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Questions and Answers
Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating glandular growth in breast tissue during pregnancy?
What is the primary regulatory mechanism for the release of Anti-Diuretic Hormone (ADH)?
Which of the following actions is NOT associated with Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)?
Which hormone's release is primarily stimulated by suckling during breastfeeding?
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What triggers the secretion of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)?
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What effects does Anti-Diuretic Hormone (ADH) have on the kidney?
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What is one of the primary actions of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) in males?
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Which hormone is primarily involved in regulating the growth of the thyroid gland and the synthesis of thyroid hormones?
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Which of the following hormones is NOT secreted by the anterior pituitary?
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Which situation is likely to stimulate the release of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH)?
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Study Notes
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
- Secreted by thyrotrophs in the anterior pituitary.
- Stimulates thyroid gland growth, hormone synthesis, and hormone release.
- Release stimulated by thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) from the hypothalamus.
- TRH release occurs in response to low T3/T4 levels, decreased metabolism, cold stress, and high-energy-use situations.
- Regulated by a negative feedback loop among the hypothalamus, pituitary, and thyroid glands.
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) & Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
- Secreted by gonadotrophs in the anterior pituitary.
- Important for development of primary (genital) and secondary (eg: pubic hair, voice changes) sexual characteristics during puberty.
- FSH and LH stimulate gamete production:
- Males: LH stimulates Leydig cells for testosterone; FSH stimulates Sertoli cells for sperm production.
- Females: LH targets ovarian follicles for progesterone/estrogen synthesis; FSH recruits ovarian follicles early in the menstrual cycle.
- Release stimulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).
- Regulated by a negative feedback loop involving the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, and gonads.
Prolactin (PRL)
- Secreted by lactotrophs in the anterior pituitary.
- Stimulates glandular breast tissue growth during pregnancy and milk production post-birth.
- Release stimulated by prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH).
- Regulated by a complex feedback loop incorporating dopamine, suckling stimuli, and various sex hormones.
Anti-Diuretic Hormone (ADH)
- Also known as vasopressin, secreted by the posterior pituitary.
- Regulates blood pressure and blood volume:
- Activates V1 receptors for arteriolar constriction, increasing vascular resistance.
- Activates V2 receptors to increase water reabsorption in renal collecting ducts.
- Release stimulated by low blood volume, increased serum osmolality, and angiotensin-II.
- Regulated through feedback mechanisms linking plasma osmolality with hypothalamic osmoreceptors and the renin-angiotensin system.
Oxytocin
- Secreted by the posterior pituitary.
- Facilitates labor progression and the let-down reflex during breastfeeding.
- Release triggered by suckling during breastfeeding and fetal head pressure against the cervix during labor.
- Regulated by positive feedback mechanisms during childbirth and breastfeeding.
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Description
This quiz covers essential information about Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), including its secretion, primary actions, and regulation. You will explore the role of thyrotrophs in the anterior pituitary and the feedback mechanisms involved in hormone release. Perfect for students studying endocrinology or related fields.
