Earthquake Hazards and Waves Quiz

True (A)

Hypocenter

<p>epicenter</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Normal fault = Occurs when rocks move apart due to tensional forces. Reverse fault = Occurs when rocks are pushed together due to compressional forces. Strike-slip fault = Occurs when rocks slide horizontally past each other due to shear forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Richter Magnitude Scale (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Seismic waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary (P) waves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Seismograph</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>liquefaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ground Rupture = Cracks and fissures in the ground that can swallow structures. Liquefaction = Soil behaves like a liquid, creating a quicksand-like consistency. Landslides = Changes in slope stability caused by various factors, including earthquakes. Ground Shaking = The intense vibration of the ground caused by the release of energy from an earthquake.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strong Winds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary waves compress and expand rocks in the direction of wave propagation, while secondary waves shake the ground perpendicular to their direction of travel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sudden displacement of ocean water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epicenter</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>seismometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypocenter = The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake Epicenter = The point within the Earth where an earthquake originates Richter scale = Measures the intensity of an earthquake Mercalli scale = Measures the magnitude of an earthquake</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Surface waves (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Create an emergency plan and prepare an emergency kit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>flooded</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Move inland to higher ground immediately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emergency aid for basic needs = Rehabilitation Restoring livelihoods = Rehabilitation Repairing infrastructure and housing = Rehabilitation Developing risk reduction measures for future disasters = Rehabilitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Debris can pose a safety hazard to boats and people, causing damage or injuries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Go down to the beach to watch a tsunami coming. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unusual changes in water level, such as a sudden and significant rise or fall.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>tsunami</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stay away from the beach and oceans = Avoid being in the path of the approaching waves. Evacuate the area and go to high ground = Seek higher elevation to reduce risk of being swept away. Vessels should not return to port if they are at sea = Avoid entering a harbor where a tsunami might be approaching.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Move inland and to higher ground. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To have essential supplies in case of evacuation or if you are stranded in a tsunami-affected area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fastest seismic waves that compress and expand rocks in their direction of travel.

Slower waves that shake the ground perpendicular to their direction of travel.

Slowest seismic waves moving along the Earth's surface causing the most damage.

An instrument for recording and measuring ground motion during an earthquake.

Cracks and fissures that occur when faulting breaches the earth's surface during an earthquake.

Process where solid ground behaves like liquid during shaking, affecting structures and land.

The vibration felt during an earthquake due to the release of energy in the ground.

Downward movement of rocks and soil due to change in slope stability, sometimes triggered by earthquakes.

Natural events posing threats due to geological factors.

A sudden release of energy creating seismic waves in the Earth's crust.

The point inside the Earth where an earthquake originates.

The point on the Earth's surface directly above the hypocenter.

Fractures in Earth's crust categorized by movement: Normal, Reverse, Strike-slip.

Quantifies the energy released by an earthquake with a single number.

Assigns a number to quantify the damage and effects of an earthquake.

Energy waves radiating outward from an earthquake's epicenter.

Destructive waves formed by sudden ocean water displacement, often due to earthquakes.

Steps taken to prepare for earthquakes to save lives and reduce damage.

A collection of essential items needed during an emergency.

A scale that measures the magnitude of earthquakes based on their seismic wave amplitude.

An instrument used to detect and record earthquakes.

Primarily caused by underwater earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides.

Indicators include strong earthquakes, abnormal sea behavior, and rumbling sounds.

A preparedness kit that should sustain you for three days during a tsunami emergency.

Move away from the beach to higher ground immediately if a tsunami is approaching.

Marine and land animals may act unusually, like moving ashore or inland.

Unusual darkening or discoloration, indicating sediment disturbance before a tsunami.

Unusual wave behavior, such as rapid convergence or a series of advancing waves, signals a tsunami.

Stay away from flooded areas and debris until safe to return.

Debris in water can pose risks to boats and swimmers.

A warning sign where water moves away from the shoreline before a tsunami hits.

Actions to restore communities, including aid and infrastructure repair.

Help offered to individuals to promote emotional well-being after trauma.

Tsunami waves can reach heights greater than 100 feet.