Podcast
Questions and Answers
What characterized the transition from the absolute state to the liberal state in England?
What characterized the transition from the absolute state to the liberal state in England?
- A gradual development without significant political trauma (correct)
- An increase in the powers of the monarchy
- A rapid and violent overthrow of the monarchy
- A complete abandonment of democratic principles
What key theory was adopted to express the governance based on the rule of law?
What key theory was adopted to express the governance based on the rule of law?
- Alber Venn Dicey's theory of the Rule of Law (correct)
- Montesquieu's separation of powers
- John Locke's social contract theory
- Thomas Hobbes' idea of absolute sovereignty
What change did the introduction of the liberal state bring regarding the role of government?
What change did the introduction of the liberal state bring regarding the role of government?
- An increase in government intervention in everyday life
- The establishment of a strong, central authority
- The abolishment of any form of representative government
- The foundation of a 'minimum state' with limited functions (correct)
Which statement best describes the voting rights under the liberal state?
Which statement best describes the voting rights under the liberal state?
What significant shift occurred in the perception of government roles during the transition from the absolute state?
What significant shift occurred in the perception of government roles during the transition from the absolute state?
What is a defining characteristic of the absolute state?
What is a defining characteristic of the absolute state?
Which event acted as a catalyst for the transition from an absolute state to a liberal state?
Which event acted as a catalyst for the transition from an absolute state to a liberal state?
How did the absolute state change its focus during its development?
How did the absolute state change its focus during its development?
What role did Jean-Baptiste Colbert play in the absolute state?
What role did Jean-Baptiste Colbert play in the absolute state?
Which of the following statements about the governance of the absolute state is true?
Which of the following statements about the governance of the absolute state is true?
What transformation did the absolute state undergo regarding societal needs?
What transformation did the absolute state undergo regarding societal needs?
Which of the following is true about the bureaucracy established in the absolute state?
Which of the following is true about the bureaucracy established in the absolute state?
What was one result of socio-economic progress in the transition to the liberal state?
What was one result of socio-economic progress in the transition to the liberal state?
Flashcards
Absolute State
Absolute State
A system of government where the ruler has absolute power and is not bound by any laws or constitution.
Liberal State
Liberal State
A system of government where power is limited and is derived from the consent of the governed. It emphasizes individual rights and freedoms.
Rule of Law
Rule of Law
The principle that everyone is subject to the same laws, regardless of their position or power.
Representative Government
Representative Government
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Separation of Powers
Separation of Powers
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Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution
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Shift from Land to Money
Shift from Land to Money
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Mercantilism
Mercantilism
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Unification and Territorial Control
Unification and Territorial Control
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Divine Right of Kings
Divine Right of Kings
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Absence of Separation of Powers
Absence of Separation of Powers
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Study Notes
Absolute State Characteristics
- Followed feudalism, power centralized to a single monarch.
- Unified territories and established clear borders.
- Prioritized money over land, characterized by interventionist economic policies (high taxation, protectionism).
- Example: France's 17th-century economic strength due to mercantilist policies of Jean-Baptiste Colbert.
- Introduced bureaucracy and clear government structures (ministries, offices, standing army).
- Governance by advisors to the monarch, based on divine right, no separation of powers.
- Transitioned from a hierarchical structure of lords to a hierarchical structure of the state.
Liberal State Characteristics
- Emphasized individual rights and freedoms, separation of state and society.
- Perceived as resulting from socio-economic, technological, and political progress.
- Industrial Revolution acted as a major catalyst for the transition.
- Reduced role of government ('minimum state'), limited functions based on popular sovereignty.
- Based on representative government and separation of powers, not monarchical ideologies.
- Ministries gained executive powers, reflecting voter intentions.
- Adoption of principles like the Rule of Law (Dicey).
- Introduction of constitutions to ensure equality under the law.
Transition from Absolute to Liberal State
- Transition varied by nation, but causation was largely homogenous (socio-economic, technological, and political progress).
- Industrial Revolution was a significant catalyst for this transition.
- Led to political and civil rights, greater social responsibility.
- Example: England's gradual development contrasted with the French Revolution's violence.
- Despite societal progress, societies remained elitist (e.g., limited voting rights to land-owning men with university degrees).
- Marked a shift in power & perception of government, individual rights & democracy.
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