Coping with Bereavement and Aging
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of Task 1 in the study on Elderspeak?

  • To measure children's understanding of different emotions.
  • To evaluate children's knowledge of aging stereotypes.
  • To observe how children interact with their peers.
  • To assess how children describ objects and if they use Elderspeak. (correct)

Which task measures a child's Theory of Mind?

  • Production of Elderspeak task.
  • Questionnaire evaluating children's relationships.
  • Sandbox False-Belief Task. (correct)
  • Aging Stereotypes task.

Which factor was NOT mentioned as influencing children's aging attitudes?

  • First language and English fluency.
  • Children's preferred leisure activities. (correct)
  • Presence of communication/language impairment.
  • Quantity and quality of relationships with older adults.

What might children with a better Theory of Mind do when speaking to older adults?

<p>Accommodate the older adult by using Elderspeak. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of questions are used in Task 2 to assess aging stereotypes?

<p>Questions about which character would be better at various activities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors regarding older adults might affect children's use of Elderspeak?

<p>Level of hearing and vision loss. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the age range of children studied for the development of Elderspeak?

<p>3-12 years. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do parents play in the study regarding Elderspeak?

<p>They answer questions about their children's aging attitudes and relationships. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by intergenerational interaction?

<p>Any form of interaction between people of different age groups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes benevolent ageism?

<p>Agist behaviors performed with intentions that seem kind (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be a negative effect of ageism on older adults?

<p>Social isolation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT associated with Elderspeak?

<p>Complicated vocabulary (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key outcome of intergenerational interactions for young adults and adolescents?

<p>Positive shift in attitudes toward aging (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity was the least common in older adult-child interactions according to the results?

<p>Watching TV together (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect did intergenerational interaction have on older adults' well-being?

<p>Decreased levels of anxiety and depression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which was a purpose of technology in facilitating intergenerational interactions?

<p>Facilitating remote communication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Elderspeak often leads to which of the following adverse outcomes?

<p>Decreased self-esteem (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which benefit was commonly reported from intergenerational interactions?

<p>Increase in skills through tutoring (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which activities did older adults experience an increased sense of purpose?

<p>Tutoring and sharing knowledge with children (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a misconception about interactions between older adults and children?

<p>All old adults dislike spending time with children (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major goal of scoping reviews concerning older adult-child interactions?

<p>To summarize findings about interactions and technology use (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Dying' refer to?

<p>The period during which an organism loses vitality (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Crude Death Rate?

<p>The number of deaths per 100,000 of the entire population in a year (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of the Kubler-Ross Change theory?

<p>Confusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'Tamed Death' in sociocultural perspectives on death?

<p>Death is familiar and seen as a transition to eternal life (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does moderate exercise contribute to the issues discussed?

<p>It helps alleviate many physical and psychological issues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines 'Death with Dignity'?

<p>Providing patients with the autonomy to make decisions about their dying process (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Bereavement' describe?

<p>The process of coping with the death of another (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Psychological Perspectives on Death and Dying' suggest?

<p>A person's identity may shift as they confront their own mortality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which descriptor best fits the term 'Social Death'?

<p>Dying individuals are treated as non-persons by others (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one critique of Rowe and Kahn’s definition of successful aging?

<p>It lacks emphasis on early life stressors affecting success (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of 'Awareness of Finitude' imply?

<p>The realization that death will come eventually (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does genetics factor into end-of-life care decisions?

<p>Genetic backgrounds influence attitudes towards illness and mortality (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of WHO’s Model of Active Aging?

<p>Maximizing opportunities for health and participation in life (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Elderspeak

A communication style used by younger people when talking to older adults. It involves simplified language, slower speech, and exaggerated intonation.

Theory of Mind

The ability to understand that others have different thoughts, beliefs, and feelings than our own.

Elderspeak and Theory of Mind

Children's use of Elderspeak is influenced by how they understand the needs of older adults, and their ability to think from another's perspective.

Developmental Trajectory of Elderspeak

A study comparing the speech of children with different ages.

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Production of Elderspeak (Task 1)

Children were asked to describe objects to imaginary characters, either young or old, to test their communication style with different age groups.

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Aging Stereotypes (Task 2)

Children rated which character (young or old) would be better at certain activities to assess their age-related stereotypes.

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Theory of Mind (Task 3)

Children completed a test to measure their understanding of false beliefs, a key component of Theory of Mind.

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Questionnaire

A questionnaire designed to understand factors that influence children's attitudes towards older adults and their communication styles.

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Intergenerational Interaction

Any type of interaction that happens between people of different age groups, including young adults and older adults, children and young adults, and older adults and children.

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Ageism

Prejudice and discrimination towards individuals based solely on their age.

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Benevolent Ageism

Ageist behaviors that stem from stereotypes about aging but are done with good intentions.

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Intergenerational Programs

Programs that bring together individuals of different ages for interaction and shared activities.

