Digestive System Anatomy and Physiology

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What type of epithelium forms the visceral peritoneum?

Stratified squamous

Pseudostratified columnar

Simple cuboidal

Simple squamous (correct)

What is the function of the serous fluid secreted by the visceral peritoneum?

Production of saliva

Digestion of proteins

Absorption of nutrients

Reduction of friction among GI tract organs and the body wall (correct)

Which papillae are the most numerous on the dorsum of the tongue?

Vallate

Foliate

Fungiform

Filiform (correct)

Which nerve is responsible for the motor innervation of the tongue, except for the palatoglossus muscle?

Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the division that separates the oral cavity proper from the vestibule?

Sulcus terminalis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the digestive system?

To provide nutrients for the maintenance of life Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of the alimentary tract?

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the tunica mucosa in the digestive tract?

To facilitate absorption, secretion, and protection of the digestive tract Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the digestive tract is responsible for peristalsis?

Tunica muscularis Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique characteristic of the stomach's tunica muscularis?

It has three layers of smooth muscles Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the alimentary tract is lined by stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium?

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, and lower anus Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is responsible for the general sensation of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mastication in the digestive process?

To mix food with saliva and reduce particle size Signup and view all the answers

How many permanent teeth are present in a healthy adult?

32 Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the passage of food from the mouth through the pharynx?

Deglutition Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brainstem coordinates the swallowing reflex?

Medulla Signup and view all the answers

Which division of the pharynx is common to both the respiratory and digestive systems?

Oropharynx Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the large intestine?

To compact and propel faecal matter towards the anus Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the band of fibrous muscular tissue that extends from the duodenojejunal angle to the right crus of the diaphragm?

Ligament of treitz Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the finger-like projections of the mucosa that give a velvety appearance and texture?

Villi Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies the transverse colon, distal 1/3, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum?

Inferior mesenteric artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the large collection of lymphoid tissue found in the ileum?

Peyer's patches Signup and view all the answers

Through which vein does the venous drainage of the gastrointestinal tract occur?

Portal vein Signup and view all the answers

What is the anatomical landmark that separates the right and left lobes of the liver?

Fissure for ligamentum venosum Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the gallbladder is also known as the phrygian cap?

Fundus Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the valve produced by the mucosal duplication of the first part of the cystic duct?

Spiral valve of Heister Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the duct that joins the cystic duct to form the common bile duct?

Common hepatic duct Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the pancreas has an inferior projection called the uncinate process?

Head Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the duct that opens into the duodenum in the minor papilla, 2 cm above the major duodenal papilla?

Accessory duct of Santorini Signup and view all the answers