Data Analysis and Value Stream Mapping Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of these is NOT a way data can be used?

  • Confirm or disprove preconceived ideas and theories
  • Establish a performance baseline
  • Predict an individual's future behavior (correct)
  • Identify and understand relationships that might explain variation

What is the core focus of the VSM process?

  • Optimizing the flow of materials and information.
  • Identifying and eliminating non-value added activities.
  • Streamlining production processes to increase efficiency.
  • Improving communication between stakeholders and process operators.
  • All of these (correct)

What is a key characteristic of useful data?

  • Irrelevant
  • Representative (correct)
  • Complex
  • Subjective

How does VSM reveal the impact of non-value added (NVA) activities?

<p>By calculating the NVA activities in terms of customer demand. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of data deals with numbers and things that can be measured objectively?

<p>Quantitative (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of data includes information about descriptors like colors, tastes, and smells?

<p>Qualitative (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a Value Added (VA) activity?

<p>Adding a feature that enhances the product's functionality. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following activities would be classified as Necessary Non-Value Added (NNVA)?

<p>Conducting a safety inspection mandated by regulations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a type of data selection?

<p>Hypothetical (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT considered a waste in VSM?

<p>Value-added activities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of data refers to the number of widgets, number of complaints, or percentage of incomplete orders?

<p>Count Data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to the data that your team selects as contributing to changing the project metric?

<p>Y Data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best place to start prioritizing and selecting 'Y's for data analysis?

<p>Your SIPOC diagram outputs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for using a family of measures instead of just one measure?

<p>To prevent the team from focusing solely on improving one aspect of the process. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of 'X' data in the context of performance improvement?

<p>To identify the specific inputs (X's) that are influencing the outputs (Y's). (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a factor that contributes to excessive set-up and run times in Batch and Queue environments?

<p>Consistent quality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of creating a Value Stream Map?

<p>It eliminates the need for physical observation of the process. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is 'Run Time' considered the only value-added step in Lead Time?

<p>It is the only step that directly transforms raw materials into finished goods. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to consider the customer's perspective when defining value in a process?

<p>To ensure that the process meets the customer's needs and expectations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key characteristic of a value stream?

<p>It includes all the activities that are necessary to fulfill a customer's request. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why Batch and Queue environments are considered 'Not Lean'?

<p>They are not efficient. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to long 'Move' and 'Wait' times in a Batch and Queue environment?

<p>Efficient processes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of using a family of measures?

<p>To avoid focusing on just one aspect of performance and missing other important areas. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main advantages of having a value stream map that is comprehensive and detailed?

<p>It makes it easier to identify and eliminate waste in the process. (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a common reason for non-standard processes in a Batch and Queue environment?

<p>Efficient tooling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key step in defining value?

<p>Determining the potential for cost saving in the process. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is the only step in the Lead Time that adds value to the product?

<p>Run (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are Batch and Queue environments often associated with large batch sizes?

<p>To minimize setup costs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a common factor contributing to 'Wait' and 'Queue' times?

<p>Efficient processes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which metric is best suited for evaluating the probability of a unit successfully passing through a process without any errors?

<p>RTY (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common example of a defect opportunity in a customer service application?

<p>Prompt response time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which metric is most appropriate for situations where multiple potential defects exist per unit of output?

<p>DPMO (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'unit' refer to in the context of defect measures?

<p>An individual item or instance of the process output (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of utilizing the 'Z' value or 'Sigma' level in defect measures?

<p>To assess the capability of a process output against specifications (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a process has a 'Z' value of 1.2, what does it indicate about its capability?

<p>The process is moderately capable, with some potential for defects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a valid use case for PPM (parts per million) metric?

<p>Predicting the number of defective units in a large-scale project with minimal defect opportunities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using DPMO (defects per million opportunities) metric in defect analysis?

<p>It accounts for the complexity and variability of the process (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A process map that depicts the process as it actually works in a company is called a:

<p>As Is/Current State Map (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using process mapping in the Measure phase?

