Construcción del Estado Liberal (1812-1874)

Construcción del Estado Liberal (1812-1874)

• Afrancesados: Spanish individuals loyal to Joseph Bonaparte, believing his rule would bring greater liberal reforms than an absolute monarchy.
• Soberanía compartida: Political system where sovereignty is held by both the monarch and the people's representatives (Cortes).
• Soberanía nacional: The principle that ultimate authority rests with the people, even if they delegate power to representatives.
• Cortes: Spanish legislative assembly, potentially unicameral or bicameral (composed of Congress and Senate).
• Juntas: Temporary assemblies of influential local figures, emerging spontaneously as opposing forces to official power.
• Monarquía parlamentaria: A system of monarchy where the monarch lacks decision-making power, with sovereignty residing in parliament.
• Sufragio censitario: Voting rights limited to wealthy, property-owning men.
• Sufragio universal: The right to vote for all adult male citizens.
• Diputación Provincial: Provincial governing body.
• Pronunciamiento: Military coup attempting to change government through a public declaration by a military leader.
• Pragmática Sanción: Royal decree by Carlos IV in 1789, later enacted by Fernando VII in 1830, overriding previous succession laws.
• Criollos: Spanish-descended individuals in the Americas, often large landowners forming part of the oligarchy.
• Propiedad vinculada: Type of property ownership common in the Old Regime, where assets were tied to an institution like a church, preventing their sale or transfer.
• Latifundio: Large agricultural estates.
• Carlismo: Political movement supporting the claim of the Carlist pretender to the Spanish throne.
• Diputados cuneos: Representatives presented by parties in electoral districts they do not belong to.

Revoluciones y Movimientos del Siglo XIX

• Gloriosa: Revolution of 1868 in Spain, leading to the dethronement of Isabella II and the beginning of the Sexenio Democrático.
• Cantonalismo: Local uprisings in Spain during the First Republic, advocating self-rule and the formation of a federal republic.
• Federalismo: A political ideology promoting self-rule and association from the bottom up.
• Junta Suprema de Canarias: Governing body created in La Laguna in 1808, assuming the archipelago's power after French invasion.
• Indiano: Return migrant to the Canary Islands from the Americas.
• Puertos Francos: Economic policy created in 1852 reducing tariffs on incoming goods, stimulating trade and the Canary Islands economy.
• Economía Portuaria: Economic policies that generated growth in the Canary Islands particularly due to trade.