CSC 1061 OOP and ADTs Week 02 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of using abstraction in problem-solving?

  • To create a visual representation of data
  • To ensure all data is accessible to the user
  • To increase the complexity of the class design
  • To simplify complex systems by highlighting only essential details (correct)

Which member function type is NOT typically used in class design?

  • Public constructor functions (correct)
  • Default argument functions
  • Constant member functions
  • Modification member functions

What is the primary purpose of a class in object-oriented programming?

  • To handle user interface design
  • To create multiple instances of a program
  • To serve as a blueprint for objects (correct)
  • To manage memory allocation

What is the role of macro/include guards in a class header file?

<p>To prevent multiple inclusions of the same header file (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an Abstract Data Type (ADT) represent in object-oriented programming?

<p>A class that encapsulates data and behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes encapsulation in OOP?

<p>It allows data members to be private within a class (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the header files in C++?

<p>To declare function prototypes and types used in a program (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of a class in OOP?

<p>It serves as a blueprint for creating objects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of a class defines its characteristics?

<p>Data members (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided when including files in C++?

<p>Using #include on the CPP files directly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an include guard in header files?

<p>To prevent multiple declarations of a header (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes a class in C++?

<p>A class is an abstract data type that can create objects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the build process of a multi-file program, what is the role of the linker?

<p>To link all object files and create the executable file (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is a programmer-defined header file included in a C++ program?

<p>#include &quot;programmerHeader.h&quot; (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does encapsulation in a class ensure?

<p>Data members of a class are hidden from the user (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial step in creating a multi-file program?

<p>The preprocessor includes all necessary header files (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command is typically used as the compiler command in a makefile for C++?

<p>g++ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must a makefile do to ensure all source files compile correctly?

<p>Ensure that header files are included before source files (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of encapsulation in a class?

<p>To ensure private data cannot be altered directly from outside the class. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about constructors?

<p>A default constructor does not require parameters. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two characteristics distinguish a function as a constructor of a class?

<p>It has no return type and its name matches the class name. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of getter and setter functions in encapsulation?

<p>They retrieve and update private data members in a controlled manner. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an object of a class is created with a parameterized constructor?

<p>The constructor is invoked once to initialize the object with the given parameters. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes member functions?

<p>They can be private, public, or protected and manipulate class data. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can constructors be differentiated based on their definitions?

<p>By the number of parameters they take and their visibility level. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of member function is specifically designed to change the value of a data member?

<p>Setter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Class

A class is a custom data type that encapsulates data and functionality around a specific idea. This allows for reusability across different parts of your code.

ADT (Abstract Data Type)

An Abstract Data Type (ADT) is a theoretical description of a data type, focusing on what operations can be performed on it, rather than how it is implemented. Classes in object-oriented programming represent ADTs.

OOP

OOP (Object-Oriented Programming) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of "objects." Objects contain data (attributes) and methods (functions) that operate on that data. OOP promotes code reusability, modularity, and data hiding.

Information Hiding

Information hiding is a principle of OOP where details of a class's internal implementation are kept private. This prevents direct manipulation of internal data and allows for easier maintenance and modification.

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Header File

A header file defines a class, outlining its data members, member functions, and constructors. It typically ends with a .h or .hpp extension.

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Data Member (Field)

A variable that holds data within a class, describing the characteristics or properties of an object.

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Member Function

A function associated with a class, defining actions or operations that can be performed on objects of that type.

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Encapsulation

Hiding internal implementation details of a class from the outside world, ensuring data integrity and easier maintainability.

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Header File (.h or .hpp)

A file that contains declarations of classes, functions, and variables, making them available to other parts of the program.

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iostream

A system header file in C++ that provides standard input/output stream functionality, allowing for interaction with the user (e.g., reading input, printing output).

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Programmer-defined header file

A text file with the extension '.h' or '.hpp' that contains declarations (like function prototypes) that are used in multiple source code files. This allows for code organization and reusability.

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Include directive (#include)

A preprocessor directive used to include the content of a header file into your source code during compilation. It helps to organize and share code.

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Include guard (#ifndef ... #define ... #endif)

A technique used in header files to prevent multiple declarations of the same code when a header file is included in multiple source files. It ensures clean compilation.

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Makefile

A file that contains instructions for building a program, including how to compile and link the different parts of the code. It helps to automate the build process.

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Multi-file program building

The process of compiling and linking separate source code files into a single executable program. It involves three main steps: preprocessing, compilation, and linking.

