EBAM® Process and AM Machines Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is a primary disadvantage of open-loop galvanometers compared to closed-loop systems?

  • Larger footprint
  • Lower accuracy (correct)
  • Increased complexity
  • Higher cost

    • Which of the following is a common application of wire-fed systems in additive manufacturing?

  • 3D printing with thermoplastics
  • Laser engraving
  • Stereolithography
  • Metal additive manufacturing (correct)

    • What is one advantage of using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) in additive manufacturing?

  • Ability to create complex geometries (correct)
  • Larger build sizes
  • Faster production speeds
  • Unlimited material options

    • In the context of positioning devices used in additive manufacturing, what is a critical role of these devices?

    <p>Precise movement and placement of the print head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the equilibrium phase from the non-equilibrium phase during the solidification of metals in additive manufacturing?

    <p>Crystal structure formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of nozzle is commonly used in the powder bed fusion process for efficient material delivery?

    <p>Slotted nozzle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential drawback of using traditional manufacturing methods over additive manufacturing?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of machine configuration is vital for effective additive manufacturing?

    <p>Dynamic feedback control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding wire-fed additive manufacturing systems?

    <p>Contact force must be kept constant for part quality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one limitation of the galvanometer scanning system in laser powder bed fusion?

    <p>The size and shape of printed objects are restrained by the system's configuration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the coaxial wire-feed system impact part quality?

    <p>It enables the wire to be fed into the laser-generated melt pool.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do positioning devices play in additive manufacturing?

    <p>They facilitate the delivery of the material and control heat sources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect does not affect the quality of parts produced in the wire-fed additive manufacturing process?

    <p>The complexity of shapes produced.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the galvanometer system in terms of laser beam control?

    <p>It can perform continuous laser scanning along both x and y axes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about the size limitations of additive manufacturing machines?

    <p>Printing size is influenced by machine size and positioning of device elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of the precision position detector in a galvanometer motor system?

    <p>It is used for closed-loop servo control to adjust mirror angles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using an oscillating tray in vibratory bed powder feeders?

    <p>To achieve better control of powder flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the feeding speed range for vibratory bed powder feeders?

    <p>8 to 2000 g/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT impact the interactions of powder particles during laser direct energy deposition (LDED)?

    <p>Material of the deposition plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What configuration is used for delivering powder in a lateral nozzle?

    <p>From the side</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is essential for achieving high-quality manufactured parts in AM processes?

    <p>Selecting the appropriate nozzle based on material and process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does inert gas play in the functioning of a lateral nozzle during powder delivery?

    <p>To assist in preventing oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the accuracy level that vibratory bed powder feeders can achieve?

    <p>± 1%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does NOT affect the quality of the printed part during the LDED process?

    <p>Surface finish of the deposition plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    EBAM® Process

    • Sciaky’s Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing (EBAM®) Process can use a lateral or coaxial wire feed system.
    • The coaxial wire-feed system allows the wire to be fed into the center of the laser-generated melt pool, improving part quality.
    • Ensuring constant contact force is crucial for high-quality AM parts.
    • This technology might struggle to create complex parts due to limitations in smooth surface creation and fixed contact force in mobile feeding mechanisms.

    AM Machines

    • AM machines print parts for various applications.
    • The size of the machine and device element positioning limit the printing of large parts.
    • Workspace constraints limit the size and shape of printable objects.
    • CNC and robotic arms are used to handle material delivery systems and heat sources.
    • The positioning device needs to offer sufficient workspace, speed, and acceleration for part building.
    • Positioning devices are connected to a controller that regulates their movements, trajectories, speeds, and accelerations.

    Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF)

    • Galvanometer scanners perform x and y laser scanning in LPBF.
    • A galvo system incorporates a galvo motor, two mirrors controlled by this motor, and a "servo" driver board.
    • Multiple coils within a magnetic field form galvo DC motors.
    • When an electric current flows through a coil in a galvo motor, it generates a torque proportional to the current, deflecting the laser beam.
    • A precision position detector on the shaft measures the mirrors', angular position for closed-loop servo control.
    • Open-loop galvos are cheaper but less accurate than closed-loop galvos.

    Powder Feeders and Delivery Nozzles

    • Vibratory bed powder feeders have an oscillating tray with various plates arranged at varying angles for better powder flow control.
    • Vibratory bed powder feeders can accurately feed diverse powders at speeds ranging from 8 to 2000 g/min.
    • The interactions between powder particles, the laser beam, melt pool, and unmelted surfaces during LDED (powder-fed AM) significantly influence the printed part's quality.
    • The nozzle type, angle between the powder delivery system and deposition plate, and powder stream diameter all impact these interactions.
    • The appropriate nozzle selection is crucial for high-quality parts, as it depends on the material and manufacturing process.
    • Delivery nozzles can have two configurations:
      • Lateral
      • Coaxial

    Lateral Nozzles

    • In the AM process, powder is delivered from the side when a lateral nozzle is used, assisted by an inert gas that passes through the nozzle, preventing oxidation.

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    Related Documents

    Metal Additive Manufacturing Powder/Wire Fed Systems PDF

    Description

    Explore the basics of Sciaky’s Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing (EBAM®) process and learn about the functionalities of AM machines. Understand how wire-feed systems and CNC devices impact part quality and workspace limitations in additive manufacturing. This quiz focuses on the technological aspects essential for effective production.

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