Digestive System Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the medical term for the mouth?

Stoma

What does the term 'sublingual' refer to?

Under the tongue

What is the medical term for the pharynx?

Pharyngeal

What is the medical term for the esophagus?

<p>Esophago</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for the small intestine?

<p>Entero</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are two other terms for the large intestine?

<p>Colo, Colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for the sigmoid colon?

<p>Sigmo</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for the appendix?

<p>Append</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for the anus opening?

<p>Anal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for the pancreas?

<p>Pancrea</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for the gall bladder?

<p>Cholecysto</p> Signup and view all the answers

Xerostomia refers to inflammation of the mouth.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The lingual nerve supplies the tongue.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tonsillitis is the surgical removal of the tonsil.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pharyngitis is an inflammation of the pharynx.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dysphagia refers to pain in swallowing.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Esophageal varices are a dilation of the veins in the lower esophagus.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gastritis is an ulcer in the stomach.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gastroscopy is the process of visualizing the stomach using an endoscope.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gastroesophageal reflux is the reflux of HCL from the esophagus to the stomach.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Enteritis is an inflammation of the small intestine.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Enterotomy is an incision in the small intestine.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Paralytic ileus is paralysis of the colon.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ileitis is an inflammation of the ileum.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Coloscopy is the process of visualizing the colon using an endoscope.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Colitis is the removal of a part of the colon.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Colostomy is an opening in the colon.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sigmoiditis is an inflammation of the sigmoid colon.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sigmidscopy is the process of visualizing the sigmoid colon using an endoscope.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Appendicitis is the surgical removal of the appendix.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Proctitis is an inflammation of the rectum.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Proctoscopy is the process of visualizing the rectum using an endoscope.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anal fissure is a protrusion of some structure from the anal opening.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hepatitis is a malignant tumor of the liver.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pancreatectomy is the surgical removal of the pancreas.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gall bladder.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cholecystectomy is surgical removal of the gall bladder.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cholangitis is inflammation of the bile duct.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cholecystolithiasis refers to gall bladder stones.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gingivitis is an enlargement of the gum.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Liver cirrhosis is a chronic progressive disease of the liver with degeneration of liver cells followed by fibrosis.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ascites is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity of the abdomen.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Melena refers to black, watery stools due to an upper GIT lesion.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Constipation is difficulty, delayed elimination of feces due to hardness of stool and slow peristaltic movement

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Diarrhea is loose, watery stools with increased frequency.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hemorrhoids (called piles) are swollen, twisted varicose veins in the rectal region.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hernia is protrusion of an organ or part of it through opening in the abdominal wall as in case of umbilical hernia and inguinal hernia.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Digestive System Overview

  • The digestive system is a complex network of organs responsible for breaking down food, absorbing nutrients, and eliminating waste.
  • Key organs include the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, pancreas, and gallbladder.

Mouth and Oral Cavity

  • Stoma: The mouth, the initial entry point of the digestive tract.
  • Xerostomia: Dry mouth.
  • Stomatitis: Inflammation of the mouth.
  • Lingual: Relating to the tongue.
  • Sublingual: Under the tongue.
  • Lingual nerve: The nerve supplying the tongue.
  • Lingual obstruction of airway: Obstruction of the airway by the tongue.
  • Tonsil: A collection of lymphoid tissue in the mouth.
  • Tonsillitis: Inflammation of the tonsil.
  • Tonsillectomy: Surgical removal of the tonsils.

Pharynx

  • Pharyngeal: Relating to the pharynx.
  • Pharyngeal nerve: Nerve supplying the pharynx.
  • Pharyngitis: Inflammation of the pharynx.
  • Paranasal sinuses, nasal cavity, soft palate, hard palate, oral cavity, tongue, epiglottis, larynx, and trachea are parts of the pharynx.

Swallowing

  • Phagia: Swallowing.
  • Dysphagia: Difficulty swallowing.
  • Odynophagia: Painful swallowing.

Esophagus

  • Esophagus: The tube connecting the mouth to the stomach.
  • Esophagitis: Inflammation of the esophagus.
  • Esophageal varices: Dilated veins in the lower esophagus.

Stomach

  • Gastro: Relating to the stomach.
  • Gastritis: Inflammation of the stomach.
  • Gastric ulcer: Ulcer in the stomach.
  • Gastrin: Hormone secreted by the stomach.
  • Gastroesophageal Reflux: Reflux of stomach acid into the esophagus.
  • Gastroscopy: Procedure to visualize the stomach using an endoscope.

Small Intestine

  • Entero: Relating to the small intestine.
  • Enteritis: Inflammation of the small intestine.
  • Gastroenteritis: Inflammation of the small intestine and stomach.
  • Enterotomy: Incision in the small intestine.
  • Ileum: The last section of the small intestine.
  • lleitis: Inflammation of the ileum.
  • Paralytic ileus: Paralysis of the small intestine.

Large Intestine (Colon)

  • Colo: Relating to the large intestine/ colon.
  • Colitis: Inflammation of the colon.
  • Coloscopy: Procedure to visualize the colon using an endoscope.
  • Colectomy: Removal of a part of the colon.
  • Colostomy: Opening in the large intestine.
  • Sigmoid colon: Section of the large intestine.
  • Sigmoiditis: Inflammation of the sigmoid colon.
  • Sigmoidoscopy: Procedure to visualize the sigmoid colon using an endoscope.

Appendix

  • Appendicitis: Inflammation of the appendix.
  • Appendectomy: Surgical removal of the appendix.

Rectum and Anus

  • Procto: Relating to the rectum.
  • Proctitis: Inflammation of the rectum.
  • Proctoscopy: Procedure to visualize the rectum using an endoscope.
  • Anal fissure: Crack in the anus.
  • Anal prolapse: Protrusion of the rectum outside the anus.
  • Anal: Relating to the anus.

Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas

  • Hepato: Relating to the liver.
  • Hepatitis: Inflammation of the liver.
  • Hepatoma: Malignant tumor of the liver.
  • Pancrea: Relating to the pancreas.
  • Pancreatitis: Inflammation of the pancreas.
  • Pancreatectomy: Surgical removal of the pancreas.
  • Cholecysto: Relating to the gallbladder.
  • Cholecystitis: Inflammation of the gallbladder.
  • Cholecystectomy: Surgical removal of the gallbladder.
  • Cholangitis: Inflammation of the bile duct.
  • Cholecystolithiasis: Gallstones.
  • Bile passage details including ducts.

Digestive System Diseases and Conditions

  • Liver Cirrhosis: Chronic liver disease with liver cell damage.
  • Ascites: Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity.
  • Melena: Black, tarry stools due to upper GI bleeding.
  • Bleeding per rectum: Fresh blood passing with stool due to lower GI bleeding.
  • Colic: Acute abdominal pain due to intestinal spasms.
  • Constipation: Difficulty or infrequent bowel movements.
  • Diarrhea: Loose, watery stools.
  • Hemorrhoids: Swollen, twisted veins in the rectal region.
  • Hernia: Protrusion of an organ through an opening in the abdominal wall.

Other Details

  • Gingivitis: Inflammation of the gums.
  • Gingival hyperplasia: Enlargement of the gums.

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Related Documents

Digestive System PDF

Description

Explore the intricate functions of the digestive system, including the roles of key organs such as the esophagus, stomach, liver, and intestine. This quiz covers essential terminology related to the mouth, pharynx, and common conditions like tonsillitis and xerostomia.

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