Chpt 5 BCHM 1/2 MC only
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Questions and Answers

Which type of protein function involves altering the chemical configuration or composition of a bound molecule?

  • Protein interacting dynamically
  • Protein changing its conformation
  • Protein acting as a reaction catalyst (correct)
  • Protein binding with other molecules
  • Which of the following is true about ligands?

  • Ligands are proteins that bind to other molecules
  • Ligands are molecules that change the conformation of proteins
  • Ligands are proteins that catalyze reactions
  • Ligands are molecules that bind reversibly to proteins (correct)
  • Protein-ligand interactions are specific because...

  • Proteins have separate binding sites for different ligands (correct)
  • Proteins can bind to any type of molecule
  • Proteins can bind to thousands of different ligands
  • Proteins can only bind to one type of ligand
  • What is the role of conformational changes in proteins?

    <p>Conformational changes maintain the high degree of order in a living system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do proteins interact with ligands?

    <p>Proteins interact with ligands through reversible binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of protein-ligand interactions in maintaining order in a living system?

    <p>Protein-ligand interactions allow for specific molecular interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of conformational changes in proteins?

    <p>Conformational changes in proteins can be subtle or dramatic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the principle of induced fit?

    <p>The binding of a protein and a ligand leads to a conformational change in the protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about multisubunit proteins?

    <p>A conformational change in one subunit can affect the conformation of other subunits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the reversible binding of other molecules by a protein?

    <p>Ligand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the coordination bonds of iron in a heme prosthetic group?

    <p>Four to nitrogen atoms in the flat porphyrin ring and two perpendicular to the porphyrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of myoglobin in the body?

    <p>Facilitates O2 diffusion in muscle tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can protein-ligand interactions be described quantitatively?

    <p>By a simple equilibrium expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the association constant (Ka) measure?

    <p>The affinity of the ligand for the protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which state of hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen?

    <p>R state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers a conformational change from the T state to the R state in hemoglobin?

    <p>Binding of oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of binding curve does hemoglobin exhibit for oxygen?

    <p>Sigmoidal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of hemoglobin binding oxygen cooperatively?

    <p>To bind oxygen efficiently in the tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Hill coefficient in the Hill equation used for?

    <p>To measure the cooperativity of binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Hill coefficient greater than 1 indicate in a Hill plot?

    <p>Positive cooperativity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of modulator is carbon monoxide for hemoglobin?

    <p>Inhibitor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of ion pairs in stabilizing the T state of hemoglobin?

    <p>To enhance oxygen binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of oxygen binding on the conformation of hemoglobin?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly defines the dissociation constant (Kd)?

    <p>The reciprocal of the equilibrium constant for the release of ligand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the binding affinity of a ligand is true?

    <p>Lower Kd indicates higher affinity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of Kd when 50% of the ligand-binding sites are occupied?

    <p>Kd/2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the effect of protein structure on ligand binding?

    <p>Protein structure affects the binding affinity of ligands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for carbon monoxide (CO) binding more strongly to free heme than oxygen (O2)?

    <p>Differences in the orbital structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the distal histidine (His) in myoglobin?

    <p>It stabilizes the Fe-O2 polar complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the quaternary structure of hemoglobin?

    <p>Strong interactions between unlike subunits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the dissociation constant (Kd)?

    <p>Kd is the ligand concentration at which half of the receptor binding sites are occupied</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between Kd and affinity?

    <p>Higher Kd indicates lower affinity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Myoglobin's distal His in increasing heme's affinity for O2?

    <p>It stabilizes the Fe-O2 polar complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of erythrocytes (red blood cells)?

    <p>To transport O2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many subunits does adult hemoglobin have?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of interaction is responsible for the quaternary structure of hemoglobin?

    <p>Salt bridges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the structural adaptation that occurs between a protein and a ligand?

    <p>Induced fit</p> Signup and view all the answers

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