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Questions and Answers
What is introjection?
What is introjection?
What is an example of acting out?
What is an example of acting out?
What is the primary function of defence mechanisms?
What is the primary function of defence mechanisms?
What is compensation?
What is compensation?
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What is denial as a defence mechanism?
What is denial as a defence mechanism?
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What is an example of regression?
What is an example of regression?
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What is repression as a defence mechanism?
What is repression as a defence mechanism?
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What is an example of apologising?
What is an example of apologising?
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What is rationalization as a defence mechanism?
What is rationalization as a defence mechanism?
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What is reaction formation as a defence mechanism?
What is reaction formation as a defence mechanism?
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What is the principle behind introjection?
What is the principle behind introjection?
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What is projection as a defence mechanism?
What is projection as a defence mechanism?
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What is an example of denial as a defence mechanism?
What is an example of denial as a defence mechanism?
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What is a characteristic of defence mechanisms?
What is a characteristic of defence mechanisms?
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What is the psychological defense mechanism where an individual redirects their feelings towards a less threatening object?
What is the psychological defense mechanism where an individual redirects their feelings towards a less threatening object?
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Which defense mechanism involves incorporating the qualities of someone admired into oneself?
Which defense mechanism involves incorporating the qualities of someone admired into oneself?
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What is the defense mechanism where an individual reduces their emotional involvement in situations that are viewed as disappointing and hurtful?
What is the defense mechanism where an individual reduces their emotional involvement in situations that are viewed as disappointing and hurtful?
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Which defense mechanism involves negating or removing some disapproved thought or act?
Which defense mechanism involves negating or removing some disapproved thought or act?
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What is the result of the defense mechanism of Submilation?
What is the result of the defense mechanism of Submilation?
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What is an example of Displacement according to the content?
What is an example of Displacement according to the content?
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What is the purpose of the defense mechanism of Undoing?
What is the purpose of the defense mechanism of Undoing?
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What is an example of Emotional Insulation according to the content?
What is an example of Emotional Insulation according to the content?
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Study Notes
Defence Mechanisms
- Defence mechanisms are used to reduce anxiety caused by unacceptable desires and impulses.
- They have two properties: they deny or falsify reality and operate unconsciously.
Types of Defence Mechanisms
Denial
- Denial involves falsifying reality by saying it does not exist or perceiving it in a distorted way.
- Example: A person denying they are an alcoholic or a student denying they are lazy.
Repression
- Repression involves automatically erasing threatening experiences from the conscious mind and storing them deep in the unconscious.
- Example: Electra and Oedipus complex.
Rationalisation
- Rationalisation involves providing a reasonable explanation to make unreasonable behaviour appear logical and justify one's actions.
- Example: When not invited to a party, saying "I wouldn't have gone even if invited because I have work to complete or I hate parties."
Reaction Formation
- Reaction formation involves behaving in a way that is extremely opposite to one's real feelings.
- Example: Hate is replaced by love, and extravagant behaviour denotes reaction formation.
Projection
- Projection involves assigning one's own undesirable qualities, thoughts, and feelings to other people in an exaggerated amount.
- Example: "She hates me" instead of "I hate her".
Displacement
- Displacement involves transferring an impulse, idea, or feelings from a threatening object to a less threatening object.
- Example: A clerk who is bullied by their superiors displaces their hostility on their wife and children.
Sublimation
- Sublimation is a productive defence mechanism that results in higher cultural achievements.
- Example: Sexual impulses can be expressed in creative forms like painting, poetry, sculpture, or music.
Identification
- Identification involves incorporating the qualities of someone one admires into oneself and starting to behave like them.
- Example: "I want to be just like you, a successful surgeon."
Emotional Insulation
- Emotional insulation involves reducing one's emotional involvement in situations that are viewed as disappointing and hurtful.
- Example: Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment lose hope and adapt to a restricted way of life.
Undoing
- Undoing involves negating or removing some disapproved thought or act.
- Example: Apologising for coping in an exam or donating large amounts of money in temples earned through wrong deeds.
Introjection
- Introjection involves accepting others' values and norms as one's own, even when they are contrary to one's own beliefs.
- Example: In a dictatorial form of government, people may introject the new values and beliefs as protection to themselves.
Acting Out
- Acting out involves reducing anxiety associated with dangerous desires by actually permitting their expressions.
- Example: Eloping with a girl or a violent protest against the management.
Compensation
- Compensation involves giving something to replace the loss or to make up for a defect.
- Example: A student who is poor in studies may compensate by becoming a college champion in sports.
Regression
- Regression involves behaving in a less mature way, i.e., going back to early days of childhood.
- Example: Sleeping in a foetal position, thumb sucking, bed wetting, and frequent crying are forms of regression.
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Description
Learn about the powerful sources of id desires, anxiety, and defence mechanisms that help express impulses in a disguised form, avoiding societal punishments and superego condemnation.
