27 Questions
What is the primary consequence of a disturbance in glucose action in Diabetes Mellitus?
Hyperglycemia
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of action of insulin?
Activation of catabolic pathways
What is the primary reason insulin is not effective orally?
Rapidly inactivated by proteolytic enzymes
What is the effect of insulin on protein metabolism?
Stimulation of amino acid uptake and protein synthesis
What is the primary consequence of increased lipolysis in Diabetes Mellitus?
Increased free fatty acids
What is the primary effect of insulin on fat metabolism?
Stimulation of triglyceride synthesis
What is the primary function of the Islets of Langerhans within the pancreas?
To produce hormones that control carbohydrate metabolism
What is the term for the condition characterized by impaired carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism due to insufficient insulin secretion or decreased response of target tissues to insulin?
Diabetes Mellitus
What is the location of the pancreas in the body?
In front of the spine and behind the stomach
What are the three major cell types that compose the Islets of Langerhans?
This information is not specified in the text
What is the primary objective of the session on drugs for endocrine disorders?
To explain endocrine disorders resulting in Diabetes Mellitus
What is a potential consequence of progressive loss of β cells in patients treated with Glibenclamide?
Treatment becomes less effective over time
What is the primary mechanism of action of Glibenclamide in promoting insulin secretion?
Closure of ATP-sensitive K+ channels
What is a common adverse effect of Glibenclamide that is related to its insulin-like activity?
Weight gain
What is the main organ responsible for the metabolism of Glibenclamide?
Liver
What is the main difference between the mechanisms of action of Glibenclamide and Metformin?
Glibenclamide has a clear mechanism of action, while Metformin's mechanism is not fully understood
What is the primary mechanism of metformin in reducing plasma glucose levels?
Suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis
What is the primary regulator of thyroid hormone secretion?
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
What is the effect of thyroid hormones on protein synthesis?
Increase protein synthesis
What is the clinical use of metformin in combination with?
Diabetes + hyperlipidemia
What is the effect of metformin on glucose absorption from the GI tract?
Delay glucose absorption
What is the treatment for hypothyroidism?
Thyroid hormone replacement
What is the primary mechanism of action of levothyroxine in the nucleus?
Interference with protein synthesis
What is the primary effect of high doses of levothyroxine on the cardiovascular system?
Cardiac toxicity
What is the primary reason for administering levothyroxine on an empty stomach?
To increase absorption
What is the primary effect of hypothyroidism on the skin?
Cold, dry skin
What is the primary effect of hypothyroidism on the digestive system?
Constipation
Test your knowledge of endocrine disorders, including diabetes mellitus, and the drugs used to treat them. Learn about the mechanisms of action of anti-thyroid agents and more. This quiz covers the objectives of a session on endocrine disorders.
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