Diseases of Respiratory System Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What does the upper respiratory tract consist of?

Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchi (correct)
Nasal cavity, pharynx, and bronchi
Pharynx, larynx, and trachea
Nasal cavity, trachea, and bronchi

What is the function of mucus in the upper respiratory tract?

Trapping microorganisms and debris (correct)
Enhancing coughing and sneezing
Promoting airflow
Transporting oxygen

What is the role of the mucociliary escalator in the respiratory system?

Lifting materials in the bronchi to be expelled (correct)
Enhancing airflow in the lungs
Secreting mucus in the nasal cavity
Producing normal microflora

Which of the following is a normal flora found in the upper respiratory tract?

Staphylococcus epidermidis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of macrophages in the alveoli?

Engulfing particles and microbes (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do coughing and sneezing contribute to the respiratory system's defense mechanisms?

Agitate mucus, increasing exposure of microorganisms to mucus and helping to expel them (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of pharyngitis?

Streptococcus pyogenes (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is almost invariably the cause of acute epiglottitis?

Haemophilus influenzae (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for immediate treatment of strep throat?

To avoid rheumatic fever or kidney damage (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary defense mechanism to prevent organisms from entering the larynx and lungs during swallowing?

Epiglottis closure (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium commonly causes more than half of the cases of acute sinusitis?

Streptococcus pneumoniae (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of infection is chronic sinusitis?

Bacterial infection (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is the first choice for severe symptoms of sinusitis?

Amoxicillin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes strep throat from common cold?

Absence of cough and nasal discharge (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the mucus-secreting cells and cilia in the upper respiratory tract?

Trapping microorganisms and most particles of debris (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mucociliary escalator in the respiratory system?

Expelling trapped microorganisms and debris from the bronchi (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a normal flora found in the upper respiratory tract?

Staphylococcus epidermidis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes strep throat from a common cold?

Presence of fever and swollen lymph nodes (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of acute epiglottitis?

Haemophilus influenzae type b (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary defense mechanism to prevent organisms from entering the larynx and lungs during swallowing?

Closure of the glottis by epiglottis (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is a common cause of pharyngitis in children and adults?

Streptococcus pyogenes (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is almost invariably the cause of acute epiglottitis?

Haemophilus influenzae (B) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes strep throat from the common cold?

Absence of cough and nasal discharge (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium commonly causes more than half of the cases of acute sinusitis?

Streptococcus pneumoniae (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the drug of choice for severe symptoms of sinusitis?

Amoxicillin (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial infection can give rise to rheumatic fever or cause kidney damage if not immediately treated?

Pharyngitis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the symptoms of pharyngitis?

Lymph nodes in the neck swell and tonsils become tender with white pus filled lesion (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary defense mechanism to prevent organisms from entering the larynx and lungs during swallowing?

The closing of the airway due to epiglottis during swallowing (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main types of sinus infections mentioned in the text?

Chronic and acute sinusitis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of acute epiglottitis?

Inflammation of the tissues rapidly closes the airway, causing difficulty in breathing or even death (D) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Upper Respiratory Tract

Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchi.

Mucus Function

Trapping microorganisms and debris in the upper respiratory tract.