30 Questions
Which year was etomidate introduced?
1972
What is the chemical name of etomidate?
Esr1 alpha methyl benzene imidazole five carboxylic
Is etomidate water-soluble?
Yes
What is the pH of the propylene glycol solution?
8
What is the osmolarity of the propylene glycol solution?
High
What is the stability of etomidate in water?
Unstable
What is the formulation of etomidate in a clear eco solution?
Propylene glycol
What percentage of propylene glycol is present in the solution?
35%
Is etomidate a racemic mixture?
No
What are the adverse effects of the propylene glycol solution?
High osmolarity
Which of the following is true about the elimination half-life of etomidate?
It is two point four to five hours
What is the main mechanism of metabolism for etomidate?
Ester hydrolysis and endi alkalization in the liver
How does etomidate affect the central nervous system?
It produces a rapid loss of consciousness
What effect does etomidate have on the cardiovascular system?
It causes a decrease in blood pressure and heart rate
How does etomidate affect the respiratory system?
It inhibits hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction
What effect does etomidate have on the hepatorenal system?
It causes significant effect on hepatorenal function
What effect does etomidate have on the immune system?
It inhibits steroid production
What adverse effect is associated with etomidate?
Adrenal cortical suppression
What is the recommended use of etomidate during labor and obstetric delivery?
It is not recommended
What is the most common adverse effect of etomidate during recovery?
Involuntary movements
Etomidate is used for the induction of general anesthesia in adults and children because it leads to rapid loss of consciousness within one and brain circulation time.
Etomidate is not used for the induction of general anesthesia.
Which statement about etomidate is correct?
Etomidate has a high cardiovascular stability.
What is the contraindication for the use of etomidate?
Profile
What is the mechanism of action of etomidate?
It enhances inhibitory synaptic transmission by activation of the chloride channel.
What is the IV dose of etomidate for obese patients?
0.3 milligrams per kg
What is the volume of distribution of etomidate?
2 to 4
Etomidate is contraindicated for the maintenance of anesthesia and long-term infusions for sedation in intensive care due to its effects on steroid metabolism.
Etomidate can be used for the maintenance of anesthesia.
Etomidate has a reduced adrenal cortical suppression due to its modified imidazole ring.
Etomidate has a high adrenal cortical suppression.
Etomidate does not trigger malignant hyperthermia.
Etomidate has no effect on malignant hyperthermia.
Etomidate is administered in a large ring to reduce the incidence of pain on injection.
Etomidate is administered in a small ring to reduce the incidence of pain on injection.
Study Notes
Introduction to Etomidate
- Etomidate was introduced in the year 1983.
- The chemical name of etomidate is R-(+)-ethyl-1-(1-phenylethyl)-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate.
Physical Properties and Formulation
- Etomidate is not water-soluble.
- The propylene glycol solution has a pH of 6.0.
- The osmolarity of the propylene glycol solution is 4650 osm/L.
- Etomidate is formulated in a clear eco solution with 35% propylene glycol.
Pharmacology
- Etomidate is a racemic mixture.
- The stability of etomidate in water is poor.
- The main mechanism of metabolism for etomidate is hepatic metabolism.
- Etomidate affects the central nervous system by inducing rapid loss of consciousness.
- Etomidate reduces cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption.
Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems
- Etomidate has minimal effects on the cardiovascular system.
- Etomidate can cause apnea, especially in patients with pre-existing respiratory disease.
Hepatorenal and Immune Systems
- Etomidate has minimal effects on the hepatorenal system.
- Etomidate suppresses the immune system, particularly the adrenal cortex.
Adverse Effects and Contraindications
- Adverse effects of the propylene glycol solution include pain, thrombophlebitis, and hypertension.
- Etomidate is contraindicated for the maintenance of anesthesia and long-term infusions for sedation in intensive care.
- The recommended use of etomidate during labor and obstetric delivery is contraindicated.
- The most common adverse effect of etomidate during recovery is nausea and vomiting.
Clinical Use and Dosing
- Etomidate is used for the induction of general anesthesia in adults and children.
- The IV dose of etomidate for obese patients is 0.3 mg/kg.
- The volume of distribution of etomidate is 1.5-5.5 L/kg.
Test your knowledge on the chemistry and properties of the anesthetic drug etomidate in this informative quiz. Learn about its chemical structure, solubility, and formulation.
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