Recent

  • Show all results for ""

🎧 New: AI-Generated Podcasts Turn your study notes into engaging audio conversations. Learn more

Evolution Quiz
23 Questions
0 Views

Evolution Quiz

Created by
@TollFreeHorse2475

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What are the observable facts about living organisms that establish evolution by natural selection?

  • Offspring production is random; traits do not vary among individuals; all traits confer the same rates of survival and reproduction; traits cannot be passed from generation to generation
  • Organisms always adapt to their physical and biological environments; traits are fixed and unchangeable; all offspring survive to adulthood; traits do not confer differential fitness
  • More offspring are often produced than can possibly survive; traits vary among individuals; different traits confer different rates of survival and reproduction; traits can be passed from generation to generation (correct)
  • Offspring production is exactly equal to the number that can survive; all individuals in a population have identical traits; all traits confer the same rates of survival and reproduction; traits cannot be passed from generation to generation

    • Who conceived the theory of evolution by natural selection independently in the mid-19th century?

  • Antonie van Leeuwenhoek and Carolus Linnaeus
  • Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace (correct)
  • Gregor Mendel and Thomas Hunt Morgan
  • Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch

    • What is the main result of evolutionary processes such as natural selection and genetic drift acting on genetic variation?

  • Complete elimination of genetic variation within a population
  • Rapid and unpredictable changes in genetic variation
  • No impact on the genetic variation within a population
  • Certain characteristics becoming more or less common within a population over successive generations (correct)

    • What has the process of evolution given rise to at every level of biological organisation?

    <p>Biodiversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process can generate new genes from an ancestral gene?

    <p>Gene duplication followed by mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the phenomenon called when new genes are generated from previously noncoding DNA?

    <p>De novo gene birth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of domains in the assembly of new genes?

    <p>Act as modules with simple independent functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do sexual organisms produce offspring with new combinations of alleles?

    <p>Through homologous recombination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does sex usually increase?

    <p>Genetic variation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first cost described by John Maynard Smith in sexually dimorphic species?

    <p>Only one of the two sexes can bear young</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process does not alter allele frequencies, but changes which alleles are associated with each other?

    <p>Recombination and reassortment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What disrupts the characteristic pattern of dark and light longitudinal stripes in wild boar piglets?

    <p>Mutations in the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which evolutionary processes shape the diversity of life on Earth?

    <p>Natural selection, genetic drift, mutation, and gene flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate age of the last universal common ancestor (LUCA) as evidenced by the fossil record?

    <p>3.5-3.8 billion years ago</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influences biodiversity patterns throughout evolutionary history?

    <p>Speciation, anagenesis, and extinction events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to reconstruct phylogenetic trees, with genetic sequences being a common method today?

    <p>Morphological and biochemical traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do evolutionary biologists use evidence from to study evolution?

    <p>Field, laboratory, and mathematical biology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines observable traits in heredity?

    <p>Genotype and phenotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What encodes genetic information and is passed from one generation to the next in heredity?

    <p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What leads to new alleles and genetic variation in heredity?

    <p>Mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What provides material for new gene evolution through duplication in heredity?

    <p>Extra copies of genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of mutations are changes in the DNA sequence in heredity?

    <p>Deleterious, neutral, or beneficial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines evolution as a change over time in genetic variation in heredity?

    <p>The phenotype of an organism resulting from its genotype and environmental influence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Modern Evolutionary Theory and Heredity

    • In the early 20th century, modern evolutionary theory emerged, combining ideas of evolution, Mendelian inheritance, and population genetics.
    • Evolutionary processes include natural selection, genetic drift, mutation, and gene flow, shaping the diversity of life on Earth.
    • All life shares a last universal common ancestor (LUCA) from 3.5-3.8 billion years ago, as evidenced by the fossil record.
    • Biodiversity patterns are influenced by speciation, anagenesis, and extinction events throughout evolutionary history.
    • Morphological and biochemical traits are used to reconstruct phylogenetic trees, with genetic sequences being a common method today.
    • Evolutionary biologists form hypotheses, construct theories, and use evidence from the field, laboratory, and mathematical biology to study evolution.
    • Heredity involves changes in heritable characteristics controlled by genes, with genotype and phenotype determining observable traits.
    • DNA encodes genetic information and is passed from one generation to the next, with mutations leading to new alleles and genetic variation.
    • Genetic variation arises from mutations, gene reshuffling through sexual reproduction, and migration between populations.
    • Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence, with some being deleterious, neutral, or beneficial, and playing a role in the evolution of new genes.
    • About half of mutations in protein-coding genes are deleterious, but extra copies of genes through duplication provide material for new gene evolution.
    • The phenotype of an organism results from its genotype and environmental influence, defining evolution as a change over time in genetic variation.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Test your knowledge of modern evolutionary theory and heredity with this quiz. Explore concepts such as natural selection, genetic drift, mutation, gene flow, speciation, phylogenetic trees, genetic sequences, DNA, genetic variation, mutations, and the relationship between genotype, phenotype, and environmental influence.

    More Quizzes Like This

    Evolution Quiz
    9 questions

    Evolution Quiz

    Quizgecko avatar
    Quizgecko
    Evolution Quiz
    5 questions

    Evolution Quiz: Test Your Knowledge on Evolutionary Concepts

    EngagingBeauty avatar
    EngagingBeauty
    Evolution Quiz
    10 questions

    Evolution Quiz

    BestKnownSwan avatar
    BestKnownSwan
    Evolution Quiz
    10 questions

    Evolution Quiz

    ProdigiousWonder899 avatar
    ProdigiousWonder899
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser