Surgery 4
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Questions and Answers

Congenital clubfoot is not characterized by:

  • typical deformity consists of plantar flexion in ankle, adduction and internal rotation of the foot
  • may occur as the result of muscle imbalance in patients with cerebral palsy
  • conservative treatment of deformity is based on manipulation with serial casting
  • is the most common cause of congenital flat foot (correct)

    • Mark incorrect statement. Developmental dislocation of the hip:

  • is one of the most common congenital disorders of the musculoskeletal system in the region of middle europe
  • has unknown etiopathogenesis, with influence of the combination of hormonal, genetic, mechanical and racial factors
  • can result in osteoarthritis in adults
  • basic screening evaluation method is arthrography (correct)

    • Rickets is not characterized by:

  • defective mineralization or calcification of bones before epiphyseal closure
  • signs of rickets include muscle weakness, skeletal deformities and growth disturbance
  • hypercalcemia and low activity of serum alkaline phosphatase (correct)
  • the treatment of rickets is use of vitamin D

    • Mark correct statement for Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease:

    <p>is idiopathic avascular bone necrosis of proximal femoral epiphysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pathological curvature of the spine to the right or left side in the frontal plane is called:

    <p>scoliosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mark correct statement for secondary chronic osteomyelitis.

    <p>Is resulting from acute osteomyelitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Specific osteomyelitis with typical granulomas formation does not occur in:

    <p>ankylosing spondylitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mark incorrect statement. Osteosarcoma:

    <p>Typical localization is small bone of hand and foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Degenerative joint disease that result from breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone is called:

    <p>osteoarthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mark which is not typical for primary osteoarthritis:

    <p>Blood test shows increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, leukocytosis and elevated levels of C-reactive protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hereditary systemic disease of connective tissue characterized by brittle bones that are prone to fracture, blue sclerae, fragility of the tooth, bone deformities etc., is called:

    <p>osteogenesis imperfecta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mark incorrect statement. Developmental dislocation of the hip (DDH):

    <p>basic screening evaluation method is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mark incorrect statement for torticollis muscularis congenita:

    <p>Is the result of scoliosis in adolescent age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mark incorrect statement for cerebral palsy (CP):

    <p>The most frequent type of CP is ataxic form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mark incorrect statement for osteoporosis (OP):

    <p>OP is result of defective mineralization of bones before epiphyseal closure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mark incorrect statement for avascular (aseptic) bone necrosis:

    <p>It is presented in laboratory test with hypocalciemia and high activity of serum alkaline phosphatase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mark correct statement. Acute haematogenous osteomyelitis:

    <p>plain radiographs is the most sensitive imaging in early stage of disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mark incorrect statement. Ewing's sarcoma:

    <p>in childhood is rare, with increasing age the incidence increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mark which is not typical for primary osteoarthritis:

    <p>Blood test shows increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, leukocytosis and elevated levels of C-reactive protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mark incorrect statement for primary osteoarthritis (OA):

    <p>In end-stage of disease the high dose of corticosteroids is used</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mark incorrect statement. Neuropathic arthropathy...

    <p>in the clinical picture dominates severe pain with minimal joint destruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Recurrent inflammatory arthritis, which cause is deposition of urate crystals in the joints, is called:

    <p>gout</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The most common orthopedic surgical procedure in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is:

    <p>synovectomy and tenosynovectomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Normal intracranial pressure

    <p>10 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Clinical symptoms of temporal herniation

    <p>anisocoria, hemiplegia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of respiratory failure is during the occipital herniation

    <p>Cheyne-Stokes breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Middle meningeal artery is supplied from

    <p>external carotis artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glasgow Coma Scale assesses the best response

    <p>eye, verbal, motor response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hydrocephalus is

    <p>pathological enlargement of ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Epidural hemorrhage is

    <p>arterial bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hemocephalus is

    <p>intraventricular hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Brain aneurysms can be

    <p>saccular, fusiform, giant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In unstable fracture of the spine must be broken

    <p>the back half of the vertebral body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Subdural hemorrhage is

    <p>venous bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fractures of the skull are

    <p>linear, impressive, comminutive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For concussion is typical

    <p>retrograde amnesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In unstable fracture of the spine must be broken

    <p>the back half of the vertebral body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Degenerative spine disease are

    <p>chondrosis, spondylosis, spondylarthrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nerve compression syndrome of upper limb is

    <p>all answers are correct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Typical surgical treatment for osteoporotic vertebral fractures is

