Psychology of Anxiety and Defense Mechanisms

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Questions and Answers

What is the most important unit in a Filipino's life?

Family (correct)

Community

State

Church

What is unique about the Filipino sense of time?

They are always on time

They follow a strict schedule

They are never late

They work according to a 'natural clock' (correct)

What is a characteristic of Filipino humor?

It's always serious

It's always sarcastic

It can be found in everything (correct)

It's only used in formal settings

What is the Propium in the context of personality development?

Traits that a person regards as central to their lives Signup and view all the answers

What type of family consists of two adults and any number of children?

Nuclear family Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of Filipino culture?

Hard work and industriousness Signup and view all the answers

What is Functional Autonomy?

Some human motives that are functionally independent from the original motive Signup and view all the answers

What is Perseverative Functional Autonomy?

The tendency of some basic behavior to continue without reinforcement Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Filipino hospitality?

It's legendary and universal Signup and view all the answers

What type of family includes grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins?

Extended family Signup and view all the answers

What is the Bodily Sense of Self stage characterized by?

Sensory information providing an anchor for self-awareness Signup and view all the answers

What is a key survival skill Filipinos have developed through time?

Ability to survive with whatever they have Signup and view all the answers

What is the Ego-Extension stage characterized by?

Identifying with personal possessions Signup and view all the answers

What is the Rational Agent stage characterized by?

Engaging in reflective thought and problem-solving Signup and view all the answers

What is the Propriate Striving stage characterized by?

Ego-involved behavior, characterized by the unification of personality Signup and view all the answers

According to Hayns Eysenck, what are the four components of personality?

Character, Temperament, Intellect, and Physique Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of anxiety according to the content?

The sudden change of security from womb to the outside world Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to others?

Projection Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anxiety is caused by real, objective sources of danger in the environment?

Reality Anxiety Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the modification of unacceptable urges into acceptable ones by changing the object or means of expression?

Sublimation Signup and view all the answers

Which defense mechanism involves excluding threatening thoughts, memories, emotions, or events from consciousness?

Repression Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the reversion to immature patterns of behavior?

Regression Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for separating normal feelings from an unpleasant situation into logical compartments?

Intellectualization Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the refusal to accept fact or reality?

Denial Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the interactionist/labelling perspective?

How social control agents attach stigmatizing stereotypes to certain groups Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of labeling someone as a criminal?

Negative reactions from others Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern of ethnomethodology?

How people make sense of their daily lives through practical reasoning Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between acts and accounts in ethnomethodology?

Acts are dependent on accounts Signup and view all the answers

What is the approach of ethnomethodology towards members' techniques?

Treats them without irony Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of ethnomethodological studies?

The everyday tactics employed by individuals to create social order Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between formal and informal labels?

Formal labels are given by people with formal position, while informal labels are given by groups of individuals without official power Signup and view all the answers

What is the concern of labeling theorists when studying the consequences of labeling?

The negative outcomes of labeling Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a single parent in a family?

To have most of the day-to-day responsibilities for raising the children Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the legalization of same-sex marriage in 2014?

An increase in the number of same-sex families Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the 'structure' in family structure?

To give direction and impose rules on the children Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Filipinos?

Being friendly and outgoing Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of intrapersonal skills?

Recognizing one's own strengths and weaknesses Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of building self-awareness in intrapersonal and interpersonal relationships?

Developing the abilities to perform a job successfully Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between single-parent and same-sex families?

The number of parents involved in raising the children Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of same-sex families?

The children may be adopted or biologically related to one parent Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Anxiety

Anxiety is an extremely unpleasant emotional state that results from the ego's reaction to the threatening urge of instincts from the id.
The most overwhelming experience of anxiety is birth trauma, which is the basis of all subsequent anxieties.
There are three types of anxiety:
- Moral anxiety: fear of doing something contrary to the superego, thus experiencing guilt.
- Reality anxiety: caused by real, objective sources of danger in the environment.
- Neurotic anxiety: unconscious fear of being overpowered by instinctual impulses.

