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Questions and Answers
India gained its ______ on August 15th, 1947.
India gained its ______ on August 15th, 1947.
independence
The main goal of this book is to provide readers with an understanding of the ______ features of the Indian economy.
The main goal of this book is to provide readers with an understanding of the ______ features of the Indian economy.
basic
India's economy before British rule was characterized by various ______ activities, including manufacturing and handicrafts.
India's economy before British rule was characterized by various ______ activities, including manufacturing and handicrafts.
manufacturing
The British colonial rule's primary aim was to turn India into a ______ supplier for Great Britain's industries.
The British colonial rule's primary aim was to turn India into a ______ supplier for Great Britain's industries.
The ______ of the British colonial relationship is crucial to understanding India's economic development.
The ______ of the British colonial relationship is crucial to understanding India's economic development.
The chapter examines the state of India's economy ______ independence.
The chapter examines the state of India's economy ______ independence.
This unit provides an overview of the Indian economy at the ______ of independence.
This unit provides an overview of the Indian economy at the ______ of independence.
India was renowned for its ______ industries in textiles, metals, and precious stones.
India was renowned for its ______ industries in textiles, metals, and precious stones.
The finest variety of muslin was called ______.
The finest variety of muslin was called ______.
The ______ government in India had economic policies that primarily benefited Britain.
The ______ government in India had economic policies that primarily benefited Britain.
The colonial government's economic policies transformed India into a supplier of ______ materials.
The colonial government's economic policies transformed India into a supplier of ______ materials.
The colonial government's policies resulted in India becoming a consumer of ______ industrial products from Britain.
The colonial government's policies resulted in India becoming a consumer of ______ industrial products from Britain.
The colonial government did not make serious attempts to assess India's ______ and ______ income.
The colonial government did not make serious attempts to assess India's ______ and ______ income.
The growth of India's aggregate real output during the first half of the twentieth century was less than ______ percent.
The growth of India's aggregate real output during the first half of the twentieth century was less than ______ percent.
The ______ sector remained the backbone of India's economy under British rule.
The ______ sector remained the backbone of India's economy under British rule.
Despite the large population involved in agriculture, the sector experienced ______ and deterioration.
Despite the large population involved in agriculture, the sector experienced ______ and deterioration.
The most important characteristic of India's foreign trade throughout the colonial period was the generation of a large ______ surplus.
The most important characteristic of India's foreign trade throughout the colonial period was the generation of a large ______ surplus.
The ______ Canal, opened in 1869, made it easier for goods to travel between India and Britain.
The ______ Canal, opened in 1869, made it easier for goods to travel between India and Britain.
The export surplus did not result in any flow of ______ or silver into India.
The export surplus did not result in any flow of ______ or silver into India.
The colonial government set up an office in ______ to manage its expenses.
The colonial government set up an office in ______ to manage its expenses.
The export surplus was used to pay for expenses incurred by the colonial government, ______ expenses, and the import of invisible items.
The export surplus was used to pay for expenses incurred by the colonial government, ______ expenses, and the import of invisible items.
The export surplus led to the ______ of Indian wealth.
The export surplus led to the ______ of Indian wealth.
The opening of the ______ Canal intensified British control over India's foreign trade.
The opening of the ______ Canal intensified British control over India's foreign trade.
The Suez Canal connected Port Said on the Mediterranean Sea with the Gulf of ______, an arm of the Red Sea.
The Suez Canal connected Port Said on the Mediterranean Sea with the Gulf of ______, an arm of the Red Sea.
The French traveller, Bernier, believed that Bengal was richer than ______.
The French traveller, Bernier, believed that Bengal was richer than ______.
Bengal exported an abundance of ______, silks, rice, sugar, and butter.
Bengal exported an abundance of ______, silks, rice, sugar, and butter.
The zamindars mainly focused on collecting ______, disregarding the cultivators' economic condition.
The zamindars mainly focused on collecting ______, disregarding the cultivators' economic condition.
Low levels of technology and lack of ______ facilities worsened the plight of farmers.
Low levels of technology and lack of ______ facilities worsened the plight of farmers.
