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Endothelial Cell Injury and Monocyte Emigration Quiz

12 Questions

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Endothelial Cell Injury and Monocyte Emigration Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a risk factor that can damage the endothelium?

Exercise

Smoking (correct)

Low LDL levels

Vitamin C

What happens to monocytes after they attach to the endothelium?

They migrate into the intimal layer (correct)

They release antithrombotic cytokines

They transform into smooth muscle cells

They leave the endothelium

What is formed when macrophages consume oxidized LDLs?

Inflammatory cytokines

Smooth muscle cells

Foam cells (correct)

Platelet aggregates

What is the result of smooth muscle proliferation?

<p>The vessel lumen becomes smaller</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to LDLs when they penetrate intact endothelium?

<p>They quickly oxidize into proinflammatory lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of oxidized LDLs on monocyte migration?

<p>Oxidized LDLs attract more monocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for monocyte emigration into the intimal layer?

<p>As a direct result of endothelial cell injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of endothelial injury on its function?

<p>Loss of ability to produce antithrombotic and vasodilating cytokines</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hemodynamic factors in atherosclerosis?

<p>They promote the formation of atherosclerotic lesions in areas of turbulent flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of oxidized LDLs on the vessel lumen?

<p>It decreases in size due to smooth muscle proliferation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of platelets in atherosclerosis?

<p>They aggregate and adhere to the site of injury, leading to smooth muscle proliferation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the positive feedback situation in atherosclerosis?

<p>Increased endothelial injury and advanced atherogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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