Economics 7: Opportunity Cost and Economic Growth

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Questions and Answers

What does a negative slope of an indifference curve indicate?

  • Consuming more of one commodity leads to consuming more of the other commodity.
  • Consuming less of one commodity leads to consuming less of the other commodity.
  • As less of one commodity is consumed, more of the other commodity must be consumed to maintain utility. (correct)
  • There is no relationship between the consumption of the two commodities.

Why do indifference curves never intersect?

  • Points of intersection are not relevant for consumer decision-making.
  • Intersecting indifference curves represent different levels of utility. (correct)
  • Intersecting curves lead to an inconsistency in utility measurement.
  • Intersecting curves imply a change in consumer preferences.

How is the law of diminishing marginal rate of substitution confirmed?

  • By inspecting Figure 4.6 and observing the trend in utility levels. (correct)
  • By comparing the prices of the goods.
  • By analyzing the consumer's budget constraints.
  • By calculating the total utility derived from consuming both goods.

What is violated if an indifference curve touches either axis?

<p>The assumption that consumers buy two goods in combinations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of indifference curves, why is intersecting not allowed?

<p>Intersecting curves represent conflicting levels of satisfaction. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if two indifference curves intersect at a point?

<p>The consumer would be indifferent between different levels of utility. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept explains the decrease in the rate at which a consumer is willing to substitute one good for another?

<p>Law of diminishing marginal utility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In consumer theory, which of the following is a fundamental assumption related to consumer preferences?

<p>Rational choice theory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the law of diminishing marginal rate of commodity substitution important in consumer choice theory?

<p>It explains the negative slope of indifference curves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept in economics is directly related to the idea that consumers will always prefer more goods to less given their income and prices?

<p>Consumer rationality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In consumer theory, what does the axiom of transitivity imply about consumer preferences?

<p>Preferences are complete and consistent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the law of diminishing marginal rate of commodity substitution impact consumer utility?

<p>It reduces the rate at which consumers trade one good for another (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the law of diminishing marginal rate of commodity substitution state?

<p>As a consumer gives up more of one good, the willingness to give up a unit of another good decreases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the marginal rate of transformation (MRT) and the opportunity cost of producing goods?

<p>MRT measures the opportunity cost of producing goods. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is economic growth represented on a production possibilities curve (PPC)?

<p>By an outward shift in the PPC. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

On an indifference curve, what does the law of diminishing marginal rate of commodity substitution imply?

<p>Consumers are less willing to give up one good for another as they have more of the former. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the opportunity cost change when moving from output X to output Y on a PPC?

<p>The opportunity cost is obtained as MRTbr = 0. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Figure 1.3, what does the outward shift in the production possibilities curve (PPC) represent?

<p>Economic growth leading to increased production capacity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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