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Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of kinesiology?
Which core muscle is located at the front of the abdominal section?
What role do the core muscles play in relation to internal pressure?
How does core anatomy contribute to overall body mobility?
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What does the term 'core' derive from in Greek, and what does it imply?
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What is the primary function of the Transversus Abdominis?
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Which muscle assists you in twisting your torso?
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What overarching goal do the major core muscles share?
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In which body position are the palms facing forward?
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What is the function of the Erector Spinae?
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Study Notes
Core Anatomy Overview
- Anatomy involves identifying and describing body structures, while physiology examines body functions and kinesiology focuses on movement.
- Core anatomy pertains to trunk and hip muscles surrounding the spine, abdominal viscera, and hips, crucial for stability and mobility.
Core Muscles Function
- Derived from the Greek "kormos," meaning "trunk of a tree," core muscles provide structural support, balance, postural stabilization, and mobility.
- Major core muscles include Rectus Abdominis, Transversus Abdominis, Internal Obliques, External Obliques, Multifidi, and Erector Spinae.
Major Core Muscles
- Rectus Abdominis: Located at the front of the abdomen, assists in bending forward.
- Transversus Abdominis: Found beneath the Rectus Abdominis, acts as an internal corset for abdominal support.
- Internal & External Obliques: Positioned on either side of the torso, facilitate twisting and bending.
- Multifidi: Deep back muscles that stabilize the spine during movement.
- Erector Spinae: Located alongside the spine, helps maintain an upright posture and enables backward bending.
Role of Core Muscles
- Core muscles generate internal pressure for activities such as childbirth and expulsion of bodily substances.
- A strong core enhances movement patterns and reduces injury risk, while a weak core leads to poor movement mechanics.
Anatomical Position and Directional Terms
- Anatomical Position: The body is upright, facing forward, with feet flat and arms at the sides, palms facing forward.
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Body Planes:
- Sagittal Plane: Divides the body into right and left sections.
- Frontal Plane: Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections.
- Transverse Plane: Divides the body into upper and lower sections.
Directional Terms Explained
- Medial: Toward the midline of the body.
- Lateral: Away from the midline.
- Superior: Towards the head (also called cranial).
- Inferior: Away from the head (also referred to as caudal).
- Anterior: Towards the front.
- Posterior: Towards the back.
- Proximal: Closer to the trunk attachment.
- Distal: Further from the trunk attachment.
- Superficial: Closer to the surface.
- Deep: Further from the surface.
- Unilateral: Involves one side of the body.
- Bilateral: Involves both sides of the body.
- Ipsilateral: Same side of the body.
- Contralateral: Opposite sides of the body.
Kinetic Chain Concept
- The kinetic chain describes interconnected muscle and joint systems, producing force through coordinated push or pull actions.
- Lower Kinetic Chain: Includes feet, ankles, knees, hips, pelvis, and spine.
- Upper Kinetic Chain: Consists of fingers, wrists, forearms, elbows, upper arms, shoulders, shoulder blades, and spinal column.
- Closed Kinetic Chain: Fixed distal segment (e.g., push-ups).
- Open Kinetic Chain: Free distal segment (e.g., bicep curls).
Posture and its Importance
- Good posture minimizes stress on joints and reduces muscle strain.
- Dynamic Posture: Position during movement.
- Static Posture: Position at rest.
- Conditions affecting posture include lumbar and thoracic lordosis, forward head posture, and sway back.
Tips to Improve Posture
- Be mindful of posture in daily activities.
- Engage in regular exercise, focusing on body awareness (e.g., yoga, tai chi).
- Strengthen core muscles for better stability.
- Maintain a healthy weight to support spinal health.
- Wear comfortable, low-heeled shoes to promote balance.
- Ensure workspaces are ergonomically suited to enhance posture.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts in core anatomy, focusing on trunk and hip muscles that support the spine and abdominal viscera. It also introduces the physiology of human movement and the functioning of the body's body structures. Test your knowledge of these vital areas in human biology.
