcare responsibilities, actively engaging in playing and spending time with their children.

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Unemployment's Health Impact

Unemployment can negatively impact physical health, increasing the rates of serious illnesses, drug addiction, and even deaths of despair.

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Age and Unemployment Impact

The effects of unemployment vary depending on age. Young adults, especially those not in education, employment, or training (NEET), are particularly vulnerable.

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Long-Term Effects of Early Unemployment

Lack of a job in early adulthood can have long-lasting negative consequences, potentially hindering a person's future opportunities and well-being.

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Gig Economy: Pros and Cons

The gig economy offers temporary, independent jobs, but often lacks benefits like regular wages and health insurance.

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Unemployment's Family Impact

Job loss can trigger a cascade of stress within families, affecting spouses, children, and even non-working adults.

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Stressors of Unemployment on Family

Unemployment can lead to increased parent stress, disrupted child care, behavioral issues in children, and difficulty with family meal routines.

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Unseen Costs of Unemployment

The impact of unemployment extends beyond the individual, affecting family dynamics, children's well-being, and potentially even their future.

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Unemployment and Health Insurance

The loss of a job often leads to a loss of health insurance, exacerbating the effect of unemployment on health and well-being.

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Study Notes

Generativity in Adulthood

  • Generativity is satisfied through parenthood, caregiving, and employment.
  • Traditionally, generativity involved raising biological offspring, but now includes stepchildren, foster children, and adopted children.
  • Intense parenting, focusing on a child's happiness and well-being, is common but can be challenging and emotionally taxing for parents.
  • Gender roles are changing, with more adults believing in equal roles for men and women in employment, housework, and childcare.
  • Parenthood now interacts with traditional gender norms and expectations for men and women.
  • Parents are more intensely involved with each child compared to previous generations.
  • Employment and family roles are also affected by changing technology, services, and economic factors.
  • More fathers are involved in childcare, and mothers are more likely to work outside the home.
  • Parents seek to instill a sense of history and heritage in children, especially in adoptive or interethnic families.
  • Stepparents face unique challenges when a new stepchild enters the family.
  • Fostering children involves the greatest challenge for generativity as it often means caregiving from strangers.
  • Non-biological parents face unique challenges.
  • Caregiving extends beyond the biological family and encompasses kin-keeping or caregiving extended family members.
  • Employment affects adult development, offering opportunities for expressing creative energy, supporting family, and feeling valued in a community.
  • Unemployment presents considerable challenges for mental and physical health.
  • Family needs and employment affect each other, with financial, social, and relational implications.
  • A strong psychological contract is crucial for effective work environments.
  • Balancing work and personal life is increasingly important for worker well-being and psychological health.
  • Work is central to healthy adulthood, offering numerous opportunities for generating an impactful society.
  • Employment-related issues and factors like workload and social integration are important.
  • Diverse work teams can enhance group efforts, requiring communication, coordination, and cooperation.
  • Diverse attitudes and opinions about modern life affect perceptions of satisfaction.

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Related Documents

Generativity: The Work of Adulthood PDF

Description

Explore the nuances of late adulthood and family relations through this quiz. Delve into topics such as generativity, co-residence, and the impact of grandparents on young families. Test your knowledge on the challenges and misconceptions surrounding multigenerational households.

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