Ethical Research Principles and Guidelines

<p>Both the researchers and those they supervise (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protection of privacy, confidentiality, or anonymity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide information about the research and address any concerns (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The risk-benefit rule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The BACB specifically mentions the Federal Animal Welfare Act, while the APA does not. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Replication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A researcher makes claims about their findings without providing any supporting evidence. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure the accuracy and soundness of scientific publications. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To confirm or challenge previous research findings. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reliance on anecdotal evidence and personal beliefs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A researcher changes the data in their experiment to get the results they want. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By subjecting research findings to scrutiny and verification. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maintaining excellent grades (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sunk cost effect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Realizing they made a bad decision (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By implementing performance-based rewards (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They will continue to invest in hopes of a higher return. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Predicting future decisions based on past investments. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Initial investments can psychologically justify continued investments. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enact (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Researchers should perform a cost-benefit analysis before beginning a study. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Confidentiality (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A participant expresses concern about their own safety. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Accuracy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Not making up results or manipulating data. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When a participant reports an intention to harm themselves or others. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sharing data with other researchers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Placebo effect (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Availability heuristic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By skewing perception towards notable past events (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability to recall unfinished tasks easily (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ignoring information that contradicts existing beliefs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By causing an improvement in symptoms due to belief in the therapy's effectiveness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Availability heuristic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It leads individuals to favor information that aligns with their views (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Remembering only positive feedback from a boss after receiving mixed reviews. (A), Forgetting the times the car had no mechanical issues during maintenance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The impact of vivid memories in shaping perceptions of risk. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>People tend to ignore any information that disproves their views. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A patient feels better after being treated with a sugar pill. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can lead to biased perceptions based on individual experiences. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Availability heuristic. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Information that contradicts their beliefs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Believing flying is dangerous after hearing about a plane crash. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Keeping participant information private; others cannot identify individual data.

No identifying characteristics of participants are recorded; researchers cannot identify them.

Can be violated if there's intent to harm self/others, abuse, or participant is a minor.

Weighing benefits and costs of research while minimizing harm to participants.

Commitment to knowledge, professionalism, and honest communication of risks to participants.

Researchers must be honest & cannot fabricate or manipulate data.

Fair treatment of participants, free from bias, ensuring they benefit from the findings.

Maintaining confidentiality and anonymity of participants in research.

Different assumptions about gratuity from split vs. whole bills.

Key attributes include objectivity, replicability, and peer review.

Data and methods accessible to other scientists for verification.

Ability to reproduce results using the same methods by others.

Evaluation by independent experts before publication.

Publishing all experimental data for wider scrutiny.

Crimes in research includes data falsification and plagiarism.

Manipulating research data to mislead results.

Ensuring safety from physical and psychological damage in research.

Maintaining confidentiality and anonymity of research subjects.

Evaluating the potential risks against the benefits of research.

Explaining the study's purpose and methods to participants post-research.

Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee overseeing animal research ethics.

Guidelines ensuring humane treatment and lawful care of research animals.

Behavior analysts must follow humane treatment standards under the Animal Welfare Act.

Researchers must comply with regulations for animal care and use in studies.

The tendency to remember information that supports one's beliefs while forgetting contrary information.

Recalling only certain pieces of information that align with personal views or fears.

Concerns like job satisfaction or car maintenance highlight confirmation bias.

Failing to recall positive experiences that contradict one's fears or anxieties.

People often focus on information that fits their views while ignoring the rest.

Relying on immediate examples that come to mind, shaping perceptions of reality.

Improvement based on the expectation that a treatment will work, not its actual efficacy.

Reliance on individual anecdotes, which can mislead due to availability bias.

A process of distributing resources or rewards based on performance.

The internal or external factors that stimulate desire and energy in an individual.

The tendency to continue investing in a decision based on previous investments.

To outline how prior investments lead to further investments.

Anticipating continued investment due to initial money or effort spent.

Rationale that past expenses justify ongoing investment.

Using the concept in real-world scenarios, like business ventures.

A strategy to encourage behavior by providing a reward.

Clara believed cupping therapy would make her feel better, highlighting a psychological effect despite it being ineffective.

Worrying about work dissatisfaction or car maintenance based on salient worries rather than reality.

The new family mistakenly believes Phoenix is rainy due to their initial experiences, despite its dry climate.

Traits distinguishing pseudoscience from legitimate science, often lacking empirical support or scientific validity.

The phenomenon where uncompleted tasks are remembered better than completed ones.