The revenue settlements required zamindars to deposit specified sums of ______.
The revenue settlements required zamindars to deposit specified sums of ______.
Agricultural productivity was affected by negligible use of ______.
Agricultural productivity was affected by negligible use of ______.
Despite stagnation, there was some evidence of higher yield of ______ crops in certain areas.
Despite stagnation, there was some evidence of higher yield of ______ crops in certain areas.
The map comparison of British India with independent India shows the areas that became parts of ______.
The map comparison of British India with independent India shows the areas that became parts of ______.
The introduction of the expensive system of electric ______ in India served the purpose of maintaining law and order.
The introduction of the expensive system of electric ______ in India served the purpose of maintaining law and order.
The postal services, despite serving a useful public purpose, remained all through ______.
The postal services, despite serving a useful public purpose, remained all through ______.
By the time India won its independence, the impact of two-century long British colonial rule was already showing on all aspects of the Indian ______.
By the time India won its independence, the impact of two-century long British colonial rule was already showing on all aspects of the Indian ______.
The agricultural sector was already saddled with surplus ______ and extremely low productivity.
The agricultural sector was already saddled with surplus ______ and extremely low productivity.
Foreign trade was oriented to feed the Industrial ______ in Britain.
Foreign trade was oriented to feed the Industrial ______ in Britain.
The rule of the British-India government led to the collapse of India's world famous ______ industries.
The rule of the British-India government led to the collapse of India's world famous ______ industries.
Lack of adequate public health facilities led to high ______ rates among the Indian population.
Lack of adequate public health facilities led to high ______ rates among the Indian population.
The independent Indian government had to build on the existing base through ______.
The independent Indian government had to build on the existing base through ______.
India faced agricultural stagnation during the colonial period mainly due to ______ policies.
India faced agricultural stagnation during the colonial period mainly due to ______ policies.
At the time of independence, some modern industries in India included ______ and textiles.
At the time of independence, some modern industries in India included ______ and textiles.
The British pursued systematic de-industrialisation in India for a ______-fold motive.
The British pursued systematic de-industrialisation in India for a ______-fold motive.
The drain of Indian wealth refers to the ______ of resources from India to Britain during the colonial period.
The drain of Indian wealth refers to the ______ of resources from India to Britain during the colonial period.
The first official census operation in India was undertaken in the year ______.
The first official census operation in India was undertaken in the year ______.
The British aimed to achieve specific objectives through their infrastructure development policies in ______.
The British aimed to achieve specific objectives through their infrastructure development policies in ______.
India's demographic transition from its first to the second stage is regarded to have occurred around the year ______.
India's demographic transition from its first to the second stage is regarded to have occurred around the year ______.
Some salient features of India's pre-independence occupational structure included agriculture, ______, and craftsmanship.
Some salient features of India's pre-independence occupational structure included agriculture, ______, and craftsmanship.
Flashcards
Indian Economy 1947
Indian Economy 1947
The state of India's economy at the time of independence, marked by underdevelopment and stagnation.
British Colonial Rule
British Colonial Rule
A period of governance where Britain exploited India's resources for its industrial needs.
Planning Commission
Planning Commission
Established to oversee India's planned development and implement Five Year Plans.
