50 Questions
What imaging modality is commonly used to diagnose thoracic disc herniation?
Computed Tomography (CT) Myelogram
What is the most common level of thoracic disc herniation?
T11-T12
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of adult spinal deformity?
All of the above
What is the most common cause of kyphosis in adults?
Osteoporosis
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of idiopathic scoliosis?
Progression of the curve after skeletal maturity
What is the primary goal of conservative management for thoracic disc herniation?
All of the above
What is the most common cause of thoracic spine fractures in adults?
High-energy trauma (e.g., motor vehicle accidents, falls from height)
What is the typical age of onset for adult spinal deformity?
60 years old
Which diagnostic test confirms the diagnosis of thoracic spine disc herniation?
MRI of the thoracic spine
What is the recommended treatment for thoracic spondylosis?
NSAIDs and oral steroids
Which diagnostic test involves using intrathecal contrast to confirm a diagnosis?
Myelogram
Which diagnostic test is used to localize the nerve root involved in cervical myelopathy?
EMG/NCS
What imaging technique is recommended for assessing adult spinal deformity?
Plain X-ray
What is the main cause of spinal stenosis in the thoracic region?
Herniated disc
Which diagnostic test is commonly used to evaluate adult spinal deformity?
Plain X-ray
What is a common symptom associated with adult spinal deformity?
Thoracic back pain worse with sitting/bending forward
What is the primary purpose of performing a myelogram?
To evaluate the spinal cord and nerve roots
Which of the following tests is most commonly used to evaluate nerve conduction and muscle function?
Electromyography (EMG) and Nerve Conduction Study (NCS)
Which spinal region is most commonly affected by thoracic disc herniation?
Thoracic spine
What is the primary characteristic of scoliosis?
Abnormal curvature of the spine from side to side
Which of the following is a common risk factor for adult spinal deformity?
All of the above
What is the primary diagnostic imaging modality used for evaluating spinal deformities like scoliosis?
X-ray
Which of the following is a potential complication of a thoracic disc herniation?
All of the above
What is the primary treatment goal for adult spinal deformity?
All of the above
Which of the following conditions is characterized by an abnormal forward curvature of the spine?
Kyphosis
Which of the following is a common symptom associated with cervical radiculopathy?
Arm pain and weakness
What is the primary treatment goal for conservative management of thoracic disc herniation?
Alleviate pain and improve function
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of adult spinal deformity?
Decreased range of motion
What is the most common cause of thoracic spine fractures in adults?
Motor vehicle accidents
Which diagnostic test is commonly used to evaluate adult spinal deformity?
Radiographic imaging
What is the most common level of thoracic disc herniation?
T5-T6
Which of the following is a potential complication of a thoracic disc herniation?
Spinal cord compression
What is the most common level for the nucleus pulposus to extrude through the annulus fibrosis?
T11/T12
Which of the following is a common symptom associated with cervical or thoracic spine pathology?
Numbness in the upper extremities
What is a key difference in the assessment of pain and tenderness in evaluating cervical and thoracic spine conditions?
Subjective and objective
Which special test involves pressing on the coronal aspect of the head with the patient gazing upright and lateral?
Spurling test
What is a crucial component of a patient's history that aids in evaluating cervical or thoracic spine pathologies?
Limitation of daily activities
Which imaging modality is commonly used to evaluate cervical or thoracic spine pathologies?
MRI of the spine
What is the most common mechanism of action for cervical spine injury?
Whiplash injury
What is the primary symptom associated with cervical spondylosis (degenerative disc disease)?
Neck and shoulder pain worsened by upright activity
Which special test is used to assess for cervical spondylosis or disc herniation?
Spurling's maneuver
What is a common finding on physical examination in a patient with torticollis (wry neck)?
Resting deviation of the head to the affected side
Which of the following is NOT a recommended treatment for non-traumatic posterior neck pain?
Surgical intervention
What is the primary diagnostic test used to rule out a cervical spine fracture?
CT scan
What is the most common level affected in cervical disk herniation?
C5/C6
What is the primary cause of cervical stenosis in younger individuals?
Congenital narrowing
Which of the following is NOT a recommended treatment for cervical radiculopathy?
Spinal manipulation
What is the diagnostic test used to determine the type of neurological involvement in cervical radiculopathy?
EMG/NCS
What is the positive clinical sign in the Spurling's Maneuver test for cervical radiculopathy?
Pain aggravation with neck extension
What is the primary mechanism of injury in thoracic disk herniation?
Degenerative changes
Test your knowledge on conservative treatment, NSAIDs, physical therapy for extremities, thoracic disc herniation, adult spinal deformity, axial back pain, chest pain, thoracic radicular pain, bowel and bladder changes, scoliosis, kyphosis, myelopathy, diagnostic methods such as plain films, MRI, full length spine X-rays, CT scans, and CT myelogram.
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