Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction PDF

DISASTER READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION. What icon represents your feelings right now? What do you think you should prepare before a disaster? HANGIN, LUPA, TUBIG. Talo ng Lupa ang Hangin Talo ng Tubig ang Lupa Talo ng Hangin ang Tubig  LEARNING TARGETS 1) Explain what a geologic h...

DISASTER READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION. What icon represents your feelings right now? What do you think you should prepare before a disaster? HANGIN, LUPA, TUBIG. Talo ng Lupa ang Hangin Talo ng Tubig ang Lupa Talo ng Hangin ang Tubig  LEARNING TARGETS 1) Explain what a geologic hazard is. 2) Describe what is an earthquake. 3) Cite the different effects of an earthquake and how it affects the flow of life.  What is Hazard? Any phenomenon, substance, or situation that can potentially cause harm to people and destruction/damage to property. What are the types of hazards? Hazards are classified as Geologic, Hydrologic, Atmospheric, Biologic, and Man-made.  What is Geologic Hazard? A geologic hazard refers to any natural event or process that poses a threat to people, property, or the environment due to geological factors. Example of Geologic Hazard These hazards include phenomena such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and landslides. What is an Earthquake? An earthquake is a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. Hypocenter – Where the Earthquake originates. What causes Earthquakes? Most earthquakes occur due to the movement of tectonic plates, which are large pieces of the Earth's crust that fit together like a jigsaw puzzle.  Types of Faults Faults are fractures or cracks in the Earth's crust where movement occurs. Normal faults Reverse faults Strike-slip faults Occur when rocks move apart Occur when rocks are pushed Occur when rocks slide due to tensional forces. together due to compressional horizontally past each other forces. due to shear forces. The focus is the point below the Earth's surface where seismic waves originate during an earthquake. An epicenter is the point on the Earth’s surface directly above a focus (hypocenter)  EARTHQUAKE Magnitude Intensity Richter Magnitude Mercalli Intensity Scale Scale A single number to quantify the energy Assign a number to quantify the damage and released by an effects of an earthquake. earthquake  Seismic Waves There are two main types Seismic waves are the energy waves that radiate outward from an of seismic waves earthquake's epicenter. Primary (P) waves: Fastest waves that compress and expand rocks in the direction of wave propagation. Secondary (S) waves: Slower waves that shake the ground perpendicular to their direction of travel. Surface waves: Slowest waves that move along the Earth's surface and cause the most damage.  Seismograph A seismograph is an instrument used to record and measure the motion of the ground during an earthquake. It consists of a stationary base and a suspended weight or mass that remains stationary during an earthquake but records the motion of the ground.  POTENTIAL HAZARD OF EARTHQUAKE Create a table that shows the potential hazards of an Earthquake and their description. POTENTIAL EARTHQUAKE DESCRIPTION HAZARDS  Ground rupture: EFFECTS OF AN EARTHQUAKE Earthquakes cracks and fissures swallow houses and similar structures. When an earthquake is strong enough, faulting initiated at depths may breach the earth's surface to form a ground rupture. Liquefaction The process of liquefaction turns the ground into a material with quicksand-like consistency, messing up the extensive areas including many cities, farmland, fishponds, and places where roads, bridges, and pipelines run through. Landslides: A change in the stability of a slope can be caused by several factors acting together or alone. These factors include the following: removal of support, groundwater pressure, volcanic eruption, intense rainfall, snowmelt, human interventions, earthquake. EFFECTS OF AN EARTHQUAKE Ground shaking: It is the energy we feel when there is release of energy from the ground that results in tremendous shaking or vibration of the ground. This may cause buildings, bridges, and other structures to collapse. Tsunamis: Destructive waves are generated by earthquakes, a tsunami may occur when ocean water is displaced suddenly causing the formation of waves that reach the shore in large heights.  Earthquake While we cannot predict when or where an earthquake will occur, being prepared can save Preparedness lives and reduce damage. Create an emergency plan: Designate meeting points, emergency contacts, and evacuation routes. Prepare an emergency kit: Include essentials like food, water, first aid supplies, and a flashlight. Secure heavy furniture and objects: Use wall brackets and fasteners to prevent them from falling during an earthquake. Practice duck, cover, and hold. ANSWER ME 5 short evaluation quiz 1.What is the term for the point within the Earth where an earthquake originates? a) Epicenter b) Hypocenter c) Richter scale d) Seismograph 2.Which scale measures the magnitude of an earthquake? a) Richter scale b) Mercalli scale c) Moment magnitude scale d) Seismic scale 3.What is the instrument used to detect and record earthquakes? a) Seismometer b) Barometer