Five Year Plans
Five Year Plans
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Underdevelopment Factors
Underdevelopment Factors
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Agricultural Economy
Agricultural Economy
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Handicrafts Industries
Handicrafts Industries
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Historical Roots of Economy
Historical Roots of Economy
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Electric Telegraph
Electric Telegraph
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Postal Services
Postal Services
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British Colonial Rule Impact
British Colonial Rule Impact
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Agricultural Sector Issues
Agricultural Sector Issues
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Industrial Sector Needs
Industrial Sector Needs
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Foreign Trade Orientation
Foreign Trade Orientation
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Health and Natural Calamities
Health and Natural Calamities
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Post-Independence Planning
Post-Independence Planning
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Muslin
Muslin
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Malmal
Malmal
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Daccai Muslin
Daccai Muslin
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Colonial Economic Policies
Colonial Economic Policies
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Agricultural Sector in India
Agricultural Sector in India
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Stagnation in Agriculture
Stagnation in Agriculture
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Land Settlement Systems
Land Settlement Systems
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Economic Output Growth
Economic Output Growth
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British monopoly over Indian trade
British monopoly over Indian trade
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Suez Canal
Suez Canal
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Export surplus
Export surplus
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Economic drain
Economic drain
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Important commodities
Important commodities
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Census in 1881
Census in 1881
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Ports handling trade
Ports handling trade
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Invisible items
Invisible items
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Bernier's Account
Bernier's Account
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Zamindars
Zamindars
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Revenue Settlement
Revenue Settlement
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Agricultural Stagnation
Agricultural Stagnation
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Commercialization of Agriculture
Commercialization of Agriculture
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Low Technology
Low Technology
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Irrigation Facilities
Irrigation Facilities
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Fertilizers Use
Fertilizers Use
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Agricultural Stagnation in India
Agricultural Stagnation in India
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De-industrialisation Motive
De-industrialisation Motive
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Drain of Indian Wealth
Drain of Indian Wealth
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Impact on Handicrafts
Impact on Handicrafts
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Demographic Transition
Demographic Transition
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Occupational Structure
Occupational Structure
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Census Operation
Census Operation
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Economic Challenges at Independence
Economic Challenges at Independence
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Study Notes
Unit I: Development Policies and Experience (1947-90)
- This unit provides an overview of the Indian economy at the time of independence and for the next four decades of planned development
- India's path involved a series of steps, including establishing the Planning Commission and announcing five-year plans
- The document comprehensively examines the goals of five-year plans
- It critically analyzes the merits and limitations of planned development throughout the period
Indian Economy on the Eve of Independence
- The study focuses on the state of the Indian economy in 1947, the year of India's independence
- Key factors contributing to underdevelopment and stagnation of the Indian economy are explored
- Learners will gain familiarity with the economic conditions of India in 1947
1.1 Introduction
- The main objective of the book is to familiarize the reader with the basic features and development of the Indian economy since independence
- It's crucial to understand India's economic past to comprehend the present state and future prospects
- The document emphasizes the exploitative nature of the British relationship with India's economy
1.2 Low Level of Economic Development Under Colonial Rule
- Before British rule, India had an independent economy
- Agriculture was the primary economic activity
- Manufacturing sectors, such as handicrafts (cotton, silk, metal, and precious stones), were well-known and globally respected
- India played an essential role in global trade
1.3 Agricultural Sector
- India's economy significantly relied on agriculture during British colonial rule
- About 85% of the population worked in agriculture, indicating the agrarian nature of the economy
- The agricultural sector was under significant strain during that period
1.4 Industrial Sector
- The industrial sector was underdeveloped due to colonial policies
- The industrial sector's growth was slow, and the base was limited
- India's industrial sector struggled to compete with British goods
1.5 Foreign Trade
- India was a significant trading nation before the British colonial rule
- British policies limited India’s economic growth
- India primarily exported raw materials (raw silk, cotton, wool, sugar, indigo, and jute) and imported manufactured goods
1.6 Demographic Condition
- The 1881 census provided early information on India’s population, though it had limitations
- The population growth and uneven distribution are emphasized
- High infant mortality rates and low life expectancy are noted
1.7 Occupational Structure
- Agricultural activities made up the majority of the workforce (approximately 70-75% during this period), and the industrial and services sectors only comprised roughly 10-20%
- The agricultural sector played a very significant role in the economy
1.8 Infrastructure
- Colonial policies centered around utilizing infrastructure to support their interests, rather than serving India's needs
- The development of railways facilitated the transport of raw materials from India to Britain
1.9 Conclusion
- The two-centuries-long British rule significantly impacted the Indian economy
- The agricultural and industrial sectors were affected by this colonial rule
- The Indian economy was largely underdeveloped due to policies implemented during British rule
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Description
Explore the development policies and experiences of the Indian economy from 1947 to 1990. This quiz covers India's journey through planned development, including the establishment of the Planning Commission and the effectiveness of five-year plans. Familiarize yourself with the economic conditions at independence and the subsequent changes over four decades.
