Diseases of Respiratory System Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the mucociliary escalator in the respiratory system?

To engulf particles and microbes in the alveoli
To lift materials in the bronchi to the pharynx for expulsion or swallowing (correct)
To produce mucus for trapping microorganisms and debris
To mechanically agitate mucus for expelling microorganisms

Which part of the respiratory system contains a variety of normal microflora that help prevent infection by pathogens?

Larynx
Lower respiratory tract
Upper respiratory tract (correct)
Trachea

What is the main function of mucus in the respiratory system?

To produce saliva for swallowing
To trap microorganisms and most particles of debris (correct)
To engulf particles and microbes in the alveoli
To mechanically agitate mucus, increasing exposure of microorganisms

What is the primary function of coughing and sneezing in the respiratory system?

To mechanically agitate mucus, increasing exposure of microorganisms (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the respiratory system is lined with moist epithelium containing mucus-secreting cells and covered with cilia?

Nasal cavity (C) Signup and view all the answers

What role do macrophages play in the respiratory system?

Engulf particles and microbes in the alveoli (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of pharyngitis?

Viral infection (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is mainly responsible for streptococcal pharyngitis?

Streptococcus pyogenes (D) Signup and view all the answers

How is pharyngitis primarily transmitted?

Inhaling droplets from active cases or healthy carriers (A) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes strep throat from the common cold?

Absence of cough and nasal discharge (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is almost invariably responsible for acute epiglottitis?

Haemophilus influenzae (D) Signup and view all the answers

What causes the difficulty in breathing or even death in acute epiglottitis?

Inflammation of the epiglottis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main treatment for severe sinusitis symptoms?

Intranasal corticosteroids and nasal decongestants (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which infection affects the nose, throat, and sinuses?

Sinusitis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of macrophages in the respiratory system?

Engulfing particles and microbes in the alveoli (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for mechanically agitating mucus to increase exposure of microorganisms?

Bronchi (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the mucociliary escalator in the respiratory system?

Lifting materials to the pharynx to be expelled or swallowed (C) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the upper respiratory tract normal flora from pathogens inhaled into the system?

Variety of normal microflora helping to prevent infection by pathogens (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of hairs and mucus in the nasal cavity with respect to microorganisms and particles?

Trapping microorganisms and most particles of debris (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the respiratory system contains moist epithelium with mucus-secreting cells and cilia?

Pharynx (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is responsible for causing more than half of the cases of acute sinusitis?

Streptococcus pneumoniae (C) Signup and view all the answers

What causes the inflammation of tissues that rapidly closes the airway, leading to difficulty in breathing or even death in acute epiglottitis?

Haemophilus influenzae (A) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes strep throat from the common cold?

Absence of cough and nasal discharge (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is mainly responsible for streptococcal pharyngitis?

Streptococcus pyogenes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the drug of choice for severe symptoms of sinusitis?

Amoxicillin (C) Signup and view all the answers

What causes pharyngitis, or sore throat, in the majority of cases?

Virus (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sinus infection lasts over 3 months?

Chronic sinusitis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of laryngitis?

Combination of bacteria and virus (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which microorganism causes more than half of the cases of acute sinusitis?

Haemophilus influenzae (A) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mucociliary Escalator Function

Lifts materials in the bronchi to the pharynx for expulsion or swallowing.

Upper Respiratory Tract

Contains normal microflora to help prevent infection by pathogens.