30 Questions
Which type of diabetes always requires insulin therapy?
Type 1
What is the most common type of diabetes?
Type 2
Which condition is not associated with Type 2 diabetes as mentioned in the text?
Anemia
What is a common symptom of diabetes according to the text?
Polyuria
In Type 2 diabetes, what may be required when oral medications no longer provide glycemic control?
Insulin therapy
What is the key to successful diabetes treatment as mentioned in the text?
High level of self management
What is the average onset time for short-acting insulins like Insulin lispro (Humalog®) and Insulin aspart (NovoRapid®)?
10 to 15 minutes
Which insulin type must be given alone and not mixed with other insulins?
Insulin glargine (Lantus)
What is a possible consequence of not eating a meal after injecting Rapid Acting insulins?
High risk of hypoglycemia
Which insulin type has a duration of action that is dose dependent?
Insulin detemir (Levemir)
In which type of insulin is it advised for patients to eat a meal after injection?
Regular insulins
What is the peak time for Regular insulin (Humulin R, Novolin ge Toronto) when given subcutaneously (SQ)?
2 to 3 hours
What is the most common sign or symptom of hypoglycemia?
Palpitations
What is the initial treatment for hypoglycemia?
Oral carbohydrate sources
Which of the following factors can increase blood glucose levels?
All of the above
When administering two different types of insulin, which insulin should be drawn up first?
The regular insulin
What is the nursing implication when administering oral antidiabetic drugs?
All of the above
What is the nursing implication when administering insulin?
All of the above
What hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary in response to low T3 & T4 levels?
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Which condition is characterized by hyposecretion of thyroid hormones during adulthood?
Myxedema
What is the primary cause of hypothyroidism?
Abnormality in the thyroid gland itself
Which medication is a synthetic form of the thyroid hormone T4?
Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
What condition is characterized by an enlargement of the thyroid gland?
Goiter
What is the primary purpose of thyroid replacement medications?
To increase metabolism to normal levels
What is the primary mechanism of action for metformin?
Decreasing hepatic glucose production
Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of metformin?
Kidney disease
What is the primary mechanism of action for sulfonylureas?
Stimulating insulin release from pancreatic beta cells
Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of oral antidiabetic medications?
They require the pancreas to be producing some insulin to be effective
What is the recommended step-wise approach for the use of oral antidiabetic medications in type 2 diabetes?
Start with metformin and add a sulfonylurea if needed
Which of the following is a common adverse effect associated with metformin use?
Gastrointestinal effects
Test your knowledge on thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), hypothyroidism, primary and secondary abnormalities, and congenital hypothyroidism (Cretinism). Explore the causes, symptoms, and effects of variations in T3 & T4 levels.
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