Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which layer of the Earth is primarily composed of molten rock?
Which layer of the Earth is primarily composed of molten rock?
- Lithosphere
- Core
- Mantle (correct)
- Crust
What type of rock is formed when magma cools and solidifies beneath the Earth's surface?
What type of rock is formed when magma cools and solidifies beneath the Earth's surface?
- Intrusive Igneous (correct)
- Sedimentary
- Metamorphic
- Extrusive Igneous
Which term describes the process where one tectonic plate slides beneath another?
Which term describes the process where one tectonic plate slides beneath another?
- Convection
- Divergence
- Transformation
- Subduction (correct)
In which type of plate boundary do new oceanic crust typically form?
In which type of plate boundary do new oceanic crust typically form?
Which feature is formed primarily by the accumulation of lava at oceanic boundaries?
Which feature is formed primarily by the accumulation of lava at oceanic boundaries?
Which type of weathering involves a change in the chemical structure of minerals?
Which type of weathering involves a change in the chemical structure of minerals?
What is the term for large ocean waves triggered by underwater seismic activity?
What is the term for large ocean waves triggered by underwater seismic activity?
Which geological term refers to the downhill movement of soil and rock under the influence of gravity?
Which geological term refers to the downhill movement of soil and rock under the influence of gravity?
Which term refers to the social movement aimed at protecting the natural world?
Which term refers to the social movement aimed at protecting the natural world?
What distinguishes abiotic factors from biotic factors in an ecosystem?
What distinguishes abiotic factors from biotic factors in an ecosystem?
Which worldview values the well-being of all living organisms?
Which worldview values the well-being of all living organisms?
What does 'ecological footprint' measure?
What does 'ecological footprint' measure?
Which type of resource replenishes naturally over short periods?
Which type of resource replenishes naturally over short periods?
What is the main focus of conservation in environmental science?
What is the main focus of conservation in environmental science?
During which major historical transition did societies shift from nomadic lifestyles to settled farming?
During which major historical transition did societies shift from nomadic lifestyles to settled farming?
In scientific experiments, what is referred to as the dependent variable?
In scientific experiments, what is referred to as the dependent variable?
What characterizes a controlled experiment?
What characterizes a controlled experiment?
Which of the following best describes experimental bias?
Which of the following best describes experimental bias?
Which statement about peer review is accurate?
Which statement about peer review is accurate?
What distinguishes a natural experiment from a laboratory experiment?
What distinguishes a natural experiment from a laboratory experiment?
What is the independent variable in an experiment testing plant growth?
What is the independent variable in an experiment testing plant growth?
How does skepticism contribute to the scientific method?
How does skepticism contribute to the scientific method?
Which of the following best illustrates abiotic factors in an ecosystem?
Which of the following best illustrates abiotic factors in an ecosystem?
What is a primary goal of environmental science?
What is a primary goal of environmental science?
Which convection cell is responsible for the formation of trade winds and tropical rainforests?
Which convection cell is responsible for the formation of trade winds and tropical rainforests?
What atmospheric layer is primarily associated with weather phenomena?
What atmospheric layer is primarily associated with weather phenomena?
Which of the following correctly describes the westerlies?
Which of the following correctly describes the westerlies?
What is a rain shadow effect attributed to?
What is a rain shadow effect attributed to?
Which statement accurately describes the composition of Earth's atmosphere?
Which statement accurately describes the composition of Earth's atmosphere?
Which statement correctly describes the Second Law of Thermodynamics?
Which statement correctly describes the Second Law of Thermodynamics?
What is the main difference between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
What is the main difference between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
Which of the following is an accurate characteristic of organic compounds?
Which of the following is an accurate characteristic of organic compounds?
Which process utilizes hydrogen sulfide as an energy source?
Which process utilizes hydrogen sulfide as an energy source?
Which layer of the atmosphere is primarily associated with weather phenomena?
Which layer of the atmosphere is primarily associated with weather phenomena?
What is the primary role of bioremediation?
What is the primary role of bioremediation?
What is the main reason temperature increases with altitude in the stratosphere?
What is the main reason temperature increases with altitude in the stratosphere?
What does specific heat refer to in a substance?
What does specific heat refer to in a substance?
What geological events are primarily associated with transform boundaries?
What geological events are primarily associated with transform boundaries?
Which of the following statements regarding energy is true?
Which of the following statements regarding energy is true?
Which statement best aligns with the Law of Conservation of Matter?
Which statement best aligns with the Law of Conservation of Matter?
Which scale is used to measure the energy released by an earthquake?
Which scale is used to measure the energy released by an earthquake?
How does human activity contribute to mass wasting events?
How does human activity contribute to mass wasting events?
What characteristic is true about the mesosphere?
What characteristic is true about the mesosphere?
What defines the term 'climate'?
What defines the term 'climate'?
Which process is primarily responsible for the dissolution of limestone in the presence of acid rain?
Which process is primarily responsible for the dissolution of limestone in the presence of acid rain?
Flashcards
Environment
Environment
The sum of all living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) factors that impact an organism or ecological system.
Biotic Factor
Biotic Factor
Living components of an ecosystem, like plants, animals, and bacteria.
Abiotic Factor
Abiotic Factor
Non-living components of an ecosystem, like sunlight, temperature, and water.