<p>Measuring process capability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a workflow or spaghetti map?

<p>Visualizing the movement of people, materials, and information (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the phrase 'Total Life Cycle Performance' refer to in the context of process mapping?

<p>The complete chain of activities involved in delivering a product or service (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component that could be mapped in a process map?

<p>Emotions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between an 'As Was' map and a 'Should Be' map?

<p>The 'Should Be' map represents the ideal state, while the 'As Was' map shows the historical reality. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can process mapping assist in identifying improvement opportunities?

<p>By identifying process redundancies, delays, and inefficiencies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of a process map in the Measure phase of DMAIC?

<p>To understand the current state of the process. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Process Map

A visual representation of the steps in a process.

DMAIC Model

A problem-solving approach involving Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control phases.

Value Stream Mapping

A technique to visualize and analyze the flow of materials and information.

As Is/Current State

A depiction of how a process currently operates.

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Future State

A projection of how a process will ideally operate in the future.

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Workflow (Spaghetti) Maps

Visual maps showing movements within a workspace to identify inefficiencies.

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Process Complexity

The intricacy of a process determined by its steps and interactions.

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Total Life Cycle

Performance assessment of a process over its entire lifespan.

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Value Stream Mapping (VSM)

A process that identifies waste and improves overall efficiency by gathering stakeholder input and communication.

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Non-Value Added (NVA) Activities

Activities that do not contribute to customer value and can increase lead time, like excess inventory or waiting.

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Value Added (VA) Actions

Activities that enhance the product meaningfully, transforming inputs, and which customers would pay for.

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Necessary Non-Value Added (NNVA) Activities

Activities required by law or policy that do not add value but are essential for compliance or risk management.

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Lead Time Calculation

Determining the time taken for NVA activities by relating them to customer demand, revealing impact on efficiency.

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Performance Baseline

A standard or level of performance used for comparison.

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Quantitative Data

Data that deals with measurable numbers, like counts or prices.

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Qualitative Data

Data about descriptors and characteristics that are observed, not measured.

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Y Data

Data that measures performance based on output selected by the team.

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Binomial Data

Data with two possible outcomes, like Yes/No or Accept/Reject.

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Nominal Data

Categorical data used to label or name characteristics without order.

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Measure Data

Data that is quantifiable based on physical quantities such as time and money.

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Selecting 'Y's

The process of prioritizing outputs based on importance to the project.

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Customer Importance

Understanding what matters most to customers to align goals.

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Measure Selection

Choosing a small number of key performance measures.

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Family of Measures

Using interrelated metrics to prevent misleading results.

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Value in Processes

Determining what actions contribute to value creation.

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Essential Steps

Actions needed to transform inputs into products or services.

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Value Stream Vision

Comprehensive mapping to improve efficiency and reduce variability.

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Batch and Queue

A system where unfinished goods move together to minimize setup changes.

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Lead Time

Total time taken from order to delivery, including processing and waiting.

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Setup Time

The time required to prepare and start processing the next job.

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Run Time

The actual processing time for each unit of production.

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Move Time

The time spent moving goods between processes.

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Queue Time

Time that orders wait before being processed.

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Excessive Setup and Run Times

Wasted time caused by poor layout and non-standard processes.

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Value Added

The portion of lead time that directly contributes to product value.

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Defect

Any failure to meet an essential requirement of a customer.

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Defective Unit

Any unit that has one or more defects.

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Defect Opportunity

A potential defect on a unit that is important to the customer.

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PPM (Parts Per Million)

Predicted defective units per million evaluated, for simple projects.

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DPMO (Defects Per Million Opportunities)

Defects that consider multiple opportunities for each output unit.

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DPU (Defects Per Unit Output)

Defects measured on a unit basis, often used for improvement metrics.

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RTY (Rolled Throughput Yield)

Probability of a single unit going through a process without error.

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'Z' Value or 'Sigma' Level

Shows a process's capability against a target value.

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