Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a common method used to measure the pressure in the body?
What is a common method used to measure the pressure in the body?
- Stethoscope
- Sphygmomanometer (correct)
- Thermometer
- Pulse oximeter
What does hydrocephalus in newborns result in?
What does hydrocephalus in newborns result in?
- Normal CSF flow
- Decreased circumference of the skull
- CSF trapped inside the skull (correct)
- Decreased internal pressure
How is CSF flow analyzed in medicine?
How is CSF flow analyzed in medicine?
- MRI scan
- Transillumination (correct)
- X-ray imaging
- Ultrasound
What is the purpose of transillumination in pediatric practice?
What is the purpose of transillumination in pediatric practice?
What does a red glow produced by the transmission of light through fingers indicate?
What does a red glow produced by the transmission of light through fingers indicate?
Which organ would NOT typically be analyzed using transillumination?
Which organ would NOT typically be analyzed using transillumination?
What is the formula for pressure under a column of liquid?
What is the formula for pressure under a column of liquid?
What is atmospheric pressure usually measured in?
What is atmospheric pressure usually measured in?
How is absolute pressure calculated from gauge pressure?
How is absolute pressure calculated from gauge pressure?
What does a negative pressure value indicate relative to atmospheric pressure?
What does a negative pressure value indicate relative to atmospheric pressure?
In the circulation system, why does the pressure decrease from the aorta to smaller veins?
In the circulation system, why does the pressure decrease from the aorta to smaller veins?
What determines the difference in pressure between a person's feet and heart when standing up?
What determines the difference in pressure between a person's feet and heart when standing up?
What unit is commonly used to measure blood pressure?
What unit is commonly used to measure blood pressure?
What is the normal range for eye pressure?
What is the normal range for eye pressure?
How does increased eye pressure affect vision?
How does increased eye pressure affect vision?
What device is used to measure eye pressure?
What device is used to measure eye pressure?
What causes a significant increase in pressure in the digestive system during eating?
What causes a significant increase in pressure in the digestive system during eating?
Why does pressure increase in the knee joints when the body weight is on one leg?
Why does pressure increase in the knee joints when the body weight is on one leg?
What causes pressure to build up in the bladder?
What causes pressure to build up in the bladder?
At what pressure does the micturition reflex typically occur?
At what pressure does the micturition reflex typically occur?
What is the reason why bubbles may not appear for many minutes to hours after diving?
What is the reason why bubbles may not appear for many minutes to hours after diving?
Which part of the body is primarily affected by tissue ischemia due to gas bubbles blocking blood vessels?
Which part of the body is primarily affected by tissue ischemia due to gas bubbles blocking blood vessels?
What percentage of people experience nervous system symptoms in cases of decompression sickness?
What percentage of people experience nervous system symptoms in cases of decompression sickness?
What is the primary treatment for acute decompression sickness?
What is the primary treatment for acute decompression sickness?
Which statement accurately describes the symptoms of decompression sickness?
Which statement accurately describes the symptoms of decompression sickness?
What can happen if decompression sickness causes paralysis?
What can happen if decompression sickness causes paralysis?
How does hyperbaric oxygen therapy help in treating decompression sickness?
How does hyperbaric oxygen therapy help in treating decompression sickness?
What is the typical maximum volume of urine the bladder can accumulate before voiding for adults?
What is the typical maximum volume of urine the bladder can accumulate before voiding for adults?
In the digestive system, what is the pressure like in the esophagus compared to atmospheric pressure?
In the digestive system, what is the pressure like in the esophagus compared to atmospheric pressure?
What effect does trapped air in the gut (gas) have on the body?
What effect does trapped air in the gut (gas) have on the body?
What can happen if eye pressure increases significantly?
What can happen if eye pressure increases significantly?
How does the surface area of a bone at a joint compare to its area above or below the joint?
How does the surface area of a bone at a joint compare to its area above or below the joint?
What device is used to measure eye pressure?
What device is used to measure eye pressure?
What contributes to the highest pressure in weight-bearing bone joints?
What contributes to the highest pressure in weight-bearing bone joints?
At what pressure does the micturition reflex typically occur?
At what pressure does the micturition reflex typically occur?
What is the absolute pressure in lb/in2 if a bicycle tire has a gauge pressure of 50 lb/in2?
What is the absolute pressure in lb/in2 if a bicycle tire has a gauge pressure of 50 lb/in2?
In the circulation system, why does the pressure decrease from the aorta to smaller veins?
In the circulation system, why does the pressure decrease from the aorta to smaller veins?
What is the pressure measured in mm Hg at which blood leaves the heart?
What is the pressure measured in mm Hg at which blood leaves the heart?
What is the formula for pressure under a column of liquid?
What is the formula for pressure under a column of liquid?
When a person is standing up, which part of the body will have a larger pressure due to the weight of the blood?
When a person is standing up, which part of the body will have a larger pressure due to the weight of the blood?
What is atmospheric pressure commonly measured in?
What is atmospheric pressure commonly measured in?
How does the absolute pressure change when a person breathes in or drinks?
How does the absolute pressure change when a person breathes in or drinks?
Why is atmospheric pressure referred to as gauge pressure?
Why is atmospheric pressure referred to as gauge pressure?