    <p>vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pituitary adenoma can cause

    <p>bitemporal hemianopsia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Primary brain tumours

    <p>do not metastasize to other parts of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Clinical symptoms of occipital herniation

    <p>respiratory failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Middle cerebral artery arises from

    <p>internal carotis artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The main risk factors for brain aneurysms

    <p>age over 50 years, female gender, smoking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cheyne-Stokes breathing changing these parameters

    <p>amplituede</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Artery of Adamkiewicz – the main arterial supply for the spinal cord occurs

    <p>all answers are correct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cranial synostosis are

    <p>sagital, coronal, lambdoid, multiple</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vertebral hemangioma is

    <p>benign lesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Entrapment neuropathy is

    <p>a peripheral nerve injury resulting from compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Congenital Clubfoot

    • Is not characterized by developmental dislocation of the hip.

    Rickets

    • A specific characteristic is not listed.

    Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease

    • A correct statement about this disease is not provided.

    Scoliosis

    • Pathological curvature of the spine to the right or left in the frontal plane.

    Secondary Chronic Osteomyelitis

    • A correct statement about this condition is not provided.

    Osteomyelitis with Granuloma Formation

    • This does not occur in a specific osteomyelitis type (not specified).

    Osteosarcoma

    • An incorrect statement about this is not provided.

    Osteoarthritis

    • Degenerative joint disease resulting from cartilage and bone breakdown.
    • Primary osteoarthritis does not have a specific characteristic listed for negation.
    • Primary osteoarthritis has an incorrect statement not specified.

    Osteogenesis Imperfecta

    • Hereditary connective tissue disease with brittle bones, blue sclerae, tooth fragility, and bone deformities.

    Developmental Dislocation of the Hip (DDH)

    • An incorrect statement about this is not provided.

    Congenital Muscular Torticollis

    • An incorrect statement about this is not provided.

    Cerebral Palsy (CP)

    • An incorrect statement about this is not provided.

    Osteoporosis (OP)

    • An incorrect statement about this is not provided.

    Avascular (Aseptic) Bone Necrosis

    • An incorrect statement about this is not provided.

    Acute Haematogenous Osteomyelitis

    • A correct statement about this is not provided.

    Ewing's Sarcoma

    • An incorrect statement about this is not provided.

    Primary Osteoarthritis (OA)

    • An incorrect statement about this is not provided.

    Neuropathic Arthropathy

    • An incorrect statement about this is not provided.

    Gout

    • Recurrent inflammatory arthritis caused by urate crystal deposition in joints.

    Rheumatoid Arthritis Surgery

    • The most common orthopedic surgical procedure is not specified.

    Intracranial Pressure

    • Normal intracranial pressure value is not stated.

    Temporal Herniation

    • Clinical symptoms are not described.

    Occipital Herniation

    • The specific type of respiratory failure is not specified.

    Middle Meningeal Artery

    • Its blood supply origin is not stated.

    Glasgow Coma Scale

    • Assesses the best response in a way not specified.

    Hydrocephalus

    • A definition is not provided.

    Epidural Hemorrhage

    • A description is not provided.

    Hemocephalus

    • A description is not provided.

    Brain Aneurysms

    • Can be (characteristics not specified).

    Unstable Spinal Fracture

    • What must be broken is not specified.

    Subdural Hemorrhage

    • A description is not provided.

    Skull Fractures

    • Characteristics are not described.

    Concussion

    • A typical characteristic is not described.

    Degenerative Spine Disease

    • A description is not provided.

    Upper Limb Nerve Compression Syndrome

    • Specific syndrome is not named.

    Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture Treatment

    • Typical surgical treatment is not specified.

    Pituitary Adenoma

    • Can cause (effects not specified).

    Primary Brain Tumors

    • Characteristics are not described.

    Occipital Herniation

    • Clinical symptoms are not described.

    Middle Cerebral Artery

    • Its origin is not specified.

    Brain Aneurysms Risk Factors

    • Main risk factors are not listed.

    Cheyne-Stokes Breathing

    • The parameters that change are not specified.

    Artery of Adamkiewicz

    • Its location in relation to the spinal cord is stated.

    Cranial Synostosis

    • A description is not provided.

    Vertebral Hemangioma

    • A description is not provided.

    Entrapment Neuropathy

    • A description is not provided.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of developmental dislocation of the hip by identifying incorrect statements. This quiz is essential for medical students and professionals focused on pediatric orthopedics. Challenge your knowledge and improve your comprehension of this condition.

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