Cellulitis Diagnosis Criteria and Management Guidelines
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Questions and Answers

What type of testing is often required to guide the treatment of a staph infection?

  • Imaging tests
  • Drug susceptibility testing (correct)
  • Genetic testing
  • Urinalysis

    • Which antibiotic is the drug of choice for treating MSSA (methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus) infections?

  • Penicillin (correct)
  • Clindamycin
  • Vancomycin
  • Cephalosporin

    • What type of additional therapy is often required for toxin-mediated illnesses caused by staph infections?

  • Fluid-replacement management (correct)
  • Surgical intervention
  • Oxygen therapy
  • Radiation therapy

    • Which of the following is a characteristic of erysipelas, a type of skin infection?

    <p>It is well-demarcated and raised.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary inciting infection that leads to erysipelas?

    <p>Streptococci</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common site affected by erysipelas?

    <p>Lower extremities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What layer of the skin is primarily involved in erysipelas?

    <p>Dermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key characteristic of the erythema in erysipelas?

    <p>It is well-demarcated and raised.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common characteristic of cellulitis?

    <p>Unilateral involvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the four criteria needed to diagnose cellulitis?

    <p>Fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should blood cultures be considered in patients with cellulitis?

    <p>In patients who are immunocompromised, experienced an immersion injury or animal bite, or have signs of systemic infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended antibiotic treatment for nonpurulent cellulitis?

    <p>Cephalexin 500 mg every 6 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following patients should receive antibiotics that cover methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?

    <p>Patients with purulent cellulitis, MRSA colonization, cellulitis associated with an abscess or extensive puncture wounds, or a history of intravenous drug use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum duration of oral antibiotic therapy recommended for cellulitis?

    <p>5 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the LEAST important factor to consider when managing a patient with cellulitis?

    <p>Imaging the infected area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended antibiotic treatment for a patient with a severe allergy to cephalexin and nonpurulent cellulitis?

    <p>Clindamycin 300-450 mg every 6 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clinical triad used for the diagnosis of drug hypersensitivity syndrome?

    <p>High fever, extensive skin rash, organ involvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a possible hematological finding associated with drug hypersensitivity syndrome?

    <p>Thrombocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential cause of death from drug hypersensitivity syndrome?

    <p>Multiorgan failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ involvement can cause symptoms like chest pain and breathlessness in drug hypersensitivity syndrome?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended initial treatment for drug hypersensitivity syndrome?

    <p>Corticosteroids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT associated with neurological involvement in drug hypersensitivity syndrome?

    <p>Acne</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might be a gastrointestinal symptom of drug hypersensitivity syndrome?

    <p>Gastroenteritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Apart from prednisone, what has been reported as an alternative and effective treatment for drug hypersensitivity syndrome?

    <p>Ciclosporin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important step in the early management of toxic shock syndrome?

    <p>Removing any source of bacteria, such as tampons or nasal packing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following laboratory findings is common in toxic shock syndrome?

    <p>Bandemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred antibiotic treatment for toxic shock syndrome caused by group A Streptococcus?

    <p>Penicillin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a typical clinical feature of toxic shock syndrome?

    <p>Focal neurological deficits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of administering clindamycin in the treatment of toxic shock syndrome?

    <p>To suppress toxin production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most appropriate initial antibiotic regimen for a patient with suspected toxic shock syndrome of unknown etiology?

    <p>Vancomycin or linezolid, plus clindamycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of evaluating for multisystem organ involvement in a patient with suspected toxic shock syndrome?

    <p>To assess the severity of the illness and guide management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most appropriate initial treatment for a patient with toxic shock syndrome?

    <p>Aggressive intravenous fluid hydration with crystalloids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely etiology in the case provided?

    <p>Reaction to anticonvulsant medication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases is associated with an erythematous annular rash with central clearing (target lesion)?

    <p>Lyme disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Considering the symptom presentation, which answer can be excluded due to lack of history of risk factors?

    <p>Acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment option was not mentioned in the additional treatments section of the text?

    <p>Epinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom was NOT reported in the case provided?

    <p>Vomiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment method was employed for the man with fire ant bites in the emergency department?

    <p>Intramuscular epinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the effect on the man treated for fire ant bites when his oxygen saturation fell to 80%?

    <p>Became apneic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom occurred to prompt treatment with intravenous corticosteroids in the case provided?

    <p>Anaphylaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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