Dentistry: Dentine and Dentine Hypersensitivity
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Questions and Answers

What is a mechanism by which odontoblasts may contribute to dental hypersensitivity?

  • Participating in the hydrodynamic mechanism of pain
  • Acting as a physical barrier to prevent fluid movement
  • Directly stimulating A-fibers to induce pain
  • Acting as receptor cells to relay impulses to nerve terminals (correct)

    • In the context of dental hypersensitivity, what occurs when a tooth is exposed to cold temperatures?

  • The dentinal tubules constrict, blocking the transmission of pain
  • Fluid flow is unaffected, and no pain is produced
  • Fluid expansion causes slow inward movement, producing a lingering pain
  • Fluid contraction causes accelerated outward movement, producing a sharp pain (correct)

    • Which of the following is a type of transmembrane receptor?

  • A-fibers
  • Adhesion molecules
  • Ion pumps
  • G-protein-coupled receptors (correct)

    • What is a common characteristic of dentinal tubules in teeth with hypersensitivity?

    <p>They are more abundant and have a greater diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism by which high osmotic pressure stimulates pain?

    <p>Salty/sweet solutions draw water outwards, producing outward movement of fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of the odontoblast transducer mechanism of dental hypersensitivity?

    <p>The evidence is patchy, and it is unclear if odontoblasts can be excited</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the hydrodynamic theory of dental hypersensitivity?

    <p>It suggests that fluid movement in the dentinal tubules produces a pain sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a type of receptor that can be involved in dental hypersensitivity?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of mineral content is found in enamel?

    <p>96%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of dentine tubules?

    <p>To make dentine spongy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between water content, organic content, and mineral content in the hard tissues of the oral cavity?

    <p>Mineral content decreases with water content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of dentine has the highest elastic modulus?

    <p>Tertiary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hardness range of dentine in GPa?

    <p>0.41-0.89</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of dentine?

    <p>It is porous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of organic content is found in bone?

    <p>40%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between primary, secondary, and tertiary dentine?

    <p>Their mineral content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of not brushing teeth immediately after consuming acidic substances?

    <p>To prevent further dentine loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of fluoride in preventing tooth erosion?

    <p>To strengthen tooth enamel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using cheese, milk, or chewing gum?

    <p>To promote smear layer formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of sealing or restoring teeth?

    <p>To prevent further dentine loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using toothpastes and mouthwashes with chemical components?

    <p>To strengthen tooth enamel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common property of transmembrane receptors, enzyme-linked receptors, and ion channels?

    <p>Responding to extracellular signals by inducing intracellular response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of restoring periodontal coverage?

    <p>To prevent further dentine loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of G-proteins in G-protein-coupled receptors?

    <p>To deliver messages within the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using Novamin Bioactive Glass?

    <p>To strengthen tooth enamel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using Hydroxyapatite?

    <p>To strengthen tooth enamel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of enzymes in enzyme-linked receptors?

    <p>To produce enzymatic products that induce an intracellular response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of ion channels?

    <p>To allow charged ions to flow through the cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of stimuli can ion channels respond to?

    <p>Various stimuli, including voltage, chemicals, and mechanical stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells express signalling proteins that can detect temperature changes?

    <p>Both odontoblasts and neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the analogy used to describe the role of G-proteins in G-protein-coupled receptors?

    <p>A courier delivering messages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the analogy used to describe the role of enzyme-linked receptors?

    <p>A chef producing dishes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of channels conduct charged ions into and/or out of a cell, causing a change in electrical potential across the membrane?

    <p>Ion channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neurons are associated with thermo-sensitive channels?

    <p>C-type neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary causative factor of dentine hypersensitivity that should be reduced?

    <p>Dietary sources of erosive acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of hydrodynamic movement on A-type neurons?

    <p>It stimulates them directly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of TRP channels on odontoblasts?

    <p>To release chemical messengers that stimulate A-type fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of maintaining the smear layer?

