Tewodros II and Reformation in Ethiopia
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Questions and Answers

What was Tewodros II's main ambition?

  • To become the ruler of Shewa
  • To control the British Expedition to Abyssinia
  • To establish a cohesive Ethiopian state (correct)
  • To expand the regional nobility
  • Why did Tewodros II bring up Menelik II as his own son?

  • To keep him away from Shewa
  • To weaken the Shewan prince's influence
  • To ensure his loyalty and support (correct)
  • To prepare him for the Battle of Magdala
  • What title did the ruler of Shewa style himself as during the Era of the Princes?

  • Emperor
  • Negus (correct)
  • King of Kings
  • Sultan
  • Why did Tewodros II face constant rebellions in other regions?

    <p>Stiffnecked nobles not understanding the benefits of modernization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome for Tewodros II at the Battle of Magdala?

    <p>He committed suicide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Menelik II's eventual position in Ethiopian history?

    <p>Emperor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Tewodros II's Ambitions

    • Aimed for the unification of Ethiopia, seeking to centralize power and establish a strong, centralized monarchy.
    • Desired to restore Ethiopia’s historical glory and establish a powerful, independent state free from foreign influence.

    Relationship with Menelik II

    • Tewodros II adopted Menelik II and promoted him as his own son to ensure loyalty and strengthen ties with the Shewan nobility.
    • This adoption was a strategic move to legitimize his rule, aiming to foster unity among various Ethiopian factions.

    Ruler of Shewa's Title

    • During the Era of the Princes, the ruler of Shewa, who later became Menelik II, styled himself as "King of Kings" (Negusa Nagast), asserting autonomy and power for the region.
    • The title emphasized the hierarchical structure of Ethiopian nobility and the importance of regional kings maintaining authority.

    Rebellions Faced by Tewodros II

    • Faced constant rebellions due to opposition from regional lords who resisted centralized control and sought to maintain local power.
    • His aggressive military campaigns and heavy taxation policies alienated many factions, leading to widespread dissent and uprisings.

    Outcome at the Battle of Magdala

    • Tewodros II was ultimately defeated by British forces at the Battle of Magdala in 1868.
    • The defeat marked a significant turning point, leading to his eventual suicide after being cornered, which effectively ended his reign.

    Menelik II's Position in History

    • Menelik II emerged as a key figure in Ethiopian history, later becoming Emperor and known for his role in modernizing the country and defeating Italian forces at the Battle of Adwa in 1896.
    • Recognized for expanding Ethiopia's borders and establishing it as a symbol of African independence during the scramble for Africa.

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    Test your knowledge of Tewodros II, his ambitions to re-establish a cohesive Ethiopian state, reform its administration and church, and restore Solomonic hegemony.

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