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Older Adult Outcomes of Intergenerational Interaction

The positive impact of intergenerational interaction on older adults, including improved life satisfaction, reduced depression, a sense of purpose, and increased social connectedness.

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Young Adult/Adolescent Outcomes of Intergenerational Interaction

The positive impact of intergenerational interaction on young adults and adolescents, primarily a shift in attitudes toward older adults and aging.

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Scoping Review: Older Adult-Child Interactions

A review of research examining interactions between children and older adults, including the role of technology in facilitating these interactions.

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Activities in Older Adult-Child Interactions

A variety of activities used in intergenerational programs involving children and older adults, such as board games, writing activities, dance, crafts, and music.

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Participant Outcomes of Older Adult-Child Interactions

The positive impact of intergenerational interaction on children and older adults, including improved attitudes, increased enjoyment, enhanced well-being, and a sense of purpose.

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Technology in Older Adult-Child Interactions

The use of technology to facilitate interactions between children and older adults, including remote communication, shared activities, teaching, and learning together.

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Study: Do Children use Elderspeak?

A study exploring whether children use Elderspeak when communicating with older adults.

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Elderspeak Used by Children

The use of simplified speech and vocabulary by children when communicating with older adults.

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Intergenerational Interaction and Older Adults' Mental Health

A study examining the effects of intergenerational interactions on older adults' mental health.

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Intergenerational Interaction and Children's Attitudes Towards Seniors

The impact of intergenerational interaction on children's attitudes towards older adults.

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Dying

The period during which an organism loses vitality.

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Dying Trajectory

The temporal pattern of the disease process leading to a patient's death.

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Crude Death Rate

The number of deaths during a given year per 100,000 population.

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Age-specific Death Rate

The number of deaths in a particular age group during a given year per 100,000 population in the same age group.

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Age-Standardized Death Rate

The number of deaths per 100,000 population that would have occurred in a given area if the age structure of a population of that area was the same as that of a specified standard population.

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Death Ethos

A prevailing philosophy of death, often inferred from cultural practices and beliefs.

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Tamed Death

Death is viewed as familiar and simple, often seen as a transition to eternal life.

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Invisible Death

The dying individual retreats from family and spends their final days in a hospital setting.

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Social Death

The dying individual is treated as an 'non-person' by family or healthcare workers, often spending their final months in a hospital or nursing home.

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Death with Dignity

Dying individuals should not experience extreme physical dependency or loss of control over their bodily functions.

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Good Death

Dying individuals are given autonomy in making decisions about their end-of-life care, including the duration and type of care.

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Kubler-Ross Stages of Grief

A set of stages that describe emotional responses to terminal illness, including denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.

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Advance Directive

A formal documentation of a person's wishes regarding end-of-life care, such as DNR (Do Not Resuscitate).

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Medical Assistance in Dying (MAiD)

A physician or nurse practitioner administers a drug to intentionally cause death.

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Hospice Palliative Care

A holistic, person-centered approach to end-of-life care that focuses on comfort, support, and symptom management.

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Study Notes

Bereavement

  • Bereavement is the process people use to cope with the death of another person.
  • Attachment theory suggests that maintaining emotional bonds with the deceased can benefit the bereaved.
  • Many cultures value attachments to ancestors.

Dual-Process Model of Coping with Bereavement

  • This model describes the bereaved's coping as an oscillation between loss-oriented and restoration-oriented functions.

Social Indicator Model

  • Social indicators, objective measurements of social and economic welfare, are important in understanding well-being in older adults.
  • By these measures, older adults have a disadvantaged position.
  • Paradox of well-being explains how older adults maintain high subjective well-being despite facing challenges.
  • Set point perspective suggests that personality traits influence well-being throughout life and are a good indicator for longevity.

Communication Ecology Model of Successful Aging (CEMSA)

  • Individual perceptions of aging influence successful aging.
  • People with high uncertainty about aging may have challenges with self-efficacy.
  • CEMSA advocates that older adults avoid anti-aging products and stereotypes to maintain positive self-efficacy.

WHO's Model of Active Aging

  • Active aging focuses on optimizing opportunities for health, participation, and security in later life.

Simonton's Model of Creative Productivity

  • Creative potential, quantity of ideas produced, and the ability to translate those ideas into products are key components to this model.

Characteristics of Old Age Style

  • The old age style is a special quality of creativity produced when nearing death.
  • Older adults may focus on paring life down to essentials in mid-life as a reaction to nearing death.

Biopsychosocial Model of Creativity in Later Life

  • This model considers brain activation, disease and physical changes, personality, sociocultural factors, and prior experience as influences on creativity in older adults.

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Description

Explore the various models and theories related to bereavement and successful aging. This quiz covers attachment theory, the dual-process model, and social indicators that influence well-being in older adults. Gain insights into how individuals cope and perceive aging.

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