Cellulitis Diagnosis Criteria and Management Guidelines

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Questions and Answers

What type of testing is often required to guide the treatment of a staph infection?

  • Imaging tests
  • Drug susceptibility testing (correct)
  • Genetic testing
  • Urinalysis

Which antibiotic is the drug of choice for treating MSSA (methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus) infections?

  • Penicillin (correct)
  • Clindamycin
  • Vancomycin
  • Cephalosporin

What type of additional therapy is often required for toxin-mediated illnesses caused by staph infections?

  • Fluid-replacement management (correct)
  • Surgical intervention
  • Oxygen therapy
  • Radiation therapy

Which of the following is a characteristic of erysipelas, a type of skin infection?

<p>It is well-demarcated and raised. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary inciting infection that leads to erysipelas?

<p>Streptococci (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common site affected by erysipelas?

<p>Lower extremities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What layer of the skin is primarily involved in erysipelas?

<p>Dermis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key characteristic of the erythema in erysipelas?

<p>It is well-demarcated and raised. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common characteristic of cellulitis?

<p>Unilateral involvement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the four criteria needed to diagnose cellulitis?

<p>Fever (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should blood cultures be considered in patients with cellulitis?

<p>In patients who are immunocompromised, experienced an immersion injury or animal bite, or have signs of systemic infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended antibiotic treatment for nonpurulent cellulitis?

<p>Cephalexin 500 mg every 6 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following patients should receive antibiotics that cover methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?

<p>Patients with purulent cellulitis, MRSA colonization, cellulitis associated with an abscess or extensive puncture wounds, or a history of intravenous drug use (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum duration of oral antibiotic therapy recommended for cellulitis?

<p>5 days (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the LEAST important factor to consider when managing a patient with cellulitis?

<p>Imaging the infected area (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended antibiotic treatment for a patient with a severe allergy to cephalexin and nonpurulent cellulitis?

<p>Clindamycin 300-450 mg every 6 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical triad used for the diagnosis of drug hypersensitivity syndrome?

<p>High fever, extensive skin rash, organ involvement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a possible hematological finding associated with drug hypersensitivity syndrome?

<p>Thrombocytosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential cause of death from drug hypersensitivity syndrome?

<p>Multiorgan failure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ involvement can cause symptoms like chest pain and breathlessness in drug hypersensitivity syndrome?

<p>Liver (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended initial treatment for drug hypersensitivity syndrome?

<p>Corticosteroids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT associated with neurological involvement in drug hypersensitivity syndrome?

<p>Acne (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might be a gastrointestinal symptom of drug hypersensitivity syndrome?

<p>Gastroenteritis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Apart from prednisone, what has been reported as an alternative and effective treatment for drug hypersensitivity syndrome?

<p>Ciclosporin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important step in the early management of toxic shock syndrome?

<p>Removing any source of bacteria, such as tampons or nasal packing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following laboratory findings is common in toxic shock syndrome?

<p>Bandemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred antibiotic treatment for toxic shock syndrome caused by group A Streptococcus?

<p>Penicillin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a typical clinical feature of toxic shock syndrome?

<p>Focal neurological deficits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of administering clindamycin in the treatment of toxic shock syndrome?

<p>To suppress toxin production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most appropriate initial antibiotic regimen for a patient with suspected toxic shock syndrome of unknown etiology?

<p>Vancomycin or linezolid, plus clindamycin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of evaluating for multisystem organ involvement in a patient with suspected toxic shock syndrome?

<p>To assess the severity of the illness and guide management (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most appropriate initial treatment for a patient with toxic shock syndrome?

<p>Aggressive intravenous fluid hydration with crystalloids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely etiology in the case provided?

<p>Reaction to anticonvulsant medication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases is associated with an erythematous annular rash with central clearing (target lesion)?

<p>Lyme disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering the symptom presentation, which answer can be excluded due to lack of history of risk factors?

<p>Acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment option was not mentioned in the additional treatments section of the text?

<p>Epinephrine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom was NOT reported in the case provided?

<p>Vomiting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment method was employed for the man with fire ant bites in the emergency department?

<p>Intramuscular epinephrine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the effect on the man treated for fire ant bites when his oxygen saturation fell to 80%?

<p>Became apneic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom occurred to prompt treatment with intravenous corticosteroids in the case provided?

<p>Anaphylaxis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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