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Questions and Answers
What is the primary reason for most endogenous pararetroviral elements (EPREs) in plant genomes being non-infective?
What is the primary reason for most endogenous pararetroviral elements (EPREs) in plant genomes being non-infective?
What has been identified within several loci in rice genome databases, indicating integration into the host genome?
What has been identified within several loci in rice genome databases, indicating integration into the host genome?
What seems to have generated endogenous RTBV in rice genomes?
What seems to have generated endogenous RTBV in rice genomes?
What has been identified as the infectious agent of rice tungro diseases independent of its endogenous pararetroviral elements (EPREs)?
What has been identified as the infectious agent of rice tungro diseases independent of its endogenous pararetroviral elements (EPREs)?
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What do genomic sequences of Solanum lycopersicum and S. habrochaites reveal about their endogenous pararetroviral elements (EPREs)?
What do genomic sequences of Solanum lycopersicum and S. habrochaites reveal about their endogenous pararetroviral elements (EPREs)?
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What type of viral sequences have extensively colonized the genomes of two monocotyledonous and 19 dicotyledonous plant species?
What type of viral sequences have extensively colonized the genomes of two monocotyledonous and 19 dicotyledonous plant species?
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What are endogenous non-retroviral elements (ENREs) predominantly matching in host plant genomes?
What are endogenous non-retroviral elements (ENREs) predominantly matching in host plant genomes?
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What type of nucleotide sequences have been identified in grape and Medicago truncatula genomic databases?
What type of nucleotide sequences have been identified in grape and Medicago truncatula genomic databases?
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What has been discovered in host genomes resulting from promiscuous integration of multiple repeats of the geminivirus initiation (Rep) sequence?
What has been discovered in host genomes resulting from promiscuous integration of multiple repeats of the geminivirus initiation (Rep) sequence?
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Study Notes
Endogenous Viral Elements in Plant Genomes
- Most endogenous pararetroviral elements (EPREs) in plant genomes are non-infective due to fragmentation by deletions, mutations, or epigenetic modifications.
- Rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) DNA segments have been identified within several loci in rice genome databases, indicating integration into the host genome.
- Endogenous RTBV seems to have been generated by transcription from tandemly arranged integrants or by recombination from fragmented integrants in rice genomes.
- RTBV has been identified as the infectious agent of rice tungro diseases independent of its EPREs.
- Genomic sequences of Solanum lycopersicum and S. habrochaites reveal sequence similarity between their EPREs, named LycEPRVs, indicating potential derivation from one pararetrovirus.
- TA simple sequence repeats from endogenous florendoviruses have extensively colonized the genomes of two monocotyledonous and 19 dicotyledonous plant species.
- Endogenous non-retroviral elements (ENREs) in host plant genomes are derived from segmented and rearranged viral sequences of dsRNA, ssDNA, or ssRNA viruses.
- ENREs predominantly match RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP)-like, movement protein (MP)-like, and coat protein (CP)-like sequences of dsRNA viruses.
- Host plant genomes contain sequences from negative-ssRNA [ss(-)RNA] viruses, homologous to CP-like sequences of cytorhabdovirus and varicosavirus.
- Nucleotide sequences homologous to CP gene and 3′-UTR of a potyvirus or to a portion of CP and MP genes of cucumber mosaic virus have been identified in grape and Medicago truncatula genomic databases.
- Repetitive geminivirus-related DNA (GRD) sequences have been discovered in host genomes, resulting from promiscuous integration of multiple repeats of the geminivirus initiation (Rep) sequence.
- Few studies have focused on the benefits of virus latent infection and endogenous viral elements (EVEs) for host plants or the mutualistic symbioses between these and their host organisms.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the presence and characteristics of endogenous viral elements (EVEs) in plant genomes, including their origins, potential implications, and types of viral sequences found. Learn about the integration of virus DNA segments into host genomes and the potential benefits of virus latent infection for host plants.