c) Hygrometer d) Thermometer 4.The Richter scale is a logarithmic scale, meaning that each whole number increase represents how much more energy release? a) 10 times b) 50 times c) 100 times d) 500 times 5.Which type of seismic wave travels fastest through the Earth's interior? a) P-waves b) S-waves c) Surface waves d) Love waves  DISASTER READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION. HOW ARE I AM FEELING YOU? ANSWER ME REVIEW 1.What is the term for the point within the Earth where an earthquake originates? a) Epicenter b) Hypocenter c) Richter scale d) Seismograph 2.Which scale measures the magnitude of an earthquake? a) Richter scale b) Mercalli scale c) Moment magnitude scale d) Seismic scale 3.What is the instrument used to detect and record earthquakes? a) Seismometer b) Barometer c) Hygrometer d) Thermometer 4.The Richter scale is a logarithmic scale, meaning that each whole number increase represents how much more energy release? a) 10 times b) 50 times c) 100 times d) 500 times 5.Which type of seismic wave travels fastest through the Earth's ZO-NAMI  GUIDE QUESTIONS 1. What is a tsunami? 2. What causes tsunami? 3. What are the sign that tsunami will occur? 4. What to do if you got stuck into a tsunami? What is a tsunami? It is a series of wave commonly generated by under-the-sea earthquakes. Tsunami wave height could be greater than 5 meters “killer waves”  What is a tsunami? Mistakenly called tidal waves and incorrectly associated with storm surges. Earthquake is shallow-seated and strong enough to displace parts of the seabed and disturb the mass of water over it.  TSUNAMI HAZARD MAP shows areas that can be affected by a tsunami. Meant to educate and prepare the community and can be used as tools in planning evacuations. These maps are generated by experts and specialists after careful study of the area.  SIGNS THAT TSUNAMI WILL OCCUR Earthquake: A strong earthquake, especially if it's under the sea, can signal a potential tsunami. Abnormal Sea Behavior: Unusual changes in water level, such as a sudden and significant rise or fall, may indicate an approaching tsunami. If the ocean recedes unusually far from the shore, it could be a warning sign. Rumbling Sound: Before a tsunami, people near the coast might hear a deep, rumbling noise from the ocean caused by the movement of water. Animal Behavior: Birds flying inland or marine animals behaving erratically, such as swimming closer to shore, can indicate an approaching tsunami. Changes in Ocean Color: Unusual darkening or discoloration of the ocean water may occur before a tsunami due to sediment stirred up from the seafloor. Visible Wave Patterns: Unusual wave patterns, like the rapid convergence of waves or the formation of a series of advancing waves, could signal an impending tsunami.  SAFETY TIPS ON TSUNAMI EMERGENCY KIT – 3 DAYS STAY AWAY FROM BEACH AND OCEANS EVACUATE AREA AND GO TO HIGH GROUND VESSELS SHOULD NOT RETURN TO PORT IF THEY ARE AT SEA  WHAT TO DO? DURING Move away from the beach immediately. Move inland, especially in high ground and stay there. Stay away from the beach. Do not go to infrastructures that is located at low lying area  WHAT TO DO? AFTER Stay away from flooded/damaged area until official say it is safe to return Stay away from debris in the water: it may pose a safety hazard to boats and people Stay away from the beach.  DRILL 1. Giant sea waves generated by earthquakes and volcanic eruptions under the seabed. A. Tsunami B. Earthquake C. Landslide D. High tide  DRILL 2. What phenomenon will produce in sea surface when there is earthquake occurrence in sea floor? A. storm surge B. Tsunami C. earthquake D. High tide  DRILL 3. All of the following are things to do after a tsunami except; a. Stay away from flooded and damaged areas until officials say it is safe to return. b. Stay away from debris in the water; it may pose a safety hazard to boats c. Save yourself not your possessions. d. Go down to the beach to watch a tsunami coming people.  DRILL 4. All of the following are things to do during tsunami except; a. Move away from the beach immediately, if there is noticeable recession in water away from the shoreline. b. Move inland to predetermined higher ground immediately and stay there c. Stay away from the beach, never go down to the beach to watch a tsunami d. Stay closer to the shore coming.  ACTIVITY!!! 1. Each group will search for the rehabilitation after the occurrence of tsunami. 2. How does it help the people and the community? 3. The group will present their work for 2 minutes only. 4. This activity will be conducted for 5 minutes only.  After a tsunami, rehabilitation involves: Emergency aid for basic needs. Repairing infrastructure and housing. Providing psychosocial support. Restoring livelihoods. Developing risk reduction measures for future disasters. Today, I have learned that ___________, and it is important because____________________________________.  EVALUATION 1. It is also known as killer waves. 2. Give one thing that causes tsunami. 3. It shows areas that can be affected by a tsunami. 4. Tsunami wave height could be greater than ________ 5. Tsunami is mistakenly called as _________________ How does faith influence the way individuals and communities respond to the aftermath of tsunami, particularly in regions prone to tsunami?