Spinal Deformities and Disc Herniation Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What imaging modality is commonly used to diagnose thoracic disc herniation?

  • Computed Tomography (CT) Myelogram (correct)
  • Electromyography (EMG) and Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Plain radiographs (X-rays)

What is the most common level of thoracic disc herniation?

  • T1-T2
  • T11-T12 (correct)
  • T5-T6
  • T8-T9

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of adult spinal deformity?

  • Sagittal imbalance greater than 5 cm
  • Scoliosis with a curve greater than 10 degrees
  • Chronic back pain and radicular symptoms
  • All of the above (correct)

What is the most common cause of kyphosis in adults?

<p>Osteoporosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of idiopathic scoliosis?

<p>Progression of the curve after skeletal maturity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of conservative management for thoracic disc herniation?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of thoracic spine fractures in adults?

<p>High-energy trauma (e.g., motor vehicle accidents, falls from height) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical age of onset for adult spinal deformity?

<p>60 years old (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test confirms the diagnosis of thoracic spine disc herniation?

<p>MRI of the thoracic spine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for thoracic spondylosis?

<p>NSAIDs and oral steroids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test involves using intrathecal contrast to confirm a diagnosis?

<p>Myelogram (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test is used to localize the nerve root involved in cervical myelopathy?

<p>EMG/NCS (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What imaging technique is recommended for assessing adult spinal deformity?

<p>Plain X-ray (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of spinal stenosis in the thoracic region?

<p>Herniated disc (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test is commonly used to evaluate adult spinal deformity?

<p>Plain X-ray (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom associated with adult spinal deformity?

<p>Thoracic back pain worse with sitting/bending forward (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of performing a myelogram?

<p>To evaluate the spinal cord and nerve roots (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tests is most commonly used to evaluate nerve conduction and muscle function?

<p>Electromyography (EMG) and Nerve Conduction Study (NCS) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which spinal region is most commonly affected by thoracic disc herniation?

<p>Thoracic spine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of scoliosis?

<p>Abnormal curvature of the spine from side to side (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common risk factor for adult spinal deformity?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary diagnostic imaging modality used for evaluating spinal deformities like scoliosis?

<p>X-ray (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential complication of a thoracic disc herniation?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment goal for adult spinal deformity?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is characterized by an abnormal forward curvature of the spine?

<p>Kyphosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common symptom associated with cervical radiculopathy?

<p>Arm pain and weakness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment goal for conservative management of thoracic disc herniation?

<p>Alleviate pain and improve function (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of adult spinal deformity?

<p>Decreased range of motion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of thoracic spine fractures in adults?

<p>Motor vehicle accidents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test is commonly used to evaluate adult spinal deformity?

<p>Radiographic imaging (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common level of thoracic disc herniation?

<p>T5-T6 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential complication of a thoracic disc herniation?

<p>Spinal cord compression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common level for the nucleus pulposus to extrude through the annulus fibrosis?

<p>T11/T12 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common symptom associated with cervical or thoracic spine pathology?

<p>Numbness in the upper extremities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference in the assessment of pain and tenderness in evaluating cervical and thoracic spine conditions?

<p>Subjective and objective (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which special test involves pressing on the coronal aspect of the head with the patient gazing upright and lateral?

<p>Spurling test (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial component of a patient's history that aids in evaluating cervical or thoracic spine pathologies?

<p>Limitation of daily activities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which imaging modality is commonly used to evaluate cervical or thoracic spine pathologies?

<p>MRI of the spine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common mechanism of action for cervical spine injury?

<p>Whiplash injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary symptom associated with cervical spondylosis (degenerative disc disease)?

<p>Neck and shoulder pain worsened by upright activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which special test is used to assess for cervical spondylosis or disc herniation?

<p>Spurling's maneuver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common finding on physical examination in a patient with torticollis (wry neck)?

<p>Resting deviation of the head to the affected side (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended treatment for non-traumatic posterior neck pain?

<p>Surgical intervention (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary diagnostic test used to rule out a cervical spine fracture?

<p>CT scan (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common level affected in cervical disk herniation?

<p>C5/C6 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of cervical stenosis in younger individuals?

<p>Congenital narrowing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended treatment for cervical radiculopathy?

<p>Spinal manipulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnostic test used to determine the type of neurological involvement in cervical radiculopathy?

<p>EMG/NCS (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the positive clinical sign in the Spurling's Maneuver test for cervical radiculopathy?

<p>Pain aggravation with neck extension (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of injury in thoracic disk herniation?

<p>Degenerative changes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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