Evidence Based Practice Exam #1 Review
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Questions and Answers

What is Nursing Research?

The systematic, rigorous, logical investigation that aims to answer questions about nursing phenomena.

What is Clinical Nursing Research designed to do?

Generate evidence to guide nursing practice and to improve the quality of care.

What is Evidence-Based Practice?

The collection, interpretation, and integration of valid research evidence, combined with clinical expertise and an understanding of patient and family values and preferences to inform clinical decision making.

What is Clinical Decision Making?

<p>Nurses using best available evidence, combined with their clinical judgment and patient preferences to influence the nature and direction of healthcare delivery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Quality Improvement?

<p>The systematic use of data to monitor the outcomes of care processes and to design and test changes in practice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Nurses in research?

<p>Evaluate strengths &amp; weaknesses of research evidence and use existing standards to determine the merit &amp; readiness of research for use in clinical practice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Research, Evidence-Based Practice, and Quality Improvement Processes?

<p>Research uses specific methodology to test hypotheses, while Evidence-Based Practice uses completed studies to improve care and Quality Improvement focuses on monitoring and enhancing care processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Quantitative and Qualitative Research?

<p>Quantitative: Aims to test cause &amp; effect relationships using numeric data. Qualitative: Aims to understand the meaning of human experience using words.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Research Process?

<p>A series of steps of developing any kind of research, which can be qualitative, quantitative, or mixed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Systematic Review journal article?

<p>A summation &amp; assessment of a group of studies that used similar designs based on a focused clinical question.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Meta-Analysis journal article?

<p>A summary of a number of studies focused on a topic using a specific statistical methodology to synthesize findings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Meta-Synthesis journal article?

<p>Synthesis of a number of qualitative studies on a focused topic using specific qualitative methodology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is critical reading?

<p>Refers to a careful, active, reflective, analytic reading.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is critical thinking?

<p>Involves reflecting on the validity of what you have read in light of prior knowledge and understanding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an assessment of a group of research studies that test a similar research question?

<p>Systematic Review.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary source for literature review?

<p>Research articles and books by the original author.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of the consumer in the Literature Review?

<p>Answer a clinical question or solve a problem to improve patient outcomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the first three steps of the Evidence-Based Practice Process?

<p>Asking clinical questions, identifying and gathering evidence, critically appraising and synthesizing the evidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the criteria for examining feasibility of research question?

<p>Considerations include available time, population of interest, resources, experience, and ethical difficulties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of the Research Process?

<p>Research question and hypothesis, design and method, outcome of the analysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of the researcher in the Literature Review?

<p>Develop the knowledge foundation necessary to design a sound study and generate research questions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Theory in Nursing Research?

<p>A set of interrelated concepts that provides a systematic view of a phenomenon which allows relationships to be proposed and predictions made.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of theory is best to use when studying self-care habits of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus?

<p>Situation-specific theories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critique?

<p>The process of objectively &amp; critically evaluating a research report's content for scientific validity or merit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the critique of each reviewed study include?

<p>Strengths, weaknesses, limitations of the design, conflicts, and gaps in information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nursing Research

  • Systematic and logical investigation focused on nursing phenomena.
  • Aims to answer questions and generate evidence for nursing practice.

Clinical Nursing Research

  • Designed to improve care quality by generating evidence to guide nursing practices.

Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)

  • Integrates valid research evidence with clinical expertise and patient preferences.
  • Informs clinical decision-making processes.

Clinical Decision Making

  • Involves using available evidence and clinical judgment to guide healthcare delivery.
  • Focuses on patient preferences and outcome documentation for quality care.

Quality Improvement (QI)

  • Utilizes data to monitor healthcare outcomes and implement continuous improvements.
  • Aims to enhance the quality and safety of healthcare systems.

Nurses' Role in Research

  • Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of research evidence.
  • Determine the merit and readiness of research for clinical application.

Differences in Research Types

  • Research: Employs specific methodologies to test hypotheses.
  • Evidence-Based Practice and Quality Improvement: Leverage completed studies to enhance care.

Research Methodologies

  • Quantitative Research: Tests cause-effect relationships, involves large subject groups, and uses numeric data.
  • Qualitative Research: Explores human experiences, involves smaller groups, and employs subjective data.

Components of the Research Process

  • Comprises steps for developing research across qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods.

Types of Journal Articles

  • Systematic Review: Assesses a group of studies answering a clinical question.
  • Meta-Analysis: Synthesizes findings from numerous studies using statistical methods.
  • Integrative Review: Reviews literature without statistical analysis; combines qualitative and quantitative research.
  • Meta-Synthesis: Focuses on synthesizing qualitative studies on a specific topic.

Critical Reading and Thinking

  • Critical Reading: Involves active and reflective analysis of texts.
  • Critical Thinking: Evaluates the validity of what has been read against existing knowledge.

Understanding Levels of Critical Reading

  • Preliminary: Skimming abstracts and articles for initial familiarity.
  • Comprehensive: Grasping purpose and clarifying unfamiliar concepts.
  • Analysis: Critiquing validity and soundness of research.
  • Synthesis: Understanding the entire article and the research process.

Research Questions and Hypotheses

  • Established by defining problems and asking specific questions.
  • Characteristics of well-developed research questions include clear variable identification and the potential for empirical testing.

Evidence Hierarchy Model

  • Ranks evidence level according to study design.
  • Level I: Highest level, systematic reviews or meta-analyses of RCTs.
  • Level VII: Lowest level, opinions or reports from expert committees.

PICO Framework

  • Stands for Patient/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome.
  • Used to formulate research questions and clearly identify variables.

Research Variables

  • Independent Variable (IV): The presumed cause that affects the dependent variable.
  • Dependent Variable (DV): The presumed effect or outcome that responds to changes in the IV.

Theories in Nursing Research

  • Include Grand Nursing Theories (holistic views), Middle Range Nursing Theories (specific aspects), and Situation-Specific Theories (narrow focus).
  • Theoretical frameworks guide research and assist in understanding variable relationships.

Literature Review

  • A critical appraisal of existing literature, forming a foundation for research.
  • Aims to develop knowledge and generate research questions.

Evidence-Based Practice Process

  • Involves three initial steps: asking clinical questions, gathering evidence, and critically appraising the literature.

Critiquing Research

  • Includes assessing the significance and feasibility of research questions and evaluating study strengths, weaknesses, and limitations.

Application of Theory

  • Involves using theoretical frameworks to guide research and identify intentions to generate or test theories.

Sources for Evidence-Based Practice

  • Cochrane Systematic Review is a primary source of comprehensive information.

Assessment of Research

  • Review entails examining the validity and applicability of research, encompassing strength, limitation, and conflict analysis.

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Prepare for your Evidence Based Practice Exam with these flashcards. This quiz will help you understand key concepts such as Nursing Research, Clinical Nursing Research, and the principles of Evidence-Based Practice, all critical for improving nursing care quality.

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