Enzyme Activators and Inhibitors Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What term comes from the Latin Fermentatio and is used to describe the process of fermentation?

  • Ferment (correct)
  • Hydrolysis
  • Ribonuclease
  • Enzyme

What is the direct evidence of the protein nature of enzymes?

  • Laboratory synthesis of ribonuclease (correct)
  • Extraction from solutions in the form of protein crystals
  • Boiling causing denaturation of enzymes
  • Presence of cofactors

Which type of enzymes consists only of the polypeptide chain without any cofactors?

  • Complex enzymes
  • Ribonuclease, phosphatase (correct)
  • Conjugative proteins
  • Pepsin, trypsin, urease

What happens to enzymes under the action of boiling?

<p>They lose their catalytic activity and denature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are cofactors required for in enzymes?

<p>To help enzymes perform their catalytic function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for the protein part of conjugative proteins in enzymes?

<p>Apoenzyme (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis for dividing inhibitors into reversible and irreversible?

<p>Strength of the bond between inhibitor and enzyme (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does competitive inhibition differ from non-competitive inhibition?

<p>Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site; non-competitive bind to allosteric sites (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In competitive inhibition, what effect does increasing the concentration of the substrate have?

<p>Reduces or eliminates the inhibition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is used as an example for competitive inhibition in the text?

<p>Succinate dehydrogenase dehydrogenates succinate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do sulfonamides act as competitive inhibitors in bacterial metabolism?

<p>By replacing para-aminobenzoic acid in enzyme complexes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the degree of inhibition in competitive inhibition?

<p>The ratio of concentrations of inhibitor and substrate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mechanism of action for feedback inhibition in enzymes?

<p>Binding to the allosteric center of the enzyme (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Congress approved the modern classification and nomenclature of enzymes in 1961?

<p>The International Union of Biochemistry Congress in Moscow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of oxidoreductases among the six major classes of enzymes?

<p>They catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which coenzyme is commonly found in oxidoreductases along with NAD+?

<p>NADP+ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of reactions do transferases catalyze?

<p>Intermolecular transfer reactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of residue do phosphotransferases carry?

<p>Phosphoric acid residue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the enzyme activity?

<p>The velocity of the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme under standard conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an International Unit (IU) of enzyme activity?

<p>Amount of enzyme activity that catalyzes the conversion of 1 micromole of substance per minute (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is enzyme activity expressed in katal (kat)?

<p>1 kat denotes conversion of 1 mole of substrate per second (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two basic ways to control the rate of enzymatic reactions mentioned in the text?

<p>Control of the enzyme amount and control of substrate amount (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ions are mentioned as activators for enzymes in the text?

<p>Calcium ions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What activates α-amylase in saliva according to the text?

<p>Chloride ions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common name for diseases that develop as a result of the absence or decreased activity of certain enzymes?

<p>Enzimopathy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many types of enzymopathy are mentioned in the text?

<p>Two (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of toxic enzymopathy according to the text?

<p>Anemia in children (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme deficiency is associated with hereditary enzymopathies?

<p>$\gamma$-glutamyltransferase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause nutritional enzymopathy according to the text?

<p>Prolonged lack of protein in the diet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many hereditary enzymopathies are mentioned in the text?

<p>Exactly 150 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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