    <p>To promote remineralization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of channels are associated with pressure sensitivity on A-type neurons and odontoblasts?

    <p>Pressure-sensitive channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of odontoblasts releasing chemical messengers?

    <p>It stimulates A-type fibers indirectly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of dentine in a tooth?

    <p>To form the bulk of the tooth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of dentinal tubules that make them 'spongy'?

    <p>They are composed of hollow tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following has the highest elastic modulus?

    <p>Tertiary dentine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between water content, organic content, and mineral content in the hard tissues of the oral cavity?

    <p>Water content is inversely proportional to mineral content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hardness range of dentine in GPa?

    <p>0.48-1.1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following has the highest mineral content?

    <p>Enamel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of organic content in bone?

    <p>30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of dentine that makes it different from other hard tissues?

    <p>It is composed of hollow tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average diameter of dentinal tubules near the pulp?

    <p>1-3 µm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of odontoblasts in relation to dentine?

    <p>Maintaining and repairing dentine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the pain arising from exposed dentine in response to certain stimuli?

    <p>Short, sharp pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason why teeth are not always sensitive?

    <p>Gingival tissue and smear layer normally protect the dentine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the age range at which dentine hypersensitivity typically starts to occur?

    <p>15 years and above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the fluid found in dentinal tubules?

    <p>Slowly moving outwards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of nerve fibres that innervate the pulp only?

    <p>Unmyelinated C fibres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical response of teeth to certain stimuli when the protective tissues are lost?

    <p>Sensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of eliminating sources of heavy abrasion in managing dentine hypersensitivity?

    <p>To prevent further dentine loss and allow protective layer to build up over tubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of fluoride in toothpastes and varnishes in managing dentine hypersensitivity?

    <p>To reduce erosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of placing restorations or sealants in managing dentine hypersensitivity?

    <p>To prevent further dentine loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of not brushing teeth immediately after consuming acidic substances?

    <p>It prevents further dentine loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of using toothpastes and mouthwashes with chemical components like Strontium and Novamin?

    <p>They reduce erosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of cheese, milk, and chewing gum in managing dentine hypersensitivity?

    <p>They promote smear layer formation, reducing mouth pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of restoring periodontal coverage in managing dentine hypersensitivity?

    <p>To restore a natural barrier against hypersensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using Biomin F (Fluoride-containing Bioactive Glass) in managing dentine hypersensitivity?

    <p>It reduces erosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of ion channels in neurons?

    <p>To conduct charged ions into and/or out of a cell, causing a change in electrical potential across the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neurons are associated with thermo-sensitive channels?

    <p>C-type neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of hydrodynamic movement on A-type neurons?

    <p>Direct stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of reducing dietary sources of erosive acids?

    <p>To remove the primary causative factor of dentine hypersensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of channels are associated with pressure sensitivity on A-type neurons and odontoblasts?

    <p>Pressure-sensitive channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of TRP channels on odontoblasts?

    <p>To transduce normal temperature sensations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of maintaining the smear layer?

    <p>To reduce the permeability of the dentine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of odontoblasts releasing chemical messengers?

    <p>Indirect stimulation of A-type neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which dentine hypersensitivity arises?

    <p>Loss of protection over permeable dentine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of potassium nitrate in reducing nerve communication?

    <p>It prohibits depolarization of excitable cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a treatment strategy for dentine hypersensitivity?

    <p>Reducing the excitability of pulp nociceptors to block pain signal transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most widely accepted theory of physiological mechanism of dentine hypersensitivity?

    <p>Hydrodynamic theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ion channels in dentine hypersensitivity?

    <p>They stimulate responses in odontoblasts and/or neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a treatment strategy for dentine hypersensitivity?

    <p>Increasing the excitability of pulp nociceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of odontoblasts in dentine hypersensitivity?

    <p>They stimulate responses in themselves and/or neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of fluid movement in dentinal tubules?

    <p>Stimulation of responses in odontoblasts and/or neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

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