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Questions and Answers
What condition is characterized by inflammation of the tonsils?
What condition is characterized by inflammation of the tonsils?
Which of the following terms refers to difficulty in swallowing?
Which of the following terms refers to difficulty in swallowing?
What is the process of visualizing the stomach using an endoscope called?
What is the process of visualizing the stomach using an endoscope called?
Which of the following terms describes the removal of the appendix?
Which of the following terms describes the removal of the appendix?
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What is the term for inflammation of the small intestine?
What is the term for inflammation of the small intestine?
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What condition involves reflux of hydrochloric acid from the stomach into the esophagus?
What condition involves reflux of hydrochloric acid from the stomach into the esophagus?
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Which term refers to the inflammation of the liver?
Which term refers to the inflammation of the liver?
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What does the term 'colostomy' refer to?
What does the term 'colostomy' refer to?
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Study Notes
Digestive System Overview
- The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food into nutrients the body can absorb.
- Key organs include the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gall bladder, and pancreas.
Mouth Structures and Conditions
- Stoma: the mouth
- Xerostomia: dryness of the mouth
- Stomatitis: inflammation of the mouth
Tongue Structures and Conditions
- Lingual: pertaining to the tongue
- Sublingual: under the tongue
- Lingual nerve: nerve supplying the tongue
- Lingual obstruction of airway: obstruction of the airway by the tongue
Tonsils
- Tonsil: collection of lymphoid tissue in the mouth
- Tonsillitis: inflammation of tonsils
- Tonsillectomy: surgical removal of the tonsil
Pharynx
- Pharyngeal: pertaining to the pharynx
- Pharyngeal nerve: nerve supplying the pharynx
- Pharyngitis: inflammation of the pharynx
Pharynx Anatomy
- The pharynx is a tube connecting the mouth and nose to the esophagus and trachea.
- It contains the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.
- The pharynx is involved in swallowing, breathing and speech.
Swallowing
- Phagia: swallowing
- Dysphagia: difficult swallowing
- Odynophagia: pain in swallowing
Esophagus
- Esophago: esophagus
- Esophagitis: inflammation of the esophagus
- Esophageal varices: dilatation of veins in the lower esophagus
Stomach
- Gastro: stomach
- Gastritis: inflammation of the stomach
- Gastric ulcer: ulcer in the stomach
- Gastrin: hormone secreted by the stomach
Gastroesophageal Reflux
- Gastroesophageal reflux: reflux of HCl from stomach to esophagus.
- Gastroscopy: the process of visualization of the stomach using an endoscope.
Small Intestine
- Entero: small intestine
- Enteritis: inflammation of the small intestine
- Gastroenteritis: inflammation of small intestine and stomach
- Enterotomy: incision in the small intestine
Ileum
- Ileitis: inflammation of ileum
- Paralytic ileus: paralysis of the entire small intestine
Large Intestine (Colon)
- Colo: large intestine (or colon)
- Colitis: inflammation of the large intestine
- Coloscopy: process of visualizing the colon using an endoscope
- Colectomy: removal of a part of the colon
- Colostomy: opening in the colon
- Types of large intestine parts:: ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, and anal canal
- Appendicitis : inflammation of the appendix
- Appendectomy : surgical removal of the appendix
Sigmoid Colon
- Sigmo: sigmoid colon
- Sigmoiditis: inflammation of sigmoid colon
- Sigmoidscopy: visualizing the sigmoid colon using an endoscope
Rectum
- Procto: rectum
- Proctitis: inflammation of rectum
- Proctoscopy: visualization of the rectum using an endoscope
- Rectum= lower end of the large intestine
Anus
- Anal: anus opening
- Anal fissure: fissure in the anal region
- Anal prolapse: protrusion of some structure from the anal opening
Liver
- Hepato: liver
- Hepatitis: inflammation of the liver
- Hepatoma: malignant tumor of the liver
Pancreas
- Pancrea: pancreas
- Pancreatitis: inflammation of the pancreas
- Pancreatectomy: surgical removal of the pancreas
Liver, Gallbladder Pancreas and Bile Passage
- The liver, gallbladder, and pancreas are connected and play essential roles in digestion.
- Diagram shows the connection between organs
Gall Bladder
- Cholecysto: gall bladder
- Cholecystitis: inflammation of the gall bladder
- Cholecystectomy: surgical removal of the gall bladder
- Cholangitis: inflammation of bile duct
- Cholecystolithiasis: gall bladder stones
Gum
- Gingiv: gum
- Gingivitis: inflammation of the gum
- Gingival hyperplasia: enlargement of the gum
Liver Cirrhosis
- Chronic progressive disease of the liver with degeneration of liver cells and fibrosis.
Ascites
- Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity of the abdomen.
Melena & Bleeding per rectum
- Melena: black, tarry stools due to upper GI bleeding.
- Bleeding per rectum: fresh blood in stool due to lower GI bleeding.
Colon Issues
- Colic: acute abdominal pain from intestinal muscle spasms.
- Constipation: difficult bowel movements.
- Diarrhea: loose, watery stools.
- Hemorrhoids (piles): swollen, twisted varicose veins in the rectal region.
Hernia
- Hernia: protrusion of an organ or part of an organ through an opening in the abdominal wall.
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Description
This quiz covers the structure and function of the digestive system, including key organs and related conditions. It also explores the anatomy of the mouth, tongue, tonsils, and pharynx, highlighting important terms and definitions associated with each. Test your knowledge on human anatomy and the processes involved in digestion.
