Coxsackie A Virus and Human Coronaviruses Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which virus is a member of the Picornaviridae family and is a common etiological agent of the common cold?

Rhinovirus (correct)

Adenovirus

Influenza

Coronavirus

What is the primary cell receptor for viral attachment in the pathogenesis of the common cold?

Toll-like receptor

CD4 receptor

ACE2 receptor

ICAM-1 receptor (correct)

Which virus can lead to secondary bacterial infections causing mucopurulent secretions in the common cold?

Metapneumovirus

Parainfluenza

Influenza

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (correct)

Which symptom is less likely to occur with a viral upper respiratory infection?

Severe cough Signup and view all the answers

What can result from the severe blockage of the Sinus ostia or the Eustachian tube in the common cold?

Otitis media Signup and view all the answers

Which family of viruses is the most frequent cause of bronchiolitis?

Paramyxovirus Signup and view all the answers

During which seasons do outbreaks of bronchiolitis occur?

Late Fall through Spring Signup and view all the answers

How long does viral shedding typically last in immuno-competent individuals?

1 to 3 weeks Signup and view all the answers

Which individuals are recommended for perinatal RSV prophylaxis after discharge?

Infants with a history of prematurity, congenital heart diseases, chronic lung disease, and/or immunodeficiencies Signup and view all the answers

Which age group is at an increased risk of severe infection from bronchiolitis?

Elderly Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which Adenovirus interferes with the host antiviral response?

Encoding RNA decoys that bind PKR but do not activate it Signup and view all the answers

What are the clinical manifestations of Adenovirus upper respiratory syndromes?

Febrile pharyngitis, pharyngoconjunctival fever, and pneumonia Signup and view all the answers

How is Rhinovirus genomic RNA translated into mature proteins?

Cap-independent initiation of translation and release of mature proteins mediated by viral proteinase Signup and view all the answers

How does Rhinovirus cause pathogenesis in the upper airways?

Rapid killing of few cells causing runny nose, mucus production, and low-grade fever Signup and view all the answers

How is the replication cycle of Rhinovirus initiated?

Binding to ICAM or LDL, leading to capsid conformation change and uncoating Signup and view all the answers

Which viral protein of Parainfluenza mediates attachment to host cells through sialic acid?

HN Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of spread of Parainfluenza?

Non-lytic spread through respiratory droplets Signup and view all the answers

Which age group experiences a peak in RSV infections?

6-12 months Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended prophylactic treatment for premature babies at risk of RSV?

Palivizumab Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic manifestation helps in diagnosing Croup, a manifestation of Parainfluenza infection?

Stridor, hoarseness, and cough Signup and view all the answers

Which cellular receptors does Adenovirus use in the respiratory system?

Adenovirus-coxsackie virus receptor (CAR) and CD46 Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Adenovirus infection in an infected epithelial cell?

A dense central intranuclear inclusion Signup and view all the answers

Which cells can Adenovirus produce lytic, latent, and transforming infections in?

Permissive and non-permissive cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the size range of Adenovirus capsid virus?

70-90 nm Signup and view all the answers

Which receptors are involved in the activation of type I interferons and inflammatory cytokines by Adenovirus?

RIG-1, TLR9, and TLR2 Signup and view all the answers

Which virus causes diseases such as common cold, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, aseptic meningitis, and meningoencephalitis?

Coxsackie A virus Signup and view all the answers

Which anti-viral drug targets different stages of Coxsackie A virus replication?

Pleconaril Signup and view all the answers

Which type of coronaviruses contribute to about 10-15% of upper respiratory tract infections and mainly affect infants and children?

HCoV-229E Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique feature that allows Coronaviruses to withstand gastrointestinal conditions and be spread by the fecal-oral route, in addition to the respiratory route?

The 'corona' formed by glycoproteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the incubation period for human coronavirus infections?

3 days Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Comparison of Coxsackie A Virus and Human Coronaviruses

Coxsackie A virus belongs to the Picornavirus family, has a naked, small icosahedral capsid, and causes diseases such as common cold, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, aseptic meningitis, and meningoencephalitis.
Anti-viral drugs like Arildone, dioxarile, Pleconaril, and ribavirin target different stages of Coxsackie A virus replication.
Human Coronaviruses have a spherical virion with petal-shaped spikes, and cause diseases similar to the common cold with specific receptors for attachment and entry.
Coronaviruses interact with the host through non-lytic release by exocytosis and have a strict species specificity for host cell range.
Human Coronaviruses such as HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL43, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-HKU1 contribute to about 10-15% of upper respiratory tract infections and mainly affect infants and children.
The replication cycle of Coronaviruses involves attachment to receptors, entry/fusion, translation of nonstructural proteins, genome transcription and replication, translation of structural proteins, and virion assembly and release.
The unique "corona" formed by glycoproteins allows Coronaviruses to withstand gastrointestinal conditions and be spread by the fecal-oral route, in addition to the respiratory route.
Human Coronaviruses prefer an optimum temperature of 33°C-35°C for growth, causing localized upper respiratory tract infections, while zoonotic coronaviruses like SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV can cause systemic disease.
The incubation period for human coronavirus infections is about 3 days, with the illness lasting between 2 and 18 days, and reinfection is common even in the presence of antibodies.
Coronaviruses like SARS-CoV2, which cause severe respiratory disease, are zoonotic and can replicate at higher temperatures, leading to systemic disease.
The replication cycle of Coxsackie A virus involves blocking uncoating of the virus and preventing disassembly of the capsid, while Coronaviruses synthesize 6 individual mRNAs from a minus strand template and assemble virions in the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Coxsackie A virus and Coronaviruses have distinct virion structures, genomic architectures, and replication cycles, with differences in disease transmission, host range, and disease epidemiology.

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Description

Test your knowledge of Coxsackie A virus and human coronaviruses with this informative quiz. Explore their virology, replication cycles, diseases, and unique characteristics, and compare their differences in structure, transmission, and epidemiology.