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Constructor

A special member function that initializes the data members of an object when it's created. It has the same name as the class and doesn't have a return type.

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Default Constructor

A constructor that doesn't take any parameters. It's used to create objects with default values.

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Parameterized Constructor

A constructor that takes parameters. It allows you to initialize an object with specific values when it's created.

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Getter Function (Accessor)

A member function that accesses or retrieves the value of a private data member.

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Setter Function (Mutator)

A member function that modifies or changes the value of a private data member.

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Polymorphism

The ability of a member function to perform different tasks based on the type of object it's called on. This is achieved by overloading with different versions of the function.

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Study Notes

Course Information

  • Course code: CSC 1061
  • Topic: Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) and Abstract Data Types (ADTs)

Objectives

  • Understand abstraction and its role in problem-solving
  • Design new classes using information hiding with private member variables, constant member functions, and modifying member functions
  • Write header and implementation files for new classes
  • Create objects from new classes
  • Identify situations where member functions and constructors can benefit from default arguments and constructor initializers

Agenda (Week 02)

  • Jeopardy Semester Assignment
  • Abstract Data Types (ADTs) and OOP
  • Classes, Objects, this, and static
  • Macros/Include Guards
  • Building/Making a Project
  • Demo: Date Class
  • To-Do List
  • Resources for Help

Semester Assignment Details

  • Resource file: "categories.csv"
  • ADT: Abstract Data Type
  • Data Structures/Container Classes
    • Contestants (Bag of Players)
    • Category Filenames (Dynamic List Template)
    • Category of Questions (Linked List Template)
    • Board (Binary Tree Template)
  • Player
  • Question
  • Record (inherited class of std::string)

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

  • A class is a custom data type or ADT
  • A class encapsulates data and functionality
  • Data is kept private
  • Public functions apply to data

OOP - Abstract Data Types (ADTs)

  • Built-in simple data types in C++ (int, float, double, char, bool)
  • Standard library classes (e.g., std::string)
  • User-defined types (ADTs) are created using classes

Classes and Objects

  • A class is a blueprint for an object
  • A class defines the structure and behavior of an object
  • Creating a class does not allocate memory
  • Objects are created from classes
  • Objects have memory and values

OOP in C++

  • Defining Classes: (Specific focus on topics like 1.12.1. Fraction Class, 1.12.2. Abstraction, and Encapsulation)

Header Files and Source Files

  • Header files: Contain declarations (function prototypes) and are not compiled
  • Source files: Contain implementations (definitions) and are compiled
  • #include directives are used to include header files
  • Never #include a .cpp file within a .h file
  • Only #include necessary system headers or programmer defined headers
  • Include guards prevent multiple inclusions of the same header

Macro (Include) Guard

Identifiers help prevent re-declaration of symbols in header files.

Build (Make) a Multi-File Program

  • Preprocessor: Replaces #include with header file contents
  • Compiler: Compiles source code into object files
  • Linker: Links object files to create an executable

Makefile (Project File)

  • Update for multi-file projects to compile correctly after updating header and source files. Use existing templates in case of codeHS projects.

Review - Classes and Objects

  • Classes are ADTs (abstract data types) with data members and member functions
  • A class defines a type
  • Objects are instances of classes

Data Members (Encapsulation)

  • A class contains data members
  • Encapsulation hides data, making the data private within the class, thus avoiding direct access from outside the class.
  • Public functions (getters and setters) enable access and modification, promoting code structure and maintenance.

Constructors

  • Allow creating and initializing objects
  • All classes should have a default constructor
  • Default constructors do not take any parameters

Constructors (Multiple Options)

  • Constructors cannot be explicitly called as regular member functions
  • Execute only once when a new object is created
  • Can be overloaded to have different parameter counts or types

Class Member Functions

  • Functions belonging to a class that operate on class data members
  • Access functions (getters) return data members
  • Modifier functions (setters) change data members
  • Other functions perform tasks on data members

PythonTutor Demo: Date Class

  • Visualize and run the date class demo
  • Review and label the parts of the code: Class declaration, constructors, member functions, data members, class definition, main driver, objects, member function calls

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Related Documents

CSC 1061 Week 02 ADT Classes and OOP PDF

Description

This quiz explores key concepts of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) and Abstract Data Types (ADTs) covered in week 02 of CSC 1061. Students will demonstrate their understanding of class design, abstraction, member functions, and constructors as part of their semester assignment. Test your skills on these foundational topics in programming!

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