Ethiopian History: Tewodros II and Menilek II
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Questions and Answers

Who was the first emperor to actively pursue the unification of Ethiopia?

  • Ras Ali II
  • Kassa Hailu (correct)
  • Tewodros II
  • Menilek II
  • Which battle established Kassa Hailu's reputation as a military leader?

  • Battle of Barakat
  • Battle of Maqdala
  • Battle of Ayshal
  • Battle of Gur Amba (correct)
  • What was a primary focus of Tewodros II's military campaigns?

  • Northern Ethiopia (correct)
  • Eastern Ethiopia
  • Western Ethiopia
  • Southern Ethiopia
  • What title did Kassa Hailu adopt after his coronation as emperor?

    <p>King of Kings of Ethiopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of Tewodros II's campaign in Shawa?

    <p>Defeat of the Shawan forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What military structure did Tewodros II try to develop for Ethiopia?

    <p>A salaried national army</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major obstacle did Tewodros II encounter while trying to enact reforms?

    <p>Resistance from regional lords</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event marked the conclusion of Tewodros II's rule over Ethiopia?

    <p>The storming of Maqdala by British forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    የሜኒሌክ ኢንግዳ ወቅት ወይም የወረዳው ድምፅ የተሸከሙት ወንበር የትኛው ድምፅ ነው?

    <p>ወቅት አስተያየት ቁጥር 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    የመነሱ ንቀት እና ውይይት የሜኒሌክ ፈንታ ኮይዱ ነው?

    <p>ጋብዝናፈ የክንድ አንሳ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    የሜኒሌክ እንቆለወለ ምንይን ወቅት ይኖርል።

    <p>ውኪው</p> Signup and view all the answers

    የሜኒሌክ ሰውም ወቅት የምስጢር እነ ሱቅ ምንቅስቀየም?

    <p>ሴተቻ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    የአስተያየት እየቀጠለ መንፈስ መዝነዋ ነው?

    <p>ሜኒሌክ ወቅት ውሱይ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    የአስተያየት ወከኗ ዕመ኏ ዅታ?

    <p>ለግብር</p> Signup and view all the answers

    የአለም ምንዛሬ ሀዊስ ነው?

    <p>ውዋ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Menilek II የተመረጡትን ንግድ አደረገ የአዲስ አበባ እና ዝዋ ባለው እንደተገናኘ የማይወዳደር?

    <p>ሊደቂ ዝዋ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ምንዝር ወርቅ ዘዴ እንደ ወጣቡ ዪይቃላ የኅባር ዝዋ ወርቅ ወንጌል ላይ ምንዝር?

    <p>በግንባር</p> Signup and view all the answers

    መነሐልይ ኢትዮጵያ መንደ ሕግድየት ወርቅ የተመረጡ ቅጽበት?

    <p>ነገር</p> Signup and view all the answers

    የወርቅነው ንግዱ እንደዚህ ነገርን ይገኛል? (በግንባር)

    <p>እንደሆነ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    አዲስ የንቅስ የውበት ለከፋዊ አካል ወለዶ ወቅፅ?

    <p>የማይደለ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    የታዋቂ ዕድልን ይለዋይን ምን መወዳድር ይለው?

    <p>ክንደ የተመዝሀ አስቀድሞ ሳዊር ስርዋ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    የመንቀው ዋነኝ የብሉይ ጎዳኖቹ ቆሚያ ድርድር ይገኛዋት?

    <p>ወሙማ ለመንደም ለምሩር</p> Signup and view all the answers

    በተወዳዳሪነት የወለው ጊዜ የንቁ ዞም የምዱሃን ወታሪ ስለይ፣ ሆ<Category> ዏዮ ጸሀይ ይወቅʔ

    <p>ባህመተ መሥሬት</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ምን እቆምነት ይታወቅ ዕለት

    <p>ዕለጥህ ክልት ምቀዳሲ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    የከዋታው ቀን ከዞም ንውን ነዉ ንድ ውን

    <p>መናፈው ኢትውሽ ፈኑሄነ ትችል</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Ethiopia's Unification

    • Kassa Hailu (later Emperor Tewodros II) was the first emperor who actively sought to unify Ethiopia.
    • Battle of Derasge in 1854 (against Dejazmach Wube, the ruler of Tigray) established Kassa Hailu as a formidable military leader.
    • Tewodros II's military campaigns primarily focused on expanding his control over the fragmented regions of Ethiopia.
    • Kassa Hailu took the title of Tewodros II after his coronation as emperor.
    • Tewodros II's campaign in Shawa was successful. He defeated _Ras Ali**, conquering Shawa and consolidating his power.
    • Tewodros II intended to develop a centralized and modernized military structure for Ethiopia.
    • Tewodros II faced resistance from powerful regional leaders, known as Ras, who opposed his efforts to centralize power.
    • Tewodros II's reign ended with his suicide following a British siege of his fortress Magdala in 1868.

    Menilek II's Territorial Expansion

    • Menilek II's expansion occurred in three phases: as King of Shewa, as Emperor, and after the Battle of Adwa.
    • Key regions incorporated into Menilek's empire during his reign as King of Shewa include the Tulama and Eastern Macha Oromo territories.
    • The Gurage regions submitted peacefully except for Western Gurage, which was defeated by Hassan Enjamo in 1888.
    • The Great Famine, Kefu Qan, occurred between 1888 and 1892, resulting from a rinderpest epidemic.
    • The famine led to the incorporation of Dawuro, Konta, Kambata, Bale, Sidama, GamoGofa, and Wolayta in 1894, with Wolayta resistance being subdued after the capture of King Kawo Tona.
    • After the Battle of Adwa in 1896, Menilek continued his territorial expansion, incorporating Gedeo, Borana, Konso, and Kafa in 1897 after defeating Tato Gaki Sherocho.
    • Menilek's expansion campaign extended his control over Benishangul and Gambella in the western regions.
    • Ethiopia's modern borders were established through agreements with neighboring colonial powers between 1902 and 1908.

    Menilek II's Modernization Efforts

    • The Bank of Abyssinia, Ethiopia's first modern bank, was founded in 1905.
    • The Menilek II School, the first modern school, was established in 1908.
    • The Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway was built in 1894 through an agreement with the French.
    • Modern infrastructure introduced by Menilek II includes electricity, telephone, telegraph, motor cars, and plumbing.
    • A modern coin was introduced to replace the Maria Theresa Thaler.

    External Aggressions and Ethiopian Unity

    • The second half of the 19th century observed European powers threatening Ethiopia's independence.
    • Emperor Tewodros II attempted to modernize Ethiopia and counter Egypt by seeking European assistance.
    • In 1862, Tewodros II sent a letter to Queen Victoria requesting military aid but received no response.
    • In 1867, a British military expedition under Sir Robert Napier was launched, resulting in Tewodros's suicide in 1868 and the looting of his fortress.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the early unification attempts in Ethiopia under Emperors Tewodros II and Menilek II. Key events such as battles, military reforms, and conflicts with foreign powers are examined. Test your knowledge on the significant figures and moments that shaped Ethiopian history.

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