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Questions and Answers
What is the most commonly used technique for dental impression?
What is the effect of chlorhexidine on the formation of acquired pellicle and bacterial adhesion?
What is the main factor that affects the effectiveness of dental sealants?
What is the retention rate of dental sealants after 1 year?
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What is the diagnostic threshold used for epidemiological surveys in the 'Pits icenberg of dental caries'?
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Which microorganism is considered to be the most cariogenic in dental decay?
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What is the characteristic of Lactobacillus in relation to root caries?
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What is the correct statement about preventive medicine?
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What is the best health indicator?
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What is fetal mortality?
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What is the most cost-effective health education program?
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What is a characteristic of counseling in health education?
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Why was the health promotion movement born?
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Which healthcare system has more equity and control?
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What has led to a significant reduction of caries in industrialized countries?
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In which historical period was there a higher prevalence of caries?
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Which gland mainly secretes salivary amylase?
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Which factor can alter salivary flow?
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What is the critical pH for fluorapatite?
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What concentration of fluoride can lead to moderate fluorosis?
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What are dietary surveys?
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What type of dietary survey involves a closed list of foods in which the consumption frequency of each food type is indicated?
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What is the purpose of a dietary history?
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Which of the following is not a valid food recommendation to prevent tooth decay?
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What is the ability of an agent to bind to different sites of the mouth to slowly release its active ingredients maintaining therapeutic levels?
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What is the recommended method for children or adults with certain disabilities and/or management difficulties?
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What is the purpose of overcoming the contact point quickly when using dental floss?
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What is the composition of dental floss?
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What is the main difference between a food diary and a dietary history?
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What is the purpose of using non-cariogenic sweeteners in place of sucrose?
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What is the most cost-effective health education program?
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Counseling is a method that:
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Why was the health promotion movement born?
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Which healthcare system has more equity and control?
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What has led to a significant reduction of caries in industrialized countries?
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In which historical period was there a higher prevalence of caries?
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Which gland mainly secretes salivary amylase?
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What is the critical pH for fluorapatite?
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At what concentration of fluoride may moderate fluorosis appear?
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Which of the following characteristics is a feature of an index?
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Study Notes
Dietary Surveys and Methods
- Dietary surveys are methods of collecting dietary information individually
- They can be divided into four types: 48-hours recall, food diary, frequency questionnaire, and dietary history
- Frequency questionnaires are used in studies of caries and diet
Individual Consumption Assessment
- Frequency questionnaires consist of a closed list of foods, where the consumption frequency of each food type is indicated
- The 24-hour recall is a retrospective method, where patients are asked to remember all foods and beverages consumed in the preceding 24 hours
- The dietary journal/food diary is a method developed by Burke, which includes an extensive interview and several 24-hours recalls
- In the dietary history, the patient writes down daily (for 3, 7, or more days) what foods and beverages they are ingesting
Food Recommendations to Prevent Tooth Decay
- Reduce consumption of sucrose below 50 g/day in populations with extensive use of fluorides
- Avoid eating or "nibble" between meals
- Promote the substitution of sucrose by non-cariogenic sweeteners
Chemical Plaque Control Products
- The ability of an agent to bind to different sites of the mouth to slowly release its active ingredients, maintaining therapeutic levels, is called substantivity
Dental Floss and Technique
- The contact point should quickly be overcome to achieve the trauma of the interdental papilla
