20 Questions
What is the primary mode of transmission for Epstein-Barr virus?
Through mouth secretions
What is the characteristic symptom of infectious mononucleosis?
All of the above
Which cells are primarily affected by Epstein-Barr virus?
B cells
What is the role of cytotoxic T cells in response to Epstein-Barr virus infection?
They directly kill infected B cells
What is the typical age range for infectious mononucleosis to occur?
Adolescents and young adults
What is the name of the receptor that Epstein-Barr virus binds to infect B cells?
CD21
What is the characteristic rash associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection?
Maculopapular rash
What is the increased risk factor for certain types of cancer in individuals with weakened immune systems?
All of the above
What is the term for the proliferation of T cells in response to Epstein-Barr virus infection?
Reactive lymphocytosis
What is the characteristic laboratory finding in infectious mononucleosis?
Presence of heterophil antibodies
What is the form of DNA that the Epstein-Barr virus consists of?
Double-stranded DNA
How is the Epstein-Barr virus primarily spread?
Through mouth secretions when people kiss
What is the term for the swollen lymph nodes in the neck associated with infectious mononucleosis?
Posterior cervical lymphadenopathy
What is the type of immune cell that is primarily affected by the Epstein-Barr virus?
B cells
What is the term for the abnormal increase in the number of T cells in response to EBV infection?
Lymphocytosis
What is the name of the receptor on B cells that the Epstein-Barr virus binds to in order to infect them?
CD21
What is the characteristic rash associated with infectious mononucleosis and ampicillin treatment?
Maculopapular rash
What is the increased risk factor for certain types of cancer in individuals with weakened immune systems?
All of the above
What is the term for the spleen becoming enlarged in response to Epstein-Barr virus infection?
Splenomegaly
What is the difference in presentation between infectious mononucleosis and strep pharyngitis?
Age of onset
Study Notes
Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
- EBV is a double-stranded DNA virus that causes infectious mononucleosis.
- It is spread through mouth secretions, also known as the "kissing disease".
Infectious Mononucleosis
- Symptoms include fever, tender lymphadenopathy in the posterior cervical region, and reactive lymphocytosis (also known as downy cells).
- The virus targets B lymphocytes, and T cells proliferate, causing splenomegaly.
Immune Response
- Cytotoxic T cells (TH8) are involved in the immune response.
- T cells bind to CD21, a receptor for complement component CD3, to infect B cells.
Clinical Features
- Pharyngitis is a common symptom, with tonsillar exudates present.
- Mono occurs in late teens and adulthood, whereas strep pharyngitis is more often seen in children.
- A maculopapular rash can develop with penicillin treatment, especially with amoxicillin and ampicillin.
Cancer Risk
- EBV is an increased risk factor for three cancers:
- B cell lymphoma (in weakened immune systems)
- Burkitt lymphoma (in African populations)
- Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (in Asian populations)
Other Complications
- Oral hairy leukoplakia can occur in HIV patients, but it is not a precancerous lesion.
- Monospot IgG test is used to diagnose EBV during acute infection, which secretes heterophile sheep antibodies that agglutinate.
Precautions
- Contact sports should be avoided due to the risk of splenic rupture.
Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
- EBV is a double-stranded DNA virus that causes infectious mononucleosis.
- It is spread through mouth secretions, also known as the "kissing disease".
Infectious Mononucleosis
- Symptoms include fever, tender lymphadenopathy in the posterior cervical region, and reactive lymphocytosis (also known as downy cells).
- The virus targets B lymphocytes, and T cells proliferate, causing splenomegaly.
Immune Response
- Cytotoxic T cells (TH8) are involved in the immune response.
- T cells bind to CD21, a receptor for complement component CD3, to infect B cells.
Clinical Features
- Pharyngitis is a common symptom, with tonsillar exudates present.
- Mono occurs in late teens and adulthood, whereas strep pharyngitis is more often seen in children.
- A maculopapular rash can develop with penicillin treatment, especially with amoxicillin and ampicillin.
Cancer Risk
- EBV is an increased risk factor for three cancers:
- B cell lymphoma (in weakened immune systems)
- Burkitt lymphoma (in African populations)
- Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (in Asian populations)
Other Complications
- Oral hairy leukoplakia can occur in HIV patients, but it is not a precancerous lesion.
- Monospot IgG test is used to diagnose EBV during acute infection, which secretes heterophile sheep antibodies that agglutinate.
Precautions
- Contact sports should be avoided due to the risk of splenic rupture.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