Environmental Science
Environmental Science
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Environmentalism
Environmentalism
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Biocentric
Biocentric
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Ecocentric
Ecocentric
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Ecological Footprint
Ecological Footprint
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Community
Community
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Bioremediation
Bioremediation
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Energy
Energy
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Kinetic Energy
Kinetic Energy
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Potential Energy
Potential Energy
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Chemical Energy
Chemical Energy
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First Law of Thermodynamics
First Law of Thermodynamics
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Second Law of Thermodynamics
Second Law of Thermodynamics
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Natural Experiment
Natural Experiment
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Model
Model
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Controlled Experiment
Controlled Experiment
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Peer Review
Peer Review
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Experimental Bias
Experimental Bias
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Correlation
Correlation
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Blind Experiment
Blind Experiment
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Double-Blind Experiment
Double-Blind Experiment
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Convection Cell
Convection Cell
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Convection Current
Convection Current
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Hadley Cell
Hadley Cell
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Ferrel Cell
Ferrel Cell
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Polar Cell
Polar Cell
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Atmosphere
Atmosphere
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Troposphere
Troposphere
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Stratosphere
Stratosphere
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Tropopause
Tropopause
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Climate
Climate
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Atmospheric Pressure
Atmospheric Pressure
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Relative Humidity
Relative Humidity
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Weather
Weather
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What is the Lithosphere?
What is the Lithosphere?
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What is Subduction?
What is Subduction?
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What is the Mantle?
What is the Mantle?
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What is a Tectonic Plate?
What is a Tectonic Plate?
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What is Volcanism?
What is Volcanism?
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What is a Divergent Boundary?
What is a Divergent Boundary?
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What is a Convergent Boundary?
What is a Convergent Boundary?
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What is a Transform Boundary?
What is a Transform Boundary?
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Study Notes
Environmental Science Key Terms and Definitions
- Environment: The sum of all biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors affecting an organism or ecological system.
- Biotic Factor: Any living component of an ecosystem (e.g., plants, animals, bacteria).
- Abiotic Factor: Any non-living component of an ecosystem (e.g., sunlight, temperature, water).
- Environmental Science: The interdisciplinary study of how humans interact with the environment.
- Environmentalism: A social movement aimed at protecting the natural world.
- Culture: Collective beliefs, values, and practices influencing human behavior and interaction with the environment.
- Stewardship: Responsible management and care for the environment.
- Anthropocentric: A worldview that values humans as the central element of existence.
- Biocentric: A worldview that values all living organisms.
- Ecocentric: A worldview that values entire ecosystems, including living and non-living components.
- Utilitarian: Emphasizes practical and economic benefits of resources.
- Preservation: Protecting the environment from human interference.
- Conservation: Managing natural resources for long-term sustainability.
- Environmental Ethics: The moral principles guiding human interaction with the environment.
- Renewable Resource: A naturally replenished resource (e.g., sunlight, wind).
- Nonrenewable Resource: A resource that forms slowly and is finite (e.g., fossil fuels, minerals).
- Nomadic Lifestyle: A lifestyle of frequent movement in search of resources.
- Agricultural Revolution: The shift from nomadic to settled farming.
- Industrial Revolution: A period of industrialization with increased energy use and resource demand.
- Consumption: The use of goods and resources.
- Ecological Footprint: A measure of human demand on Earth's ecosystems.
- Independent Variable: The manipulated variable in an experiment.
- Dependent Variable: The measured variable in an experiment.
- Qualitative Data: Non-numerical data describing qualities.
- Quantitative Data: Numerical data describing quantities or measurements.
- Manipulative Experiment: An experiment where the researcher actively changes the independent variable.
- Controlled Experiment: An experiment with a control group and experimental group(s) to isolate variable effects.
- Control: A baseline in an experiment used for comparison.
- Natural Experiment: Observation of natural events without manipulation by researchers.
- Laboratory Experiment: Experiments conducted in a controlled indoor environment.
- Field Experiment: Experiments conducted in natural settings.
- Blind Experiment: Participants unaware of group assignment to prevent bias.
- Double-Blind Experiment: Both researchers and participants unaware of group assignments.
- Experimental Bias: When researchers' expectations influence results.
- Correlation: A relationship between two variables, but not necessarily causation.
- Model: A simplified representation of a system or phenomenon.
- Peer Review: Evaluation of scientific work by other experts.
- Skepticism: Questioning and critically evaluating scientific claims.
- Environmental Justice: Fair distribution of environmental benefits and burdens.
Key Concepts and Explanations
- Biotic and Abiotic Factors: Examples in a forest: biotic – trees, deer, fungi; abiotic – sunlight, soil, water.
- Goals of Environmental Science vs. Environmentalism: Environmental science uses data to understand and solve problems, while environmentalism advocates for environmental protection based on ethics instead of solely data.
- Interdisciplinary Nature of Environmental Science: Combines various scientific fields to address environmental issues.
- Requirements for Life: Basic needs for life include energy, nutrients, water, and suitable temperature ranges.
- Exxon Valdez Oil Spill: Example of 1989 oil spill in Alaska and bioremediation techniques used in cleanup.
- Scientific Method: Steps from observation to hypothesis testing, experimentation, data analysis, and conclusions.
- Variables in Experiments: Independent variable – manipulated; dependent variable – measured; control group – not manipulated.
- Control and Experiment Types: Important for controlled experiments is a control group (no manipulation), to ensure that changes result solely from manipulating the independent variable.
- Culture and Worldview: Different cultural values affect how humans relate to the environment.
- Preservation vs. Conservation: Preservation seeks to leave ecosystems untouched, while conservation aims for sustainable use of resources.
- Tragedy of the Commons: Hardin's analogy showing how shared resources can be depleted.
- Easter Island case study: Example of resource overuse leading to societal collapse.
- Key Concepts and Explanations: Examples of the principles.
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Description
Test your knowledge on Earth science concepts including geological processes, tectonic activities, and ecological factors. This quiz covers key terms and definitions related to the Earth's layers, rock formation, and environmental movements. Challenge yourself with questions on both physical geography and ecological awareness.
