Dental Calculus and Periodontal Disease
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Questions and Answers

Which of these options are correct? (Select all that apply)

  • Dental calculus is mineralised petrified dental plaque (correct)
  • Calculus is a secondary factor that promotes the progression of periodontal disease (correct)
  • The surface of calculus provides a place for bacteria to grow undisturbed (correct)
  • Calculus is the primary cause of periodontal disease

What is the main reason why calculus is considered a risk factor for periodontal disease?

  • The rough surface of calculus causes direct damage to gum tissues
  • Calculus harbors bacteria that can cause inflammation and gum disease (correct)
  • Calculus blocks the blood supply to the gums, leading to tissue damage
  • Calculus is made up of harmful bacteria that directly cause periodontal disease

Which of the following statements about calculus is TRUE?

  • Calculus can be removed by regular brushing and flossing
  • Calculus is a soft, easily removable deposit on teeth
  • Calculus directly causes the progression of periodontal disease
  • Calculus is formed from the accumulation of food debris and bacteria on teeth (correct)

What is the most likely reason Kate is prone to calculus formation on the lower anterior linguals and upper buccal molars?

<p>These areas are located near salivary glands, which contribute to calculus formation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following methods is NOT typically used for detecting calculus?

<p>Asking the patient to describe their symptoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sam has had several crowns and implants fitted recently. What should he be advised about in terms of oral hygiene?

<p>Sam is at risk of developing plaque and calculus build-up on his prosthetic appliances and should attend dental hygiene appointments regularly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these are methods of calculus detection? (Select all that apply)

<p>Visual inspection (A), Palpation (B), Digital imaging (C), Radiographs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of calculus primarily derives its minerals from crevicular fluid?

<p>Subgingival calculus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What composition percentage does inorganic material typically make up in dental calculus?

<p>70-90% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered an organic component of dental calculus?

<p>Calcium phosphate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common self-care tool that can help maintain prosthetic appliances?

<p>Over the counter tools (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of mucin in dental calculus?

<p>It contributes to the overall structure of calculus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does supra and subgingival calculus differ in mineral sources?

<p>Supragingival from saliva, subgingival from crevicular fluid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which attachment mechanism is NOT associated with calculus adherence to teeth?

<p>Attachment to the blood clots that can form on the tooth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primarily causes dental plaque to harden into calculus?

<p>Presence of specific minerals from saliva and crevicular fluid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is calculus?

Calculus is a hard deposit that forms on teeth when plaque mineralizes.

Does calculus cause gum disease directly?

Calculus doesn't cause periodontal disease, but it provides a rough surface for bacteria to attach and multiply, promoting inflammation and gum disease.

How does calculus contribute to gum disease?

The surface of calculus is irregular and provides a place for bacteria to grow undisturbed, leading to the development of periodontal disease.

What is the main reason calculus increases the risk of gum disease?

The rough surface of calculus can irritate the gums and make it difficult to maintain good oral hygiene.

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Why does calculus often form near salivary glands?

Areas of the mouth with higher concentrations of saliva, like near salivary glands, are prone to calculus formation.

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How is calculus detected?

Probing, visual examination, and radiographs are common methods used to detect calculus.

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What is unique about calculus formation on prosthetic appliances?

Prosthetic appliances like crowns and implants can accumulate plaque and calculus, requiring regular dental hygiene appointments.

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Why are regular dental hygiene appointments important for people with prosthetic appliances?

Regular dental hygiene appointments are crucial for removing plaque and calculus, especially around prosthetic appliances.

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Supragingival calculus mineral source

Supragingival calculus forms above the gumline and primarily gets its minerals from saliva.

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Subgingival calculus mineral source

Subgingival calculus forms below the gumline and gets its minerals mainly from crevicular fluid, which is found in the space between the tooth and gum.

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Dental calculus composition

Dental calculus is made up of both organic and inorganic substances. Inorganic substances, like calcium and phosphate, contribute to its hardness. Organic substances include bacteria and cell debris.

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Inorganic content in dental calculus

The composition of dental calculus is mainly inorganic, making up about 70-90% of its structure. The inorganic component is primarily what makes calculus hard.

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Inorganic components in dental calculus

The inorganic material in dental calculus is primarily composed of calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, and hydroxyapatite crystals. These minerals contribute to the hardness of calculus.

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The role of plaque in calculus formation

The formation of dental calculus can occur due to an accumulation of plaque. Bacteria in the plaque create an environment that aids in the formation of calculus.

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How calculus attaches to teeth

Calculus can attach to a tooth surface through several mechanisms, including attachment to the pellicle, irregularities on the tooth surface, and direct contact of the calcified component with the tooth surface.

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Calculus and blood clots

Calculus does not attach to the blood clots that can form on the tooth. Attachment mechanisms are primarily related to the tooth surface and plaque.

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Study Notes

Calculus as a Risk Factor

  • Calculus is considered a risk factor for periodontal disease
  • Calculus forms when dental plaque mineralizes
  • Irregular calculus surfaces provide a breeding ground for bacteria
  • Hard calculus deposits are a source of nutrients for bacteria
  • The rough surface of calculus irritates gums, causing inflammation
  • Calculus doesn't directly cause periodontal disease, but promotes it by harboring bacteria and hindering oral hygiene

Dental Calculus Formation

  • Calculus is mineralized, petrified dental plaque
  • Plaque accumulates on teeth and, if not removed, mineralizes over time forming calculus
  • Saliva and crevicular fluid contribute to the mineralization of calculus
  • Supragingival calculus forms above the gumline, primarily from saliva
  • Subgingival calculus forms below the gumline, primarily from crevicular fluid and saliva

Calculus Composition

  • Dental calculus is composed of both organic and inorganic substances
  • Inorganic substances (majority): calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, and hydroxyapatite crystals.
  • Organic substances (remainder): cellular debris, dead bacteria, and mucin.

Calculus Detection & Treatment

  • Methods for detecting calculus: probing, asking the patient
  • Kate's calculus formation: possible factors include genetic predisposition, or high calcium diet.

Calculus Attachment to Teeth

  • Calculus can attach to teeth through several mechanisms, including:

  • Attachment by means of pellicle.

  • Attachment to irregularities in tooth surfaces

  • Direct contact with the calcified component of the tooth surface.

  • Clots don't play a significant role in calculus adhesion

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Description

This quiz explores the relationship between dental calculus and periodontal disease, including the formation and composition of calculus. Understand how calculus acts as a risk factor, providing a breeding ground for bacteria and promoting gum inflammation. Test your knowledge on the types and effects of dental calculus.

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