30 Questions
Why is it necessary to diagnose an infection?
To determine the infectious agent, manage the infection, and prevent the spread of infection.
What are the key questions that diagnostic tests aim to answer in infectious disease diagnosis?
Diagnostic tests aim to answer questions such as 'Am I infected?', 'What am I infected with?', 'Can I be treated?', and others.
What type of samples can be used for laboratory tests in infectious disease diagnosis?
Samples such as blood, saliva, urine, pus, vomit, feces, tissue biopsies, and mucosal swabs can be used for laboratory tests.
Why is it important to minimize specimen contamination during collection?
To avoid getting wrong results, it is essential to minimize specimen contamination during collection.
What is the importance of collecting enough tissue for both histopathologic and microbiologic examination in specimens obtained intraoperatively?
Enough tissue is required to ensure that both histopathologic and microbiologic examinations can be performed, which is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment of infections.
What is the significance of skin and mucous membranes in infectious disease diagnosis?
Skin and mucous membranes have a large and diverse indigenous flora, which must be considered during specimen collection and diagnosis.
Why is it recommended to collect specimens before administering antibiotics?
It is recommended to collect specimens before administering antibiotics to ensure that the antibiotic treatment does not interfere with the diagnosis and identification of the pathogen.
What is the purpose of confirming the treatment is working in infectious disease diagnosis?
To determine if the treatment is effective and the infection is improving or not.
What is the primary goal of direct diagnosis in microbiology?
The primary goal of direct diagnosis is to detect specific microbial antigens using techniques such as microscopy, staining, immunofluorescence, and other immunoassays.
What is the purpose of selective media in microbiological diagnosis?
Selective media contain inhibitory substances that permit the isolation of specific types of microorganisms, allowing for the identification and characterization of pathogens.
What is the role of MALDI-TOF in microbial identification?
MALDI-TOF is a technique used for the identification of microbial isolates, allowing for rapid and accurate identification of microorganisms.
Why is it essential to determine antimicrobial susceptibility in microbiological diagnosis?
Determining antimicrobial susceptibility is essential to identify the most effective treatment options for infected patients.
What is the purpose of using selective media in microbiological culture?
Selective media are used to isolate specific types of microorganisms by containing inhibitory substances that permit the growth of only certain types of microorganisms.
What is the significance of a high or rising titer of specific antibodies in a patient's blood sample?
A high or rising titer of specific antibodies may suggest or confirm a diagnosis.
What is the principle of chromogenic agar in microbiological culture?
Chromogenic agar contain substances that permit the isolation of specific types of microorganisms based on colour changes.
What is the purpose of immunofluorescence staining in the diagnosis of adenovirus respiratory infection?
Immunofluorescence staining is used to detect specific microbial antigens in nasopharyngeal secretions.
What is the difference between Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria based on Gram staining?
Gram positive bacteria appear purple, while Gram negative bacteria appear pink.
What is the purpose of MALDI-TOF in microbiological diagnosis?
MALDI-TOF is used for confirmation of the identity of microorganisms isolated from a sample.
What is genomic characterization of pathogens useful for?
controlling the disease they cause
What is the purpose of serodiagnosis in diagnosing viral infections?
to detect specific antibodies in the blood
What is the order of appearance of antibodies in the blood following exposure to a viral infection?
IgM followed by IgG
What is the advantage of using laboratory automation in immune assays?
reduced analytical error
What is the purpose of syndromic testing in diagnosing infectious diseases?
rapid diagnosis of common infectious diseases
What is the advantage of using multiplex PCR in detecting infectious diseases?
reduced time to diagnosis
A 26-year-old teacher who has been in contact with a case of measles presents to the GP. What is the best diagnostic test to run?
Measles IgM and IgG
What type of swab is required for diagnosing pharyngitis?
Charcoal swab
What is the most common cause of a sore throat?
Streptococcus pyrogenes
What antibiotic is commonly used to treat pharyngitis caused by Streptococcus pyrogenes?
Penicillin or amoxicillin
A patient has a negative measles IgM test result and a positive measles IgG test result. What can you tell the patient?
The patient is immune to measles.
What type of agar is used to grow the sample collected from a patient with pharyngitis?
Blood agar
This quiz covers the importance of diagnosing infectious diseases, including determining the infectious agent, managing infections, and preventing the spread of infection.
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