What happens to the volume of gases as a diver descends beneath the sea according to Boyle's Law?
What happens to the volume of gases as a diver descends beneath the sea according to Boyle's Law?
At 66 feet beneath the ocean surface, a diver is exposed to how many atmospheres of pressure?
At 66 feet beneath the ocean surface, a diver is exposed to how many atmospheres of pressure?
What percentage of air is composed of nitrogen according to the text?
What percentage of air is composed of nitrogen according to the text?
When a diver is 33 feet beneath the ocean surface, what happens to the volume of gases compared to the surface level?
When a diver is 33 feet beneath the ocean surface, what happens to the volume of gases compared to the surface level?
What physiological damage can increased pressure cause during deep-sea diving?
What physiological damage can increased pressure cause during deep-sea diving?
How does a diver equalize pressure while descending underwater?
How does a diver equalize pressure while descending underwater?
What effect does increased pressure around a diver's body have as they descend deeper into the ocean?
What effect does increased pressure around a diver's body have as they descend deeper into the ocean?
How does a diver know when pressure has equalized after trying to raise the pressure in their mouth?
How does a diver know when pressure has equalized after trying to raise the pressure in their mouth?
What can happen to a diver at 150 to 200 feet due to nitrogen narcotics?
What can happen to a diver at 150 to 200 feet due to nitrogen narcotics?
Why does nitrogen remain dissolved in the body tissues even though it is not metabolized by the body?
Why does nitrogen remain dissolved in the body tissues even though it is not metabolized by the body?
What is one of the sources of multiple problems collectively called decompression sickness?
What is one of the sources of multiple problems collectively called decompression sickness?
What is a potential consequence if a diver suddenly ascends to the surface of the sea?
What is a potential consequence if a diver suddenly ascends to the surface of the sea?
What is the outcome for a diver who spends a long time breathing air under high pressure?
What is the outcome for a diver who spends a long time breathing air under high pressure?
At what depth does a diver experience being too clumsy to perform required work due to narcosis?
At what depth does a diver experience being too clumsy to perform required work due to narcosis?
What happens beyond 250 feet (8.5 atmospheres pressure) in terms of diver's ability?
What happens beyond 250 feet (8.5 atmospheres pressure) in terms of diver's ability?
Why is nitrogen narcosis compared to alcohol intoxication?
Why is nitrogen narcosis compared to alcohol intoxication?
How does nitrogen affect bodily function at sea-level pressure?
How does nitrogen affect bodily function at sea-level pressure?
Study Notes
- Pressure is defined as the force per unit area in a gas or a liquid.
- Atmospheric pressure is 105 N/m2 (Pascal), and units of pressure are listed in table 6.1.
- Pressure under a column of liquid is p=ρgh, and pressure differences in the body can be measured in terms of height of a column of water.
- We live in an atmosphere of air with a pressure of 1 atm, so pressure is measured relative to atmospheric pressure (gauge pressure).
- Blood leaves the heart at about 120 mm Hg but decreases in pressure as it moves from the aorta to smaller vessels.
- For a person standing up, pressure in the feet is larger due to the weight of the blood.
- Eye pressure is significant for eye clarity and can lead to glaucoma or blindness with increased pressure.
- Digestive system has varying pressures, with esophagus having lower pressure due to intrathoracic pressure and higher pressure due to swallowed air and bacterial gas.
- Skeleton pressure is highest in weight-bearing joints, with synovial fluids helping to reduce the effects.
- Pressure in the urinary bladder is due to accumulation of urine, and micturition reflex occurs at 30 cm H2O pressure.
- Decompression sickness can occur from tissue damage due to gas bubbles blocking blood vessels, with symptoms such as pain, paralysis, or unconsciousness.
- Acute decompression sickness is treated with high-pressure chambers to force gas back into solution and allow gradual decompression.
- Deep-sea diving involves increased pressure on the body, with Boyle's Law causing compression of gases to smaller volumes.
- Nitrogen narcosis can occur at high nitrogen pressures, with symptoms including drowsiness, weakness, and clumsiness.
- Nitrogen dissolved in body fluids can lead to decompression sickness if breathed under high pressure for a long time.
- Downside of deep-sea diving is the risk of nitrogen narcosis and decompression sickness, which can be avoided by proper diving techniques and equipment.
- When descending beneath the sea, atmospheric pressure increases, and gas volumes decrease due to Boyle's Law.
- At 33 feet beneath the ocean surface, the pressure is 2 atmospheres, and volume has been compressed to only half a liter.
- High pressure can collapse the air chambers of the diver's body, including the lungs, causing serious damage.
- Nitrogen narcosis has characteristics similar to those of alcohol intoxication and can make divers drowsy, weaken their strength, and make them clumsy.
- Nitrogen dissolved in body fluids increases with prolonged breathing of air under high pressure, and this nitrogen remains in the body tissues until the nitrogen pressure in the lungs is decreased.
- Beyond 250 feet (8.5 atmospheres pressure), divers may experience decompression sickness and its symptoms, which can be severe and even permanent.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Explore the impact of pressure in the eye and digestive system. Learn how changes in eye pressure can affect vision clarity and lead to conditions like glaucoma. Discover the different pressures within the digestive system and the role of valves and sphincters.
