Enzymes in Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis Summary Quiz

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What is the primary energy source for the brain, skeletal muscle, and red blood cells?

Propionate

Glucose (correct)

Alanine

Glycerol

What is the purpose of gluconeogenesis in the liver and kidneys?

To synthesize glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors (correct)

To break down glucose into energy

To convert glucose into lactate

To store glucose in the form of glycogen

What are some examples of non-carbohydrate precursors used in gluconeogenesis?

Lactate, pyruvate, glucogenic amino acids, glycerol, and propionate (correct)

Alanine, aspartate, and glucose

Glycerol, propionate, and ketone bodies

Lactate, pyruvate, and glucose

Why is gluconeogenesis necessary during periods of starvation or fasting?

To provide energy to the brain and nervous system Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated daily glucose requirement of the brain?

120 g/day Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Cori cycle?

To prevent lactate accumulation in muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of the breakdown of triacylglycerols in adipose tissue?

Glycerol and fatty acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of bond that creates branches in glycogen?

α-1,6-glycosidic bond Signup and view all the answers

What is the net energy cost of gluconeogenesis?

6 ATP molecules Signup and view all the answers

What happens to glucose after absorption in the well-fed state?

It is stored as glycogen in the liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the intermediate molecule in the conversion of glycerol to glucose?

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate to PEP in the gluconeogenesis pathway?

Pyruvate carboxylase Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for converting fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to fructose-6-phosphate in the gluconeogenic pathway?

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase Signup and view all the answers

What are the non-carbohydrate precursors that can be converted to pyruvate and considered glucogenic?

Lactate and alanine Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following enzymes is NOT involved in the gluconeogenesis process?

Pyruvate kinase Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the energy cost of gluconeogenesis is true?

Overall, glucose synthesis in gluconeogenesis requires 4 ATP, 2 GTP, and 2 NADH. Signup and view all the answers

What enzyme catalyzes the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to glucose in the liver and kidney?

Glucose-6-phosphatase Signup and view all the answers