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Questions and Answers
What was Tewodros II's main ambition?
Why did Tewodros II bring up Menelik II as his own son?
What title did the ruler of Shewa style himself as during the Era of the Princes?
Why did Tewodros II face constant rebellions in other regions?
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What was the outcome for Tewodros II at the Battle of Magdala?
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What was Menelik II's eventual position in Ethiopian history?
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Study Notes
Tewodros II's Ambitions
- Aimed for the unification of Ethiopia, seeking to centralize power and establish a strong, centralized monarchy.
- Desired to restore Ethiopia’s historical glory and establish a powerful, independent state free from foreign influence.
Relationship with Menelik II
- Tewodros II adopted Menelik II and promoted him as his own son to ensure loyalty and strengthen ties with the Shewan nobility.
- This adoption was a strategic move to legitimize his rule, aiming to foster unity among various Ethiopian factions.
Ruler of Shewa's Title
- During the Era of the Princes, the ruler of Shewa, who later became Menelik II, styled himself as "King of Kings" (Negusa Nagast), asserting autonomy and power for the region.
- The title emphasized the hierarchical structure of Ethiopian nobility and the importance of regional kings maintaining authority.
Rebellions Faced by Tewodros II
- Faced constant rebellions due to opposition from regional lords who resisted centralized control and sought to maintain local power.
- His aggressive military campaigns and heavy taxation policies alienated many factions, leading to widespread dissent and uprisings.
Outcome at the Battle of Magdala
- Tewodros II was ultimately defeated by British forces at the Battle of Magdala in 1868.
- The defeat marked a significant turning point, leading to his eventual suicide after being cornered, which effectively ended his reign.
Menelik II's Position in History
- Menelik II emerged as a key figure in Ethiopian history, later becoming Emperor and known for his role in modernizing the country and defeating Italian forces at the Battle of Adwa in 1896.
- Recognized for expanding Ethiopia's borders and establishing it as a symbol of African independence during the scramble for Africa.
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Description
Test your knowledge of Tewodros II, his ambitions to re-establish a cohesive Ethiopian state, reform its administration and church, and restore Solomonic hegemony.