Defense Mechanisms

Defense mechanisms are unconscious psychological strategies for coping with threatening instinctual urges.
There are 11 defense mechanisms:
- Projection: attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to others.
- Introjection: internalization of characteristics of a feared or loved individual.
- Displacement: diverting emotional feelings from their original source to a substitute target.
- Rationalization: justification of a provoking thought that may be otherwise anxiety-provoking.
- Sublimation: modification of unacceptable urges into acceptable urges by changing the object or means of expression into a productive way.
- Reaction formation: managing unacceptable feelings or impulses by expressing their opposites.
- Repression: excluding threatening thoughts, memories, emotions, or events from consciousness.
- Regression: reversion to immature patterns of behavior.
- Intellectualization: separating normal feelings from an unpleasant situation into logic-tight compartments.
- Denial: refusal to accept facts or reality.
- Propium: all traits that a person regards as central to their lives.

Functional Autonomy

Functional autonomy holds that some human motives are functionally independent from the original motive responsible for a particular behavior.
There are two types of functional autonomy:
- Perseverative functional autonomy: the tendency of some basic behavior to continue without reinforcement.
- Propriate functional autonomy: self-sustaining motives related to propium.

Stages of Development of Self

There are eight stages of development of self:
- Bodily sense of self (0-3): sensory information provides an anchor for self-awareness.
- Ego enhancement or self-esteem (2-3): sense of pride or shame depending on achievement.
- Ego-extension (3-4 or 4-6): identifying with personal possessions, loved ones, and ideal causes and loyalties.
- Self-image (4-6): learned expectations of roles we are expected to enact.
- Rational agent (6-12): engaging in reflective thought and problem-solving.
- Propriate striving (12+): "ego-involved" behavior, characterized by the unification of personality in pursuit of major life goals.
- The knower (adult): integration of the previous seven aspects of proprium.

Hayns Eysenck's Biological Typology

Personality is defined as the stable and enduring organization of a person's character, temperament, intellect, and physique that determines their adjustment to the environment.
There are four aspects to personality:
- Character: system of cognitive behavior (will).
- Temperament: system of affective behavior (emotion).
- Intellect.
- Physique: system of bodily configuration and neuroendocrine endowment.
Personality is governed by three dimensions or universal traits.

Filipino Values

There are seven Filipino values:
- Family orientation: the basic and most important unit of Filipino life is the family.
- Joy and humor: Filipinos have the ability to find humor in everything.
- Flexibility, adaptability, and creativity: Filipinos are known to have an aversion to following standardized norms or processes.
- Religious adherence.
- Ability to survive: Filipinos have evolved a sense of ingenuity or the capacity to live with whatever they have through time.
- Hard work and industriousness: Filipinos have proven to be a people with an industrious attitude.
- Hospitality: Filipinos are known for their legendary hospitality.

Types of Families

There are five types of families:
- Nuclear family: a family unit consisting of two adults and any number of children living together.
- Extended family: grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins, either all living nearby or within the same household.
- Reconstituted family: a family where one or both adults have children from previous relationships living with them.
- Single-parent family: a single parent not living with a partner, who has most of the day-to-day responsibilities for raising the children.
- Same-sex family: a family where one or both adults are in a same-sex relationship, with or without children.

Filipino Characteristics and Traits

Filipinos are described as friendly, outgoing, sensitive, easily offended, nosy, garrulous, direct, hospitable, feisty, irreverent, good-natured, clever, witty, gregarious, happy, generous, easy to laugh, gracious, easy to befriend, casual, fun-loving, sensitive, and hospitable.

Personal and Professional Growth Process

Building self-awareness in intrapersonal and interpersonal relationships is a developing process.
It involves recognizing one's own strengths and weaknesses and developing the abilities needed to perform a job successfully.

Interactionist/Labelling Perspective

Labeling theory is a sociological approach to deviance that focuses on how social control agents attach stigmatizing stereotypes to certain groups and how the stigmatized adjust their behavior after being labeled.
There are formal and informal labels, with formal labels given by people with formal position and the ability to recognize aberrant behavior, and informal labels given by groups of individuals without official power to do so.

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Description

This quiz covers the concept of anxiety, its types, and defense mechanisms in psychology. It explores the role of anxiety in human behavior and its relation to the id and ego.