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Questions and Answers
When did the concept of medical imaging begin?
When did the concept of medical imaging begin?
1895
Who invented the x-ray?
Who invented the x-ray?
Wilhelm Rontgen
What was discovered in the early 1900's regarding medical imaging?
What was discovered in the early 1900's regarding medical imaging?
Pharmaceutical contrast agents could be used to see organs and blood vessels.
What medical advancement started in the 1950's?
What medical advancement started in the 1950's?
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What tool became more widely used in the 1960's?
What tool became more widely used in the 1960's?
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What medical imaging technology was developed in the 1970's?
What medical imaging technology was developed in the 1970's?
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What is the principle behind Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)?
What is the principle behind Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)?
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X-rays travel at a speed slower than the speed of light.
X-rays travel at a speed slower than the speed of light.
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X-rays have a longer wavelength than visible light.
X-rays have a longer wavelength than visible light.
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X-rays can travel through a vacuum.
X-rays can travel through a vacuum.
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X-rays are used to capture human skeleton defects.
X-rays are used to capture human skeleton defects.
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What are the main components of an X-ray machine?
What are the main components of an X-ray machine?
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Which component of an X-ray machine is used to restrict the X-ray beam?
Which component of an X-ray machine is used to restrict the X-ray beam?
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What is the purpose of the Grid in an X-ray machine?
What is the purpose of the Grid in an X-ray machine?
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X-ray film turns black due to interaction with the X-ray beam.
X-ray film turns black due to interaction with the X-ray beam.
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Which type of X-ray machine requires specialized electrical connections and is often found in teaching institutions?
Which type of X-ray machine requires specialized electrical connections and is often found in teaching institutions?
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Portable X-ray machines are often known for their easy operation and intuitive design.
Portable X-ray machines are often known for their easy operation and intuitive design.
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Mobile X-ray machines typically have a higher output than portable X-ray machines.
Mobile X-ray machines typically have a higher output than portable X-ray machines.
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What is fluoroscopy?
What is fluoroscopy?
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Fluoroscopy is similar to radiography in that it utilizes X-rays.
Fluoroscopy is similar to radiography in that it utilizes X-rays.
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Radiography produces live, moving images.
Radiography produces live, moving images.
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What is a common use of barium in fluoroscopy?
What is a common use of barium in fluoroscopy?
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What can a speech language pathologist use fluoroscopy to observe during a swallow study?
What can a speech language pathologist use fluoroscopy to observe during a swallow study?
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What is a common application of fluoroscopy in cardiac procedures?
What is a common application of fluoroscopy in cardiac procedures?
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What is the purpose of the C-arm in X-ray machines?
What is the purpose of the C-arm in X-ray machines?
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C-arms are primarily used for procedures involving fluoroscopy.
C-arms are primarily used for procedures involving fluoroscopy.
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What does OPG stand for in medical imaging?
What does OPG stand for in medical imaging?
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What does an OPG provide information about?
What does an OPG provide information about?
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What is the main purpose of dental X-rays?
What is the main purpose of dental X-rays?
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Dental X-rays use high levels of radiation.
Dental X-rays use high levels of radiation.
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What is mammography?
What is mammography?
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Mammography machines use a single plate to compress the breast.
Mammography machines use a single plate to compress the breast.
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Another name for bone densitometry, what's the alternative name for this procedure?
Another name for bone densitometry, what's the alternative name for this procedure?
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What does DEXA scan assess?
What does DEXA scan assess?
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Osteoporosis weakens bones and increases the risk of fractures.
Osteoporosis weakens bones and increases the risk of fractures.
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Study Notes
Conventional Radiological Techniques Equipment
- Equipment includes X-ray machines, fluoroscopy, C-arm X-ray, OPG X-ray, dental X-rays, mammography, and bone density scans.
- X-ray's invention by Wilhelm Röntgen in 1895 marked the start of medical imaging.
History of X-Ray
- Early 1900s: Pharmaceutical contrast agents allowed visualization of organs and blood vessels.
- 1950s: Nuclear medicine emerged as a diagnostic tool.
- 1960s: Sonar, previously a wartime technology, became used for medical imaging following World War Two.
- 1970s: Computed Tomography (CT scan) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) emerged.
X-Ray Properties
- X-rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths.
- X-rays can travel in a vacuum.
- X-rays do not carry an electric charge.
- High voltage is needed to create X-rays.
- X-rays are used to analyze human skeletal defects.
X-Ray Machine Parts
- Main Components: X-ray tube, operating console, high-frequency generator.
- Secondary Components: Collimator, grid, X-ray film, and x-ray detector, phototimer.
- X-ray tube: Includes a cathode (electron source), anode (target), vacuum, and a glass tube.
- Operating console: Allows the radiologic technologist control of x-ray tube current and voltage for proper beam quantity and quality.
- High-frequency generator: Powers the X-ray tube and supplies a smoother voltage to reduce disruptions (voltage ripple).
- Collimator: Minimizes the field of view and restricts the x-ray beam to the area of interest.
- Grid: Placed behind the patient to minimize scattered x-rays.
- X-ray film (or detector): Captures the projected x-ray image for analysis.
X-Ray Machine Types
- Fixed: Large, immobile machines typically found in hospitals and medical clinics.
- Portable: Smaller, easier to move, and typically have a lower maximum output than fixed machines used in emergency situations.
- Mobile: Mounted on wheels, used in the field or in areas lacking adequate power infrastructure, they often have a higher output than portable machines.
Fluoroscopy
- Fluoroscopy is a study of moving body structures using a continuous X-ray beam to produce real-time images.
- The beam is transmitted to a TV (or monitor).
- Uses: Diagnosis of stomach, intestines, colon, rectum, swallowing, cardiac procedures (blood flow and blockages), and spine/joint injections.
- It is used for monitoring in real-time.
- Similar to radiography and Computed Tomography(CT).
- The major difference between it and radiography is the live movement and lack of storage on film in fluoroscopy.
C-arm X-Ray
- C-shaped arm used to connect X-ray source and detector.
- Useful for intra-operative imaging in surgical, orthopaedic, and emergency procedures.
OPG X-Ray
- Orthopantomogram (OPG): Provides a panoramic view of the jaw and teeth.
- Used to diagnose conditions and identify problems like bone loss, trauma, etc.
Dental X-Rays
- Dental radiographs (images) help diagnose oral health problems.
- Used to detect cavities, decay, and impacted teeth.
Mammography
- A specific breast imaging technique.
- Uses low-dose X-rays.
- The machine compresses the breast to spread the tissue for accurate imaging.
Bone Density Scan
- Also known as bone densitometry or DXA/DEXA scan.
- Measures bone density for diagnosing bone health issues like osteoporosis.
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of conventional radiological techniques, focusing on equipment like X-ray machines, fluoroscopy, and CT scans. Learn about the history of X-ray technology and its evolution, including the properties of X-rays and the main components of an X-ray machine. This quiz is perfect for anyone interested in medical imaging.
