Midterm Review with Jenelle
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Questions and Answers

What effect does repeated flexion have on symptoms in cases of disc herniations?

It peripheralizes symptoms.

What is the significance of the Valsalva maneuver in diagnosing disc herniations?

It increases pain.

How does the size and spread of a herniated disc relate to nerve root compression?

A larger, more spread out herniation correlates with more nerve root compression.

Characterize the spinal condition known as ankylosing spondylitis.

<p>It presents as a 'bamboo spine' and is not localized.</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what stage of life does ankylosing spondylitis typically onset?

<p>It typically onsets in young individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does repeated extension have on symptoms related to disc herniations?

<p>Repeated extension centralizes symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Valsalva maneuver affect pain levels in patients with disc herniations?

<p>The Valsalva maneuver increases pain levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the typical structural appearance of ankylosing spondylitis in the spine.

<p>Ankylosing spondylitis often presents as a 'bamboo spine'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What relationship exists between the size of a herniated disc and nerve root compression?

<p>A larger herniation correlates with more nerve root compression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What demographic is typically affected by the onset of ankylosing spondylitis?

<p>Ankylosing spondylitis typically affects younger individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can repeated flexion and extension movements influence the symptoms of disc herniations?

<p>Repeated flexion can peripheralize symptoms, while repeated extension can centralize them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does the Valsalva maneuver serve as an indicator of pain in disc herniations?

<p>The Valsalva maneuver tends to increase pain in patients with disc herniations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a larger, more spread out herniation in relation to nerve root compression?

<p>A larger herniation is correlated with increased nerve root compression, likely exacerbating symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What unique structural characteristic defines ankylosing spondylitis, and how does this affect the spine?

<p>Ankylosing spondylitis is characterized by 'bamboo spine,' which indicates a lack of flexibility and fusion of the vertebrae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what stage in life do individuals commonly experience the onset of ankylosing spondylitis, and what is a notable demographic characteristic?

<p>Ankylosing spondylitis typically onsets in young adults, particularly among men.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do symptoms change with repeated extension and flexion in patients with disc herniations?

<p>Repeated extension centralizes symptoms while repeated flexion peripheralizes them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristics of the spine are indicative of ankylosing spondylitis?

<p>The spine in ankylosing spondylitis resembles a 'bamboo spine' due to fusion and rigidity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how the Valsalva maneuver is related to pain in disc herniation cases.

<p>The Valsalva maneuver increases pain in individuals with disc herniations, indicating nerve root involvement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Discuss the correlation between the size of a herniated disc and the severity of nerve root compression.

<p>Larger herniations that are more spread out across the back are correlated with more severe nerve root compression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical age range for the onset of ankylosing spondylitis, and does it affect specific demographics?

<p>Ankylosing spondylitis typically begins in young adults, particularly affecting males more than females.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of repeated flexion on a patient with a disc herniation?

<p>Repeated flexion peripheralizes symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does repeated extension influence symptom presentation in disc herniations?

<p>Repeated extension centralizes symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how the Valsalva maneuver affects pain in individuals with disc herniations.

<p>The Valsalva maneuver increases pain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the relationship between the size of a herniation and its effect on nerve root compression.

<p>A bigger herniation correlates with more nerve root compression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Characterize the spine condition of ankylosing spondylitis.

<p>Ankylosing spondylitis leads to a 'bamboo spine' appearance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does repeated extension have in cases of disc herniation?

<p>Centralizes symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ankylosing spondylitis is localized to one area of the spine.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does the Valsalva maneuver have on pain for individuals with disc herniations?

<p>Increases pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

A larger herniation is correlated with more _____________ in terms of nerve root compression.

<p>nerve root compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following features with their respective conditions:

<p>Disc herniation = Repeated flexion peripheralizes symptoms Ankylosing spondylitis = Onset in younger individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about disc herniations is true?

<p>The Valsalva maneuver tends to increase pain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ankylosing spondylitis is typically localized to a small area of the spine.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physical characteristic is associated with ankylosing spondylitis?

<p>'Bamboo spine'</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following conditions with their characteristics:

<p>Disc Herniation = Repeated flexion peripheralizes symptoms Ankylosing Spondylitis = 'Bamboo spine' appearance Valsalva Maneuver = Increases pain in disc herniation cases Repeated Extension = Centralizes symptoms in disc herniations</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Disc Herniations

  • Repeated flexion movements often cause symptoms to be felt further away from the initial location (peripheralize).
  • Repeated extension movements often cause symptoms to lessen or move closer to the center (centralize).
  • The Valsalva maneuver (straining, like during a bowel movement) usually increases pain.
  • Larger herniations, which spread further across the spine, are associated with greater nerve root compression.
  • Symptoms that arise from a herniated disc can often spread away to a further location by repeated bending motions (flexion).
  • Symptoms can also lessen or move closer to the center (centralize) through repeated extending motions.
  • Repeated extension movements centralize symptoms.
  • Repeated flexion peripheralize symptoms.
  • Repeated extension movements centralize symptoms.

Ankylosing Spondylitis

  • The condition affects the entire spine, not just a localized area, leading to a characteristic "bamboo spine" appearance on imaging.
  • Ankylosing spondylitis typically begins in young adulthood.

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Description

Test your knowledge on disc herniations and ankylosing spondylitis, two significant spinal conditions. Learn about their symptoms, effects on the spine, and differences in their presentations. This quiz will challenge you to understand the mechanisms behind these disorders.

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