- The most commonly used technique for dental floss is the manual technique, also known as the "spool technique"
Chlorhexidine
- Interferes with the formation of the acquired pellicle and bacterial adhesion
- At high concentrations, it is bacteriostatic
- At low concentrations, it has antibacterial power
Dental Sealants
- The effectiveness of dental sealants depends mainly on retention
- Retention of 92 to 96% after 1 year
- Retention of between 67 and 82% after 5 years
Epidemiological Surveys and Cavity Stages
- In the "Pits and fissures of dental caries," the diagnostic threshold used for epidemiological surveys is D3
- The clinical threshold includes only D3 and D4 stages
- The epidemiological threshold includes only stages D1 and D2
Dental Caries
- It is a multi-microbial disease in which Lactobacilli are considered to be the most cariogenic microorganisms
- Streptococcus mutans have the ability to join/adhere to the acquired pellicle
- Lactobacilli relate to root caries
Lactobacillus
- Acidogen, acidophilus, and aciduric power
- Relates to root caries
- Some strains synthesize intra/extracellular polysaccharides from sucrose
- Some, through scarce, proteolytic activity with potential implication for dentin caries
Actinomycetes
- Relates to root caries
- Able to adhere to the acquired pellicle
- Some strains synthesize intra/extracellular polysaccharides from sucrose
Preventive Medicine and Health Promotion
- Preventive medicine to the masses is equal to health promotion
- Health protection is focused on the individual
- Specific prevention is aimed at the general population
Health Indicators and Fetal Mortality
- Maternal mortality is the best health indicator
- Fetal mortality is from conception to 28 weeks
Health Systems and Education
- The health promotion movement was born because of social inequalities in health worldwide
- The indirect method of health education is more effective than the direct method
- Counseling (medical advice) is a method that requires new skills and is unidirectional
Health Systems and Equity
- The national health system model has more equity and control
- The healthcare system in Italy corresponds to the Beveridge model
Dietary Surveys and Methods
- Dietary surveys are methods of collecting dietary information individually
- They can be divided into four types: 48-hours recall, food diary, frequency questionnaire, and dietary history
- Frequency questionnaires are used in studies of caries and diet
Individual Consumption Assessment
- Frequency questionnaires consist of a closed list of foods, where the consumption frequency of each food type is indicated
- The 24-hour recall is a retrospective method, where patients are asked to remember all foods and beverages consumed in the preceding 24 hours
- The dietary journal/food diary is a method developed by Burke, which includes an extensive interview and several 24-hours recalls
- In the dietary history, the patient writes down daily (for 3, 7, or more days) what foods and beverages they are ingesting
Food Recommendations to Prevent Tooth Decay
- Reduce consumption of sucrose below 50 g/day in populations with extensive use of fluorides
- Avoid eating or "nibble" between meals
- Promote the substitution of sucrose by non-cariogenic sweeteners
Chemical Plaque Control Products
- The ability of an agent to bind to different sites of the mouth to slowly release its active ingredients, maintaining therapeutic levels, is called substantivity
Dental Floss and Technique
- The contact point should quickly be overcome to achieve the trauma of the interdental papilla
- The most commonly used technique for dental floss is the manual technique, also known as the "spool technique"
Chlorhexidine
- Interferes with the formation of the acquired pellicle and bacterial adhesion
- At high concentrations, it is bacteriostatic
- At low concentrations, it has antibacterial power
Dental Sealants
- The effectiveness of dental sealants depends mainly on retention
- Retention of 92 to 96% after 1 year
- Retention of between 67 and 82% after 5 years
Epidemiological Surveys and Cavity Stages
- In the "Pits and fissures of dental caries," the diagnostic threshold used for epidemiological surveys is D3
- The clinical threshold includes only D3 and D4 stages
- The epidemiological threshold includes only stages D1 and D2
Dental Caries
- It is a multi-microbial disease in which Lactobacilli are considered to be the most cariogenic microorganisms
- Streptococcus mutans have the ability to join/adhere to the acquired pellicle
- Lactobacilli relate to root caries
Lactobacillus
- Acidogen, acidophilus, and aciduric power
- Relates to root caries
- Some strains synthesize intra/extracellular polysaccharides from sucrose
- Some, through scarce, proteolytic activity with potential implication for dentin caries
Actinomycetes
- Relates to root caries
- Able to adhere to the acquired pellicle
- Some strains synthesize intra/extracellular polysaccharides from sucrose
Preventive Medicine and Health Promotion
- Preventive medicine to the masses is equal to health promotion
- Health protection is focused on the individual
- Specific prevention is aimed at the general population
Health Indicators and Fetal Mortality
- Maternal mortality is the best health indicator
- Fetal mortality is from conception to 28 weeks
Health Systems and Education
- The health promotion movement was born because of social inequalities in health worldwide
- The indirect method of health education is more effective than the direct method
- Counseling (medical advice) is a method that requires new skills and is unidirectional
Health Systems and Equity
- The national health system model has more equity and control
- The healthcare system in Italy corresponds to the Beveridge model
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Description
Learn about different methods of collecting dietary information, including 48-hours recall, food diary, frequency questionnaire, and dietary history. Understand the purpose and application of frequency questionnaires.
