30 Questions
What does the upper respiratory tract consist of?
Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchi
What is the function of mucus in the upper respiratory tract?
Trapping microorganisms and debris
What is the role of the mucociliary escalator in the respiratory system?
Lifting materials in the bronchi to be expelled
Which of the following is a normal flora found in the upper respiratory tract?
Staphylococcus epidermidis
What is the function of macrophages in the alveoli?
Engulfing particles and microbes
How do coughing and sneezing contribute to the respiratory system's defense mechanisms?
Agitate mucus, increasing exposure of microorganisms to mucus and helping to expel them
What is the main cause of pharyngitis?
Streptococcus pyogenes
Which bacterium is almost invariably the cause of acute epiglottitis?
Haemophilus influenzae
What is the main reason for immediate treatment of strep throat?
To avoid rheumatic fever or kidney damage
What is the primary defense mechanism to prevent organisms from entering the larynx and lungs during swallowing?
Epiglottis closure
Which bacterium commonly causes more than half of the cases of acute sinusitis?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
What type of infection is chronic sinusitis?
Bacterial infection
Which drug is the first choice for severe symptoms of sinusitis?
Amoxicillin
What distinguishes strep throat from common cold?
Absence of cough and nasal discharge
What is the role of the mucus-secreting cells and cilia in the upper respiratory tract?
Trapping microorganisms and most particles of debris
What is the function of the mucociliary escalator in the respiratory system?
Expelling trapped microorganisms and debris from the bronchi
Which of the following is a normal flora found in the upper respiratory tract?
Staphylococcus epidermidis
What distinguishes strep throat from a common cold?
Presence of fever and swollen lymph nodes
What is the main cause of acute epiglottitis?
Haemophilus influenzae type b
What is the primary defense mechanism to prevent organisms from entering the larynx and lungs during swallowing?
Closure of the glottis by epiglottis
Which bacterium is a common cause of pharyngitis in children and adults?
Streptococcus pyogenes
Which bacterium is almost invariably the cause of acute epiglottitis?
Haemophilus influenzae
What distinguishes strep throat from the common cold?
Absence of cough and nasal discharge
Which bacterium commonly causes more than half of the cases of acute sinusitis?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
What is the drug of choice for severe symptoms of sinusitis?
Amoxicillin
Which bacterial infection can give rise to rheumatic fever or cause kidney damage if not immediately treated?
Pharyngitis
What are the symptoms of pharyngitis?
Lymph nodes in the neck swell and tonsils become tender with white pus filled lesion
What is the primary defense mechanism to prevent organisms from entering the larynx and lungs during swallowing?
The closing of the airway due to epiglottis during swallowing
What are the two main types of sinus infections mentioned in the text?
Chronic and acute sinusitis
What is a common symptom of acute epiglottitis?
Inflammation of the tissues rapidly closes the airway, causing difficulty in breathing or even death
Test your knowledge about the diseases of the respiratory system including the upper and lower respiratory tracts, lungs, and related pharmaceutical microbiology. Explore the different conditions that affect the respiratory system and their management.
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