Coronary Artery Disease and Arteriosclerosis Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main problem associated with Coronary Artery Disease?

  • Temporary cardiac ischemia
  • Angina pectoris
  • Myocardial infarction
  • Damage to heart muscle due to insufficient oxygen (correct)

Which condition has atheromas in the walls of large arteries?

  • Myocardial infarction
  • Arteriosclerosis
  • Atherosclerosis (correct)
  • Angina pectoris

What leads to diffuse ischemia and necrosis of tissues like kidney, brain, or heart?

  • Obstruction in arterioles
  • Loss of elasticity in small arteries (correct)
  • Narrowing of the lumen
  • Thickening and hardening of artery walls

Which type of artery change is described as involving thickening and hardening of walls, leading to narrowing of the lumen?

<p>Arteriosclerosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do atheromas typically form in the body due to turbulent blood flow at bifurcation points?

<p>Coronary arteries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cholesterol is considered 'good' and 'bad'?

<p>HDL and LDL (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis mentioned in the text?

<p>Genetic factors like hypertriglyceridemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical treatment for angina pectoris as per the text?

<p>Vasodilator administration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most widely used tool in diagnosing myocardial infarction according to the text?

<p>ECG changes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme released from necrotic tissue is considered most specific for myocardial tissue damage?

<p>CK-MB (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cardiac arrhythmia is characterized by a rapid and irregular heart rate of over 350 BPM?

<p>Atrial fibrillation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism behind the reduced cardiac output in ventricular tachycardia?

<p>Reduced ventricular filling time and decreased force of contraction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of heart block is characterized by a complete lack of transmission of impulses from the atria to the ventricles?

<p>Third-degree (total) heart block (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using defibrillators and cardioversion devices in the treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias?

<p>To shock the heart and restore its natural sinus rhythm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of cardiac arrest or asystole (standstill) according to the passage?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary cause of sudden death in patients with myocardial infarction (MI)?

<p>Ventricular arrhythmias, particularly ventricular fibrillation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which cocaine use can contribute to dysrhythmias in patients with myocardial infarction?

<p>Interference with conduction pathways and vasospasm leading to occlusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about premature atrial contractions (PACs) is correct?

<p>They are extra beats that occur due to delayed impulses re-exciting the same area (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor contributing to the increased prevalence of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation?

<p>Increased prevalence of coronary heart disease and aging of the population (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about sinus node abnormalities is correct?

<p>Sick sinus syndrome is characterized by alternating bradycardia and tachycardia, and may require a pacemaker (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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