Musculoskeletal Pharmacology

<p>Esophageal strictures causing delayed emptying. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10 years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ingest on an empty stomach with plain water. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Paget's disease of the bone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Notify the health care professional as it may require discontinuation of therapy. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acetaminophen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>6 months (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coffee (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relief of muscle spasm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>7.5 mg/day (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Take the missed dose if remembered within 1 hour of the scheduled time. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent esophageal irritation and facilitate gastric emptying. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acute musculoskeletal pain with muscle spasm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduces tonic somatic muscle activity in the brain stem (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1-3 days (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hepatotoxicity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>MAO inhibitors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3–8 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Geriatric patients (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>400 mg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1–2.5 mg/kg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ryanodex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rapid IV push over 1 minute (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Administer with food (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Liver function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10 mg/kg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>20 mg in 60 mL of sterile water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>6 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Persistent diarrhea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Selectively inhibits COX-2 enzyme, essential for prostaglandin synthesis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gout (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>5-10 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tamoxifen is contraindicated due to the DVT and warfarin use. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hot flashes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Warfarin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calcium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oral (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CYP2C9 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Take the medication with food or fluids. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Uterine malignancies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assess the pain and consult with the healthcare professional regarding analgesics. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-hormonal contraceptives (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CYP2C9 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vaginal bleeding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10 mg once daily (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dissolved in 4 oz of plain room temperature water, stirred and drunk after effervescence stops (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Feces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CYP2D6 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Paget's Disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>30 minutes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plain room temperature water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Take it the morning after remembered and resume the usual schedule the following week (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Consult a healthcare professional about the need for supplementation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Endoxifen and 4-hydroxytamoxifen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decreased metabolism and reduced effectiveness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>None of the above; it is exclusively indicated for breast cancer-related conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antiestrogen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By competing with estrogen for binding sites, reducing DNA synthesis and estrogen response (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A muscle relaxant used to relieve pain from muscle spasms.

Used for acute painful musculoskeletal conditions and fibromyalgia.

Ranges from 1 to 3 days, influencing dosing schedule.

5 mg once daily for men and premenopausal women.

10 mg once daily for postmenopausal women not on estrogen.

Evaluate patients for low bone mass before and during therapy.

Symptoms include bone pain, headache, and increased skull size.

Assess serum calcium before starting alendronate therapy.

Take in the morning, 30 min before food or other medications.

Dissolve tablet in half a glass of room temperature water.

Skip missed dose; do not double dose next morning.

Remain upright for 30 min after taking alendronate.

Encourage balanced diet and potential calcium, vitamin D supplements.

Used for estrogen-receptor positive metastatic breast cancer.

Competes with estrogen for binding sites, reducing tumor growth.

Affects metabolism of tamoxifen; some may not process effectively.

Half-life is approximately 7 days.

Oral: Onset in 4-10 weeks; peak several months; duration several weeks.

Not suitable for hypersensitivity, pregnancy, warfarin with DVT or PE.

Can cause DVT, edema, hot flashes, nausea, and confusion.

Monitor CBC, platelets, calcium levels; verify negative pregnancy test.

Instruct patients on missed doses, pain reporting, and weight monitoring.

20 mg PO daily for metastatic breast cancer and prevention in high-risk women.

Therapeutic: antirheumatics; Pharmacologic: COX-2 inhibitors.

Used for osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute pain, and primary dysmenorrhea.

Inhibits COX-2 enzyme, decreasing prostaglandin synthesis.

Can lead to cardiovascular issues, gastrointestinal problems, and liver enzymes increase.

May decrease effects of certain drugs or increase warfarin's anticoagulant effect.

Extensively distributed, 97% protein binding, metabolized in the liver.

Effective for acute pain and can be used in migraine treatment.

Bioavailability is unknown; absorption varies significantly.

May cause fetal harm; nonhormonal contraception recommended for women of reproductive potential.

A condition where certain drugs cannot be mixed in the same IV line.

A monoclonal antibody used for treating certain cancers and multiple sclerosis.

Patient guidance to avoid exceeding the prescribed medication amount.

Skin reactions caused by exposure to sunlight while on certain medications.

A medication used to treat and prevent osteoporosis by inhibiting bone resorption.

Describes how alendronate is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted.

Used for treating osteoporosis, Paget’s disease, and corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis.

Conditions where alendronate should not be used, like esophageal abnormalities.

Dosing of alendronate typically involves daily or weekly oral intake.

Alendronate is administered in higher doses for 6 months to treat Paget’s disease.

Potential adverse effects such as dizziness or muscle weakness that require patient observation.

Patients should avoid concurrent use of alcohol and CNS depressants